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Barrientos-Bonilla AA, Pensado-Guevara PB, Puga-Olguín A, Nadella R, Sánchez-García ADC, Zavala-Flores LM, Villanueva-Olivo A, Cibrián-Llanderal IT, Rovirosa-Hernández MDJ, Hernandez-Baltazar D. BrdU does not induce hepatocellular damage in experimental Wistar rats. Acta Histochem 2024; 126:152117. [PMID: 38016413 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) is used in studies related to cell proliferation and neurogenesis. The multiple intraperitoneal injections of this molecule could favor liver function profile changes. In this study, we evaluate the systemic and hepatocellular impact of BrdU in male adult Wistar rats in 30 %-partial hepatectomy (PHx) model. The rats received BrdU 50 mg/Kg by intraperitoneal injection at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 16 days after 30 %-PH. The rats were distributed into four groups as follows, control, sham, PHx/BrdU(-) and PHx/BrdU(+). On day 16, we evaluated hepatocellular nuclei and analyzed histopathological features by haematoxylin-eosin stain and apoptotic profile was qualified by caspase-3 presence. The systemic effect was evaluated by liver markers such as alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (AP), bilirubin, total proteins and serum albumin content. The statistical analysis consisted of a student t-test and one-way ANOVA. BrdU did not induce apoptosis or hepatocellular damage in male rats. Multiple administrations of BrdU in male rats did not induce significant decrease body weight, but increased serum ALT and LDH levels were found. Our results show that the BrdU does not produce hepatocellular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abraham Puga-Olguín
- Unidad de Salud Integrativa, Centro de EcoAlfabetización y Diálogo de Saberes, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Arnulfo Villanueva-Olivo
- Departamento de Histología. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | | | | | - Daniel Hernandez-Baltazar
- Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico; Investigadoras e investigadores por México CONAHCyT-Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Mexico.
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Heme Oxygenase-1 Inhibits the Proliferation of Hepatic Stellate Cells by Activating PPARγ and Suppressing NF-κB. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8920861. [PMID: 35047060 PMCID: PMC8763483 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8920861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are reported to play significant roles in the development of liver fibrosis. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a key rate-limiting enzyme, which could decrease collagen synthesis and liver damage. Nevertheless, it was yet elusive towards the function and mechanism of HO-1. Methods An HO-1 inducer Hemin or an HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP-IX was used to treat the activated HSC-T6, respectively. MTT assay was adopted to detect cell proliferation. Immunocytochemical staining was employed to test the levels of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) levels in HSC-T6. HO-1, PPARγ, and NF-κB expression levels were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. ELISA was then used to detect the levels of transforming growth factor- (TGF-) beta 1 (TGF-β1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), serum hyaluronic acid (HA), and serum type III procollagen aminopeptide (PIIIP). Results HSC-T6 proliferation was inhibited in Hemin-treated HSCs. The levels of α-SMA, HA, and PIIIP and the production of ECM were lower in Hemin-treated HSCs, whereas those could be rescued by ZnPP-IX. NF-κB activation was decreased, but PPARγ expression was increased after HO-1 upregulation. Furthermore, the levels of TGF-β1 and IL-6, which were downstream of activated NF-κB in HSC-T6, were reduced. The PPAR-specific inhibitor GW9662 could block those mentioned effects. Conclusions Our data demonstrated that HO-1 induction could inhibit HSC proliferation and activation by regulating PPARγ expression and NF-κB activation directly or indirectly, which makes it a promising therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.
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Deng X, Wu Y, Xu H, Yan J, Liu H, Zhang B. Recent research progress in galactose-based fluorescent probes for detection of biomarkers of liver diseases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12518-12527. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04180d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This highlight illustrates the challenges and latest progress in galactose-based fluorescent probes for early diagnosis of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Deng
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yingxu Wu
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Hu Xu
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 16044, China
| | - Jiawei Yan
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Huanying Liu
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Boyu Zhang
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
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Sabang RL, Abu-Hishmeh M, Bodin R, Epelbaum O. Impact of Liver Transplantation on Carbon Monoxide Production as Measured by Arterial Carboxyhemoglobin Levels in Cirrhotic Patients with and without Hepatopulmonary Syndrome. Ann Transplant 2021; 26:e932009. [PMID: 34518507 PMCID: PMC8449510 DOI: 10.12659/aot.932009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic dysfunction is associated with increased production of carbon monoxide. End-stage liver disease patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) have been shown to have higher blood carbon monoxide levels than those without HPS. The impact of liver transplantation on blood carbon monoxide levels is currently unknown. We assessed the impact of liver transplantation on blood carbon monoxide and whether this is affected by HPS. MATERIAL AND METHODS Eligible liver transplant recipients had room air arterial blood gas testing performed before and after liver transplantation. The carboxyhemoglobin fraction was obtained from arterial co-oximetry and used as a surrogate for carboxyhemoglobin production. Mean arterial carboxyhemoglobin fraction before transplantation was compared to that after transplantation. Mean absolute and median relative pre- to post-transplant within-patient change in carboxyhemoglobin fraction was compared between those with and without HPS. RESULTS Thirty-nine transplanted cirrhotic patients were analyzed, of whom 14 (36%) met criteria for hepatopulmonary syndrome. The mean pre-transplant carboxyhemoglobin fraction was higher than the post-transplant fraction (2.6 vs 1.8, difference 0.8 [95% CI 0.4-1.2]; P value 0.0002). Of the 14 patients with HPS, 11 (79%) experienced a decrease in their carboxyhemoglobin fraction after liver transplantation; among the 25 patients without HPS, 16 (64%) experienced such a decrease (P=0.48). Neither the absolute nor relative within-patient pre- to post-transplant change in carboxyhemoglobin fraction was significantly different between patients with and without HPS. CONCLUSIONS Blood carbon monoxide levels decreased significantly in cirrhotic patients following liver transplantation, but HPS did not affect the magnitude of this change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph Llewel Sabang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Mohammad Abu-Hishmeh
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Roxana Bodin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Transplant Hepatology, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Oleg Epelbaum
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
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Yayeh T, Jeong HR, Park YS, Moon S, Sur B, Yoo HS, Oh S. Fumonisin B1-Induced Toxicity Was Not Exacerbated in Glutathione Peroxidase-1/Catalase Double Knock Out Mice. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2021; 29:52-57. [PMID: 32632050 PMCID: PMC7771844 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) structurally resembles sphingolipids and interferes with their metabolism leading to sphingolipid dysregulation. We questioned if FB1 could exacerbate liver or kidney toxicities in glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1) and catalase (Cat) knockout mice. While higher serum levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and sphinganine (Sa) were measured in Gpx1/Cat knockout mice (Gpx1/Cat KO) than wild type mice after 5 days of FB1 treatment, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), sphingosine-1 phosphate (So-1-P), and sphinganine-1 phosphate (Sa-1-P) were found to be relatively low. Although Sa was highly elevated in Gpx1/Cat KO mice and wild mice, lower levels of So and Sa were found in both the kidney and liver tissues of Gpx/Cat KO mice than wild type mice after FB1 treatment. Paradoxically, FB1-induced cellular apoptosis and necrosis were hastened under oxidative stress in Gpx1/Cat KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taddesse Yayeh
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar 5501, Ethiopia
| | - Ha Ram Jeong
- St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Yoon Soo Park
- St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Sohyeon Moon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongjun Sur
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Osong 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Seikwan Oh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
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Dram D, Zhao CZ, Ma QG, He JW, Duo JJ, Dan Z, Wei RR. Acute toxicity of Potentilla anserina L. extract in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 75:129-134. [DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Potentilla anserina L. is not only a medicinal plant, but also a traditional cuisine. Hence, an acute toxicity study was performed to confirm its safety profile. Forty Kunming mice were randomly divided into two groups: control group and P. anserina L. extract group. Using the maximum dosage method, the P. anserina L. extract group was given the maximum dose within 12 h, equivalent to 345.6 g/kg crude drug. The control group was given distilled water. After administration, toxicity symptoms of mice were observed, body weight and food intake were recorded. After 14 days, blood was collected to measure biochemical parameters, autopsy was carried out to observe the changes of organs, and the vital organs were separated, weighed, and preserved for histopathological examination. The results showed that P. anserina L. extract group had no toxic symptoms. The activity, weight, and diet of mice were normal, and no abnormality was found in organ index, renal function, liver function, anatomical observation, and histopathological examination. Therefore, the maximum oral dosage (345.6 g/kg) of P. anserina L. was good safety. This study indicated that P. anserina L. had a large safety range and the clinical application was safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dul Dram
- Tibetan Medicine Department , University of Tibetan Medicine , Lasa 850000 , PR China
| | - Cui-Zhu Zhao
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine , Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanchang 330004 , PR China
| | - Qin-Ge Ma
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine , Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanchang 330004 , PR China
| | - Jun-Wei He
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine , Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanchang 330004 , PR China
| | - Jia-Jie Duo
- Tibetan Medicine Department , University of Tibetan Medicine , Lasa 850000 , PR China
| | - Zhen Dan
- Tibetan Medicine Department , University of Tibetan Medicine , Lasa 850000 , PR China
| | - Rong-Rui Wei
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine , Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanchang 330004 , PR China
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Ding Y, Liu P, Chen ZL, Zhang SJ, Wang YQ, Cai X, Luo L, Zhou X, Zhao L. Emodin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Liver Injury via Inhibiting the TLR4 Signaling Pathway in vitro and in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:962. [PMID: 30186181 PMCID: PMC6113398 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Emodin is an anthraquinone with potential anti-inflammatory properties. However, the possible molecular mechanisms and protective effects of emodin are not clear. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms and protective effects of emodin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) via the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway in the Raw264.7 cell line and in Balb/c mice. Methods: This study established an inflammatory cellular model and induced an ALI animal model. TLR4 was overexpressed by lentivirus and downregulated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology. The mRNA and protein levels of TLR4 and downstream molecules were detected in cells and liver tissue. The tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in supernatant and serum were determined by ELISA. The distribution and expression of mannose receptor C type 1 (CD206) and arginase 1 (ARG1) in the liver were tested by immunofluorescence. Mouse liver function and histopathological observations were assessed. Results: Administration of emodin reduced the protein and/or mRNA levels of TLR4 and its downstream molecules following LPS challenge in Raw264.7 cells and in an animal model. Additionally, emodin suppressed the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in cell culture supernatant and serum. The inhibitory effect of emodin was also confirmed in RAW264.7 cells, in which TLR4 was overexpressed or knocked down. Additionally, ARG1 and CD206 were elevated in the emodin groups. Emodin also decreased serum ALT and AST levels and alleviated the liver histopathological damage induced by LPS. Conclusion: Emodin showed excellent hepatoprotective effects against LPS-induced ALI, possibly by inhibiting TLR4 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shao-Jun Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-throughput Drug Screening Technology, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - You-Qin Wang
- Graduate School of Jinzhou Medical University, Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xin Cai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Luo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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