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Bujňáková D, Karahutová L. Molecular characteristics and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus haemolyticus isolated from bovine mastitis. Res Vet Sci 2024; 177:105365. [PMID: 39053094 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococci are classified as one of the pathogens causing bovine mastitis that can pose not only an economic loss to the dairy farms, but a serious public-health threat based on their zoonotic potential. We focused to monitor phenotypes of the isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (S. haemolyticus) from milk of cows with clinical mastitis, including antibiotic resistance, biofilm forming ability and the presence of biofilm- and toxin- related genes. From a total of 191 milk samples were identified as S. aureus - 12% (22 isolates) and S. haemolyticus - 6% (12 isolates). Automatic interpreted reading of the antibiogram evaluated potentially 12 isolates as methicillin-resistant S. aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci. Genotypically, the isolates were positive for blaZ and negative for mecA and mecC. Others important mechanisms were inducible macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (iMLSB) resistance with presence of msrA, ermC, vgaA. The most detected biofilm-associated and toxins genes were clfA, sdrD, sdrE, fnbpB, bbp, isdA, isdB, hla and see. S. aureus isolates were subjected to spa typing. It turned out that despite the strains coming from different farms, they were either resistant or sensitive to antibiotic, were all of the same spa-type t 10035. Our findings revealed the presence iMLSB, which, to our best knowledge, were described in Slovakian bovine staphylococci rarely. The majority of isolates were multidrug-resistant and carried multiple virulence genes, posing a potential public-health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dobroslava Bujňáková
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4/6, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Lívia Karahutová
- Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Šoltésovej 4/6, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic.
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Šmitran A, Sladojević Ž, Božić L, Gajić I, Marković T, Kasagić D, Subić I, Katalina G, Golić B. Comparison of biofilm production and virulence genes distribution among human and canine isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH 2023; 24:74-80. [PMID: 37378390 PMCID: PMC10291525 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2022.43373.6331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Staphylococcus aureus is an important human and animal pathogen that can cause a wide range of infections due to numerous virulence factors. Aims The aim of this study was to compare biofilm formation ability with different virulence factors such as bacterial motility, genes encoding biofilm associated proteins, and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) among human and canine isolates of S. aureus. Methods A total of 60 human (30 methicillin sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) and 30 methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA)) and 17 canine (all MSSA) isolates of S. aureus were tested for the capability of biofilm production, motility assay, and presence of genes encoding virulence factors: ica (encoding intercellular adhesion), bap (encoding biofilm-associated protein), fnbA (encoding fibronectin-binding protein A), cna (encoding collagen-binding protein), and pvl (encoding PVL). Results Animal isolates of S. aureus performed better biofilm production than the human strains (P=0.042), as well as human MSSA compared to the MRSA isolates (P=0.013). Our results showed that cna, fnbA, and ica genes (67.5%, 66.2%, and 42.9%, respectively) were more prevalent than bap and pvl genes (0%, and 7.8%, respectively). The ica gene was significantly more prevalent in human isolates compared to animal isolates (n=31/60 vs. n=2/17, P=0.008), whereas the cna gene was more frequent in animal isolates than in human ones (n=15/17 vs. n=37/60, P=0.0201). Significant correlations were found between the biofilm formation of animal isolates, and the presence of fnbA (P=0.029) and ica genes (P=0.001). Conclusion This study showed a correlation between biofilm production and the presence of certain biofilm-related genes in animal isolates, as well as stronger biofilm production among MSSA human and animal isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Šmitran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ž Sladojević
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, PI Veterinary Institute of the Rublic Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Branka Radičevića 18, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - L Božić
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - I Gajić
- Department of Bacteriology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - T Marković
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- MSc in Bacteriology, Department for Microbiology, Public Health Institute of the Republic Srpska, Jovana Dučića 1, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - D Kasagić
- Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, PI Veterinary Institute of the Rublic Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Branka Radičevića 18, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - I Subić
- MSc in Molecular Microbiology, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, PI Veterinary Institute of the Rublic Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Branka Radičevića 18, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - G Katalina
- MSc in Medical Care, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Save Mrkalja 14, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Institute of Pathology, University Clinical Centar of the Republic Srpska, Dvanaest beba bb, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - B Golić
- Laboratory for Microbiology of Food, Feed and Water, PI Veterinary Institute of the Rublic Srpska “Dr Vaso Butozan”, Branka Radičevića 18, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Lisowska-Łysiak K, Lauterbach R, Międzobrodzki J, Kosecka-Strojek M. Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus Bloodstream Infections in Humans: a Review. Pol J Microbiol 2021; 70:13-23. [PMID: 33815523 PMCID: PMC8330453 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2021-005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococci are among the most frequent human microbiota components associated with the high level of bloodstream infection (BSI) episodes. In predisposed patients, there is a high risk of transformation of BSI episodes to sepsis. Both bacterial and host factors are crucial for the outcomes of BSI and sepsis. The highest rates of BSI episodes were reported in Africa, where these infections were up to twice as high as the European rates. However, there remains a great need to analyze African data for comprehensive quantification of staphylococcal BSI prevalence. The lowest rates of BSI exist in Australia. Asian, European, and North American data showed similar frequency values. Worldwide analysis indicated that both Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are the most frequent BSI agents. In the second group, the most prevalent species was Staphylococcus epidermidis, although CoNS were not identified at the species level in many studies. The lack of a significant worldwide decrease in BSI episodes indicates a great need to implement standardized diagnostic methods and research etiological factors using advanced genetic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Lisowska-Łysiak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ryszard Lauterbach
- Department of Neonatology, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jacek Międzobrodzki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maja Kosecka-Strojek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Kwapisz E, Garbacz K, Kosecka-Strojek M, Schubert J, Bania J, Międzobrodzki J. Presence of egc-positive major clones ST 45, 30 and 22 among methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible oral Staphylococcus aureus strains. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18889. [PMID: 33144661 PMCID: PMC7609576 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity may comprise a significant reservoir for Staphylococcus aureus but the data on molecular epidemiology and clonal distribution of oral strains are really scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the clonal relatedness in S. aureus isolated from oral cavity and their relationship with carriage of virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance profiles. A total of 139 oral S. aureus isolates were obtained from 2327 analysed oral samples of dental patients. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed. Isolates were characterized using protein A gene (spa) typing, spa-CC clonal complexes, toxin genes and SCCmec typing for MRSA. High resistance rates for penicillin, tetracycline and gentamicin were detected, respectively 58.3%, 42.4%, and 35.2%. Twelve (8.6%) S. aureus isolates were identified as MRSA. All of MRSA isolates were mecA-positive and mecC-negative. SCCmec IV was the most common type (66.7%), which was typical for community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA). Overall, the enterotoxin gene cluster (egc) was the most frequent detected virulence factor (44.9%), both in MSSA and MRSA isolates. Presence of genes encoding for the enterotoxins (sea, seb, sec, seh, sek), exfoliative toxin A (eta), and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tst) was also observed. Strains carrying lukS-PV/lukF-PV genes belonged to SCCmecV- spa type t437. The most prevalent spa types were t091, t015, t084, t002, t571, and t026 among all 57 identified. Spa types, including 3 new ones, grouped in 6 different spa-CC clonal complexes, with four major dominated; CC45, CC30, CC5, and CC15. This study demonstrated that both methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant major European clones of S. aureus could be isolated from the oral cavity of dental patients, with the emergence of PVL-positive CA-MRSA strains. The oral cavity should be considered as a possible source of toxigenic egc-positive S. aureus strains, in terms of potential risk of cross-infection and dissemination to other body sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kwapisz
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Garbacz
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Maja Kosecka-Strojek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Justyna Schubert
- Department of Food Hygiene and Consumer Health Protection, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Bania
- Department of Food Hygiene and Consumer Health Protection, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Międzobrodzki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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Michalik M, Samet A, Podbielska-Kubera A, Savini V, Międzobrodzki J, Kosecka-Strojek M. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) as a significant etiological factor of laryngological infections: a review. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2020; 19:26. [PMID: 32498711 PMCID: PMC7271473 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-020-00367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article shows that coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are widely responsible for laryngological diseases. General characteristics of CoNS infections are shown in the introduction, and the pathogenicity in terms of virulence determinants, biofilm formation and genetic regulation mechanisms of these bacteria is presented in the first part of the paper to better display the virulence potential of staphylococci. The PubMed search keywords were as follows: CoNS and: nares infections, nasal polyps, rhinosinusitis, necrosing sinusitis, periprosthetic joint infection, pharyngitis, osteomyelitis of skull and neck bones, tonsillitis and recurrent tonsillitis. A list of laryngological infections and those related to skull and neck bones was presented with descriptions of the following diseases: rhinosinusitis, necrotizing sinusitis, nasal polyps, nares and nasal skin infections, periprosthetic joint infections, osteomyelitis, pharyngitis, and tonsillitis. Species identification and diagnostic problems challenging for diagnosticians are presented. Concluding remarks regarding the presence of CoNS in humans and their distribution, particularly under the effect of facilitating factors, are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Savini
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology, Spirito Santo Hospital, Pescara, PE, Italy
| | - Jacek Międzobrodzki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maja Kosecka-Strojek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
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