Highly Sensitive Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides Using 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin

Advanced technologies in biodegradable packaging using intelligent sensing to fight food waste

The limitation of conventional packaging in demonstrating accurate and real-time food expiration dates leads to food waste and foodborne diseases. Real-time food quality monitoring via intelligent packaging could be an effective solution to reduce food waste and foodborne illnesses. This review focuses on recent technological advances incorporated into food packaging for monitoring food spoilage, with a major focus on paper-based sensors and their combination with smartphone. This review paper offers a comprehensive exploration of advanced macromolecular technologies in biodegradable packaging, a general overview of paper-based probes and their incorporation into food packaging coupled with intelligent sensing mechanisms for monitoring food freshness. Given the escalating global concerns surrounding food waste, our manuscript serves as a pivotal resource, consolidating current research findings and highlighting the transformative potential of these innovative packaging solutions. We also highlight the current intelligent paper-based food freshness sensors and their various advantages and limitations. Examples of implementation of paper-based sensors/probes for food storage and their accuracy are presented. Finally, we examined how intelligent packaging can be an alternative to reduce food waste. Several technologies discussed here have good potential to be used in food packaging for real-time food monitoring, especially when combined with smartphone diagnosis.

Development and Clinical Application of Phosphorus-Containing Drugs

Phosphorus-containing drugs belong to an important class of therapeutic agents and are widely applied in daily clinical practices. Structurally, the phosphorus-containing drugs can be classified into phosphotriesters, phosphonates, phosphinates, phosphine oxides, phosphoric amides, bisphosphonates, phosphoric anhydrides, and others; functionally, they are often designed as prodrugs with improved selectivity and bioavailability, reduced side effects and toxicity, or biomolecule analogues with endogenous materials and antagonistic endoenzyme supplements. This review summarized the phosphorus-containing drugs currently on the market as well as a few promising molecules at clinical studies, with particular emphasis on their structural features, biological mechanism, and indications.

Detection of Trimethylamine Based on a Manganese Tetraphenylporphyrin Optical Waveguide Sensing Element

The sensitive detection of trimethylamine has been accomplished by using a homogeneous optical waveguide sensor system. Also the sensor can be easily fabricated by using tetraphenylporphyrin manganese (MnTPP) as sensitive materials to detect different volatile organic compounds (VOC). NMR (¹H-NMR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), infrared (IR), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) instrumental means were used to characterize its structure. Gas-sensing measurements indicated that the sensing element has shown good selectivity, high sensitivity and a low detection limit level of 0.1 ppm to trimethylamine (TMA) with the presence of interference gases at room temperature. For a range of trimethylamine concentrations from 0.1 to 1000 ppm, the sensor has shown a short response time. Also the response time and recovery time are 1.5 and 50 s, respectively. Simulation experiments (dichloromethane, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride were selected as interference gases) showed little interference with its gas sensing. That may provide an ideal candidate for detecting the freshness of fish and seafood.