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Sompark C, Chawjiraphan W, Sukmak M, Cha’on U, Anutrakulchai S, Pongprayoon P, Putnin T, Pimalai D, Pinrod V, Japrung D. Effects of Boric Acid and Storage Temperature on the Analysis of Microalbumin Using Aptasensor-Based Fluorescent Detection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:915. [PMID: 36354425 PMCID: PMC9687920 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The instability of human serum albumin (HSA) in urine samples makes fresh urine a requirement for microalbumin analyses using immunoturbidimetry. Here, we determined the ability of an aptasensor-based fluorescent platform to detect microalbumin in old, boric acid-preserved urine samples. Our results show that the cleavage site of protease enzymes on urine albumin protein differed from the binding position of the aptamer on HSA protein, suggesting the aptasensor may be effective for albumin detection in non-fresh urine. Furthermore, the addition of boric acid in urine samples over a short term (at ambient temperature (Ta) and 4 °C), long term (-20 and -80 °C), and following freeze-thawing (1-3 cycles) did not significantly affect albumin stability, as analyzed using the aptasensor. Therefore, boric acid stabilized has in urine stored over a short- and long-term. Thus, the aptasensor developed by us is applicable for HSA detection in boric acid-preserved urine that has been stored for 7-d at Ta and 4 °C, and in the long-term at -80 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chalermwoot Sompark
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
- Postharvest and Processing Research and Development Division, Department of Agriculture, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Wireeya Chawjiraphan
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Manatsaphon Sukmak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention in the Northeast of Thailand (CKDNET), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Ubon Cha’on
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention in the Northeast of Thailand (CKDNET), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sirirat Anutrakulchai
- Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention in the Northeast of Thailand (CKDNET), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Prapasiri Pongprayoon
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center for Advance Studies in Nanotechnology for Chemical, Food and Agricultural Industries, KU Institute for Advance Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Thitirat Putnin
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Dechnarong Pimalai
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Visarute Pinrod
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Deanpen Japrung
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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Patella B, Moukri N, Regalbuto G, Cipollina C, Pace E, Di Vincenzo S, Aiello G, O’Riordan A, Inguanta R. Electrochemical Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanostructures on Flexible Substrate and Application as an Electrochemical Immunoglobulin-G Immunosensor. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:713. [PMID: 35160668 PMCID: PMC8837124 DOI: 10.3390/ma15030713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG), a type of antibody, represents approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, and is the most common type of antibody found in blood circulation. Consequently, the development of simple, fast and reliable systems for IgG detection, which can be achieved using electrochemical sandwich-type immunosensors, is of considerable interest. In this study we have developed an immunosensor for human (H)-IgG using an inexpensive and very simple fabrication method based on ZnO nanorods (NRs) obtained through the electrodeposition of ZnO. The ZnO NRs were treated by electrodepositing a layer of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to ensure an easy immobilization of the antibodies. On Indium Tin Oxide supported on Polyethylene Terephthalate/ZnO NRs/rGO substrate, the sandwich configuration of the immunosensor was built through different incubation steps, which were all optimized. The immunosensor is electrochemically active thanks to the presence of gold nanoparticles tagging the secondary antibody. The immunosensor was used to measure the current density of the hydrogen development reaction which is indirectly linked to the concentration of H-IgG. In this way the calibration curve was constructed obtaining a logarithmic linear range of 10-1000 ng/mL with a detection limit of few ng/mL and good sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Patella
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (B.P.); (N.M.); (G.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Nadia Moukri
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (B.P.); (N.M.); (G.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Gaia Regalbuto
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (B.P.); (N.M.); (G.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Chiara Cipollina
- Fondazione Ri.MED, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 90153 Palermo, Italy; (E.P.); (S.D.V.)
| | - Elisabetta Pace
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 90153 Palermo, Italy; (E.P.); (S.D.V.)
| | - Serena Di Vincenzo
- Istituto per la Ricerca e l’Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 90153 Palermo, Italy; (E.P.); (S.D.V.)
| | - Giuseppe Aiello
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (B.P.); (N.M.); (G.R.); (G.A.)
| | - Alan O’Riordan
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, T12 R5CP Cork, Ireland;
| | - Rosalinda Inguanta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (B.P.); (N.M.); (G.R.); (G.A.)
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3
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Pothipor C, Bamrungsap S, Jakmunee J, Ounnunkad K. A gold nanoparticle-dye/poly(3-aminobenzylamine)/two dimensional MoSe 2/graphene oxide electrode towards label-free electrochemical biosensor for simultaneous dual-mode detection of cancer antigen 15-3 and microRNA-21. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 210:112260. [PMID: 34894598 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A dual-mode electrochemical biosensor is successfully developed for simultaneous detection of two different kinds of breast cancer biomarkers, namely cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) and microRNA-21 (miRNA-21), for the first time. The sensor composes of a poly(3-aminobenzylamine)/two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum selenide/graphene oxide nanocomposite modified two-screen-printed carbon electrode array (dual electrode), functionalized individually with 2,3-diaminophenazine-gold nanoparticles and toluidine blue-gold nanoparticles. Both kinds of the redox probe-gold nanoparticles are employed as signaling molecules and supports for immobilization of anti-CA 15-3 antibodies and capture DNA-21 probes, respectively. Due to the good conductivity and high surface-to-volume ratio of the nanocomposite, high amount of the antibodies and capture probes can be immobilized on the modified dual-electrode, giving the efficient duplex detection. Consequently, the biosensor provides good selectivity, and high sensitivity for the dual target analyte detection. The experimental results show that this label-free biosensor exhibits good linear responses to the concentrations of both target analytes with the limits of detection (LODs) of 0.14 U mL-1 and 1.2 fM for CA 15-3 and miRNA-21, respectively. This assay strategy has a great potential to be further developed for the simultaneous detection of a variety of miRNAs and protein biomarkers for point-of-care (POC) diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chammari Pothipor
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; The Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Suwussa Bamrungsap
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kontad Ounnunkad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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Yaiwong P, Semakul N, Bamrungsap S, Jakmunee J, Ounnunkad K. Electrochemical detection of matrix metalloproteinase-7 using an immunoassay on a methylene blue/2D MoS 2/graphene oxide electrode. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 142:107944. [PMID: 34500138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Methylene blue (MB) adsorption onto a two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (2D MoS2)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite sitting on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) is used to develop a new sensitive label-free electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) cancer biomarkers. The 2D MoS2/GO nanocomposite deposited onto an SPCE provides a large specific surface area, fast electron transfer, and exceptional electrical conductivity. Furthermore, MB adsorbed onto the 2D MoS2/GO nanocomposite architecture can be used for signal amplification in electrochemical immunosensors. Moreover, an immunosensor platform was fabricated by the adsorption of anti-MMP-7 capture antibodies onto the MB/2D MoS2/GO nanocomposite surface via electrostatic interactions for the detection of the MMP-7 immunocomplex. Under optimum conditions, the label-free immunosensor exhibits a decrease in the current response for MB corresponding to the MMP-7 concentration. The sensor affords a linear logarithmic range of 0.010-75 ng mL-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.007 ng mL-1. The developed electrochemical immunosensor provides high selectivity, good reproducibility, and excellent stability. Furthermore, the proposed immunosensor can be applied for the detection of MMP-7 in human serum samples with good recovery. Thus, this device can be applied for the early clinical diagnosis of pancreatic and colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrawadee Yaiwong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; The Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Natthawat Semakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Suwussa Bamrungsap
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kontad Ounnunkad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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Wang A, Zhang C, You X, Zhou J, Chen Y, Liang C, Ma D, Liu D, Zhang G. A Novel Electrochemical Immunosensor For Sulfadimidine Detection Based On Staphylococcal Protein A−AuNPs/Ag−GO−Nf Modified Electrode[]**. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiping Wang
- School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan You
- School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Jingming Zhou
- School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Yumei Chen
- School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liang
- School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Ma
- School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 People's Republic of China
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A simple label-free electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of alpha-fetoprotein based on specific aptamer immobilized platinum nanoparticles/carboxylated-graphene oxide. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13969. [PMID: 34234187 PMCID: PMC8263621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A label-free electrochemical aptamer-based sensor has been fabricated for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) detection. Platinum nanoparticles on carboxylated-graphene oxide (PtNPs/GO-COOH) modified screen-printed graphene-carbon paste electrode (SPGE) was utilized as an immobilization platform, and the AFP aptamer was employed as a bio-recognition element. The synthesized GO-COOH helps to increase the surface area and amounts of the immobilized aptamer. Subsequently, PtNPs are decorated on GO-COOH to enhance electrical conductivity and an oxidation current of the hydroquinone electrochemical probe. The aptamer selectively interacts with AFP, causing a decrease in the peak current of the hydroquinone because the binding biomolecules on the electrode surface hinder the electron transfer of the redox probe. Effects of aptamer concentration and AFP incubation time were studied, and the current changes of the redox probe before and after AFP binding were investigated by square wave voltammetry. The developed aptasensor provides a linear range from 3.0–30 ng mL−1 with a detection limit of 1.22 ng mL−1. Moreover, the aptamer immobilized electrode offers high selectivity to AFP molecules, good stability, and sensitive determination of AFP in human serum samples with high recoveries.
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7
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Pothipor C, Jakmunee J, Bamrungsap S, Ounnunkad K. An electrochemical biosensor for simultaneous detection of breast cancer clinically related microRNAs based on a gold nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots/graphene oxide film. Analyst 2021; 146:4000-4009. [PMID: 34013303 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00436k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A label-free multiplexed electrochemical biosensor based on a gold nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots/graphene oxide (AuNPs/GQDs/GO) modified three-screen-printed carbon electrode (3SPCE) array is successfully constructed to detect miRNA-21, miRNA-155, and miRNA-210 biomarkers for the first time. Redox species (anthraquinone (AQ), methylene blue (MB), and polydopamine (PDA)) are used as redox indicators for anchoring capture miRNA probes, which hybridize with the complementary targets, miRNA-21, miRNA-155, and miRNA-210, respectively. After three target miRNAs are present, the square wave voltammetry (SWV) scan displays three well-separated peaks. Each peak indicates the presence of one miRNA, and its intensity quantitatively correlates with the concentration of the corresponding target analyte. This phenomenon results in the substantial decline of the SWV peak current of the redox probes. The developed AuNPs/GQDs/GO-based biosensor reveals excellent performance for simultaneous miRNA sensing. It offers a wide linear dynamic range from 0.001 to 1000 pM with ultrasensitive low detection limits of 0.04, 0.33, and 0.28 fM for the detection of miRNA-21, miRNA-155, and miRNA-210, respectively. It also presents high selectivity and applicability for the detection of miRNAs in human serum samples. This multiplex label-free miRNA biosensor has great potential for applications in breast cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chammari Pothipor
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. and The Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand and Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Suwussa Bamrungsap
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kontad Ounnunkad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand and Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand and Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Putnin T, Waiwinya W, Pimalai D, Chawjiraphan W, Sathirapongsasuti N, Japrung D. Dual sensitive and rapid detection of glycated human serum albumin using a versatile lead/graphene nanocomposite probe as a fluorescence-electrochemical aptasensor. Analyst 2021; 146:4357-4364. [PMID: 34128007 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00556a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring of glycated human serum albumin (GHSA) as a glycemic marker for screening and monitoring of diabetes mellitus is widely practiced for patients with conditions that affect red blood cells. In this study, a complex comprising Pb ions adsorbed on graphene oxide (GO-Pb) was fabricated and utilized as a versatile probe in a fluorescence-electrochemical aptasensor for GHSA quantification. To simplify the aptasensor, the GO-Pb complex probe was prepared via an ion adsorption process. After modification with a fluorophore-labeled aptamer, the GO-Pb complex served as an excellent energy acceptor in fluorescence-based analysis, as well as generating a high current in the electrochemical transducer. Additionally, the proposed platform can detect GHSA via the dual technique from a single sample, allowing for precise and accurate results. Under optimal conditions, the fluorescence-electrochemical aptasensor exhibited a linear relationship with GHSA concentrations from 0.001 to 80 μg mL-1 and from 0.005 to 10 μg mL-1 for fluorescence and electrochemical detection, respectively. The corresponding detection limits were 8.80 ng mL-1 and 0.77 ng mL-1, respectively. The proposed aptasensor additionally displayed good selectivity and excellent stability. Moreover, its successful application in the analysis of clinical samples further demonstrated its utility. Therefore, the proposed platform has significant potential as a novel, facile, highly responsive, and low-cost monitoring method for the development of diabetes mellitus diagnostic devices intended for a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitirat Putnin
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani, Thailand.
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Phetsang S, Khwannimit D, Rattanakit P, Chanlek N, Kidkhunthod P, Mungkornasawakul P, Jakmunee J, Ounnunkad K. A Redox Cu(II)-Graphene Oxide Modified Screen Printed Carbon Electrode as a Cost-Effective and Versatile Sensing Platform for Electrochemical Label-Free Immunosensor and Non-enzymatic Glucose Sensor. Front Chem 2021; 9:671173. [PMID: 34095085 PMCID: PMC8172615 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.671173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel copper (II) ions [Cu(II)]-graphene oxide (GO) nanocomplex-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) is successfully developed as a versatile electrochemical platform for construction of sensors without an additionally external redox probe. A simple strategy to prepare the redox GO-modified SPCE is described. Such redox GO based on adsorbed Cu(II) is prepared by incubation of GO-modified SPCE in the Cu(II) solution. This work demonstrates the fabrications of two kinds of electrochemical sensors, i.e., a new label-free electrochemical immunosensor and non-enzymatic sensor for detections of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and glucose, respectively. Our immunosensor based on square-wave voltammetry (SWV) of the redox GO-modified electrode shows the linearity in a dynamic range of 1.0-500 pg.mL-1 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.20 pg.mL-1 for the detection of IgG while non-enzymatic sensor reveals two dynamic ranges of 0.10-1.00 mM (sensitivity = 36.31 μA.mM-1.cm-2) and 1.00-12.50 mM (sensitivity = 3.85 μA.mM-1.cm-2) with a LOD value of 0.12 mM. The novel redox Cu(II)-GO composite electrode is a promising candidate for clinical research and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sopit Phetsang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- National Institute of Technology, Nagaoka College, Niigata, Japan
| | - Duangruedee Khwannimit
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Division of Chemistry, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Parawee Rattanakit
- Division of Chemistry, School of Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Narong Chanlek
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Pinit Kidkhunthod
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Pitchaya Mungkornasawakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kontad Ounnunkad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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10
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Chanarsa S, Jakmunee J, Ounnunkad K. A Bifunctional Nanosilver-Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensing. Front Chem 2021; 9:631571. [PMID: 33996742 PMCID: PMC8113703 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.631571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A bi-functional material based on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) composite for both electrode modification and signal generation is successfully synthesized for use in the construction of a label-free electrochemical immunosensor. An AgNPs/rGO nanocomposite is prepared by a one-pot wet chemical process. The AgNPs/rGO composite dispersion is simply cast on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) to fabricate the electrochemical immunosensor. It possesses a sufficient conductivity/electroreactivity and improves the electrode reactivity of SPCE. Moreover, the material can generate an analytical response due to the formation of immunocomplexes for detection of human immunoglobulin G (IgG), a model biomarker. Based on electrochemical stripping of AgNPs, the material reveals signal amplification without external redox molecules/probes. Under optimized conditions, the square wave voltammetric peak current is responded to the logarithm of IgG concentration in two wide linear ranges from 1 to 50 pg.ml-1 and 0.05 to 50 ng.ml-1, and the limit of detection (LOD) is estimated to be 0.86 pg.ml-1. The proposed immunosensor displays satisfactory sensitivity and selectivity. Importantly, detection of IgG in human serum using the immunosensor shows satisfactory accuracy, suggesting that the immunosensor possesses a huge potential for further development in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supakeit Chanarsa
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- The Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products From Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kontad Ounnunkad
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products From Northern Resources, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Shen Y, Wu T, Zhang Y, Ling N, Zheng L, Zhang SL, Sun Y, Wang X, Ye Y. Engineering of a Dual-Recognition Ratiometric Fluorescent Nanosensor with a Remarkably Large Stokes Shift for Accurate Tracking of Pathogenic Bacteria at the Single-Cell Level. Anal Chem 2020; 92:13396-13404. [PMID: 32867467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rapid, accurate, reliable, and risk-free tracking of pathogenic microorganisms at the single-cell level is critical to achieve efficient source control and prevent outbreaks of microbial infectious diseases. For the first time, we report a promising approach for integrating the concepts of a remarkably large Stokes shift and dual-recognition into a single matrix to develop a pathogenic microorganism stimuli-responsive ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe with speed, cost efficiency, stability, ultrahigh specificity, and sensitivity. As a proof-of-concept, we selected the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as the target analyte model, which easily bound to its recognition aptamer and the broad-spectrum glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin (Van). To improve the specificity and short sample-to-answer time, we employed classic noncovalent π-π stacking interactions as a driving force to trigger the binding of Van and aptamer dual-functionalized near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent Apt-Van-QDs to the surface of an unreported blue fluorescent π-rich electronic carbon nanoparticles (CNPs), achieving S. aureus stimuli-responsive ratiometric nanoprobe Apt-Van-QDs@CNPs. In the assembly of Apt-Van-QDs@CNPs, the blue CNPs (energy donor) and NIR Apt-Van-QDs (energy acceptor) became close to allow the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) process, leading to a remarkable blue fluorescence quenching for the CNPs at ∼465 nm and a clear NIR fluorescence enhancement for Apt-Van-QDs at ∼725 nm. In the presence of S. aureus, the FRET process from CNPs to Apt-Van-QDs was disrupted, causing the nanoprobe Apt-Van-QDs@CNPs to display a ratiometric fluorescent response to S. aureus, which exhibited a large Stokes shift of ∼260 nm and rapid sample-to-answer detection time (∼30.0 min). As expected, the nanoprobe Apt-Van-QDs@CNPs showed an ultrahigh specificity for ratiometric fluorescence detection of S. aureus with a good detection limit of 1.0 CFU/mL, allowing the assay at single-cell level. Moreover, we also carried out the precise analysis of S. aureus in actual samples with acceptable results. We believe that this work offers new insight into the rational design of efficient ratiometric nanoprobes for rapid on-site accurate screening of pathogenic microorganisms at the single-cell level in the early stages, especially during the worldwide spread of COVID-19 today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhong Shen
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, School of Food & Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, School of Food & Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yiyin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, School of Food & Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Na Ling
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, School of Food & Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Libing Zheng
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, School of Food & Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Shao-Lin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yidan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yingwang Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, School of Food & Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
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12
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Thunkhamrak C, Chuntib P, Ounnunkad K, Banet P, Aubert PH, Saianand G, Gopalan AI, Jakmunee J. Highly sensitive voltammetric immunosensor for the detection of prostate specific antigen based on silver nanoprobe assisted graphene oxide modified screen printed carbon electrode. Talanta 2020; 208:120389. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Shirai A, Nakashima K, Sueyoshi K, Endo T, Hisamoto H. Development of a single-step immunoassay microdevice based on a graphene oxide-containing hydrogel possessing fluorescence quenching and size separation functions. Analyst 2018; 142:472-477. [PMID: 28091627 DOI: 10.1039/c6an02485h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An immunoassay, which is an indispensable analytical method both in biological research and in medical fields was successfully integrated into a "single-step" by developing a microdevice composed of a graphene oxide (GO)-containing hydrogel and a poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchannel array with a polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating containing a fluorescently-labelled antibody. Here we used 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) as a monomer that is easily, and homogeneously, mixed with GO to synthesize the hydrogel. The fluorescence quenching and size separation functions were then optimized by controlling the ratios of HEMA and GO. Free fluorescently-labelled antibody was successfully separated from the immunoreaction mixture by the hydrogel network structure, and the fluorescence was subsequently quenched by GO. In comparison to the previously reported immunoassay system using GO, the present system achieved a very high fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency (∼90%), due to the use of direct adsorption of the fluorescently-labelled antibody to the GO surface; in contrast, the former reported method relied on indirect adsorption of the fluorescently-labelled antibody via immunocomplex formation at the GO surface. Finally, the single-step immunoassay microdevice was made by combining the developed hydrogel and the PDMS microchannel with a coating containing the fluorescently-labelled antibody, and successfully applied for the single-step analysis of IgM levels in diluted human serum by simple introduction of the sample via capillary action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Shirai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Kaho Nakashima
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
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14
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Batistela DM, Stevani CV, Freire RS. Immunoassay for Human IgG Using Antibody-functionalized Silver Nanoparticles. ANAL SCI 2018; 33:1111-1114. [PMID: 28993583 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.33.1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A simple colorimetric immunoassay for quantification of human immunoglobulin G (hIgG) is herein described. The assay is based on the aggregation inhibition of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) functionalized with hIgG antibody (anti-hIgG) on the surface. The aggregation is measured in terms of attenuance values ratio at 400 and 530 nm (A400/A530). A linear response between A400/A530 and hIgG concentration is observed in the range 25 - 200 ng mL-1, and the detection limit is estimated as 11 ng mL-1 hIgG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela M Batistela
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP)
| | - Cassius V Stevani
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP)
| | - Renato S Freire
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP)
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15
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Ajiri T, Kasa H, Maeki M, Ishida A, Tani H, Nishii J, Tokeshi M. Using Laser Interference Lithography in the Fabrication of a Simplified Micro- and Nanofluidic Device for Label-free Detection. ANAL SCI 2017; 33:1197-1199. [PMID: 28993597 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.33.1197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we developed a label-free detection method based on optical diffraction, and implemented it in on our fabricated micro- and nanofluidic device. This detection method is simple and useful for detecting biomolecules, but the device fabrication consists of complicated processes. In this paper, we propose a simple method for fabricating the micro- and nanofluidic device; the fabrication combines laser interference lithography with conventional photolithography. The performance of a device fabricated by the proposed method is comparable to the performance of the device in our previous study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiga Ajiri
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Haruya Kasa
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Masatoshi Maeki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Akihiko Ishida
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Hirofumi Tani
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Junji Nishii
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Manabu Tokeshi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University.,ImPACT Research Center for Advanced Nanobiodevices, Nagoya University.,Innovative Research Center for Preventive Medical Engineering, Nagoya University.,Institute of Innovative for Future Society, Nagoya University
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16
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Thunkhamrak C, Reanpang P, Ounnunkad K, Jakmunee J. Sequential injection system with amperometric immunosensor for sensitive determination of human immunoglobulin G. Talanta 2017; 171:53-60. [PMID: 28551153 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Sequential injection (SI) system incorporated with amperometric immunosensor was developed for sensitive determination of human immunoglobulin G (HIgG). A cost effective label-free immunosensor was fabricated by immobilizing anti-HIgG on a graphene oxide (GO) modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The developed electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry(CV), scanning electron microscope(SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) which confirmed the selective immunointeraction of HIgG to the anti-HIgG on the electrode, thus reduced the amperometric current of [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- redox probe. The sensing electrode was placed in a designed electrochemical flow cell of SI system, where the redox probe was propelled through and the currents before and after the immunointeraction occurred were measured amperometrically by using a simple home-made amperometer. Under the optimum condition: flow rate of 2mLmin-1, applied potential of +350mV, [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- concentration of 10mM and 10min of incubation time, a linear calibration in the range of 2-100ngmL-1 was achieved, with detection limit of 1.70ngmL-1. The proposed system provided good repeatability and reproducibility and the application for urine sample analysis was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidkamon Thunkhamrak
- Department of Chemistry and Research Laboratory for Analytical Instrument and Electrochemistry Innovation, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Preeyaporn Reanpang
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University Lampang Center, 248 M.2 Lampang-Chiang Mai Road, Pong Yang Khok, Hangchat, Lampang 52190, Thailand
| | - Kontad Ounnunkad
- Department of Chemistry and Research Laboratory for Analytical Instrument and Electrochemistry Innovation, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Laboratory for Analytical Instrument and Electrochemistry Innovation, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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17
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Hasanzadeh M, Shadjou N. What are the reasons for low use of graphene quantum dots in immunosensing of cancer biomarkers? MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 71:1313-1326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Norfun P, Jumpathong W, Kungwan N, Jakmunee J, Ounnunkad K. Electroanalytical Application of Screen-printed Carbon Electrode Modified with Conductive Graphene Oxide–Poly(acrylic acid) Film for Label-free Detection of Human Immunoglobulin G. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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19
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Norfun P, Suree N, Kungwan N, Punyodom W, Jakmunee J, Ounnunkad K. Electrochemical Detection of Human Interleukin-15 using a Graphene Oxide-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode. ANAL LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2016.1216123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poachanee Norfun
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nuttee Suree
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nawee Kungwan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Winita Punyodom
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Jakmunee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kontad Ounnunkad
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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20
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Liu X, Li Q, Chen L, Zhou J, Liu M, Shen Y. One-step immobilization antibodies using ferrocene-containing thiol aromatic aldehyde for the fabrication of a label-free electrochemical immunosensor. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24122k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work focuses on a facile method for antibody immobilization to fabricate a label-free electrochemical immunosensor using ferrocene-containing thiol aromatic aldehyde (FcSA) synthesized by us.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Liu
- College of Science
- Science and Technological Innovation Platform
- Hunan Agricultural University
- ChangSha 410128
- PR China
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Science
- Science and Technological Innovation Platform
- Hunan Agricultural University
- ChangSha 410128
- PR China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- College of Science
- Science and Technological Innovation Platform
- Hunan Agricultural University
- ChangSha 410128
- PR China
| | - Jiheng Zhou
- College of Science
- Science and Technological Innovation Platform
- Hunan Agricultural University
- ChangSha 410128
- PR China
| | - Meiling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan Normal University
- Changsha 410081
| | - Youming Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University of Arts and Science
- ChangDe 415000
- PR China
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