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Mijin DŽ, Radišić MM, Šekuljica NŽ, Grgur BN. Electrochemical decolorization of C.I. Acid Orange 3 in the presence of sodium chloride at iridium oxide electrode. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0211-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kavas Ö, Altug C. Direct access to 1,4-benzothiazine 4,4-dioxides and 4-oxides via a domino reaction. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Zarrelli A, Dellagreca M, Iesce MR, Lavorgna M, Temussi F, Schiavone L, Criscuolo E, Parrella A, Previtera L, Isidori M. Ecotoxicological evaluation of caffeine and its derivatives from a simulated chlorination step. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 470-471:453-458. [PMID: 24148320 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Caffeine is ubiquitous in surface and ground waters and it has been proposed as a marker of the anthropogenic pressure on the environment. Sewage treatment plants based on active sludges seem to be not very efficient in its complete removal from effluents while additional disinfection treatments by chlorination are able to do it. In a simulation of the chlorination step herein we report that caffeine is transformed in six by-products: 8-chlorocaffeine, 1,3-dimethyl-5-azabarbituric acid, N,N'-dimethylparabanic acid, N,N'-dimethyloxalamide, N-methylurea and N,N'-dimethylurea. The ecotoxicity of caffeine and identified compounds was evaluated on the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus and the alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata to assess acute and chronic toxicity, while SOS Chromotest and Ames Test were used to detect the genotoxic potential of the investigated compounds. Moreover, we assessed the possible antigenotoxic effect of the selected compounds using SOS Chromotest after co-incubation with the standard genotoxin, 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide. Chronic exposure to these compounds caused inhibition of growth population on the rotifer while the algae seemed to be unaffected. Results indicated that caffeine (1), N,N'-dimethyloxamide (4) and N,N'-dimethylparabanic acid (5) reduced β-galactosidase activity in comparison with positive control, both at 1 and 5mg/L of 4-NQNO with a good dose-response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Zarrelli
- Udr Napoli 4 Consortium INCA, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marina Dellagreca
- Udr Napoli 4 Consortium INCA, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Iesce
- Udr Napoli 4 Consortium INCA, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Margherita Lavorgna
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Fabio Temussi
- Udr Napoli 4 Consortium INCA, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Schiavone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Emma Criscuolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Alfredo Parrella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Lucio Previtera
- Udr Napoli 4 Consortium INCA, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università Federico II di Napoli, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Isidori
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali, Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Seconda Università di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy
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Richardson SD. Environmental Mass Spectrometry: Emerging Contaminants and Current Issues. Anal Chem 2011; 84:747-78. [DOI: 10.1021/ac202903d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan D. Richardson
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, United States
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