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Liu X, Lai J, Zhang X, Wu A, Zhou L, Li Y, Huang Q, Huang X, Li H, Lan C, Liu J, Huang F, Wu J. Harmine promotes megakaryocyte differentiation and thrombopoiesis by activating the Rac1/Cdc42/JNK pathway through a potential target of 5-HTR2A. Phytother Res 2024. [PMID: 39152726 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Harmine (HM), a β-carboline alkaloid extracted from plants, is a crucial component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) known for its diverse pharmacological activities. Thrombocytopenia, a common and challenging hematological disorder, often coexists with serious illnesses. Previous research has shown a correlation between HM and thrombocytopenia, but the mechanism needs further elucidation. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms underlying the effects of HM on thrombocytopenia and to develop new therapeutic strategies. Flow cytometry, Giemsa staining, and Phalloidin staining were used to assess HM's impact on Meg-01 and HEL cell differentiation and maturation in vitro. A radiation-induced thrombocytopenic mouse model was employed to evaluate HM's effect on platelet production in vivo. Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and protein blotting were utilized to investigate HM's targets and mechanisms. The results demonstrated that HM dose-dependently promoted Meg-01 and HEL cell differentiation and maturation in vitro and restored platelet levels in irradiated mice in vivo. Subsequently, HM was found to be involved in the biological process of platelet production by upregulating the expressions of Rac1, Cdc42, JNK, and 5-HTR2A. Furthermore, the targeting of HM to 5-HTR2A and its correlation with downstream Rac1/Cdc42/JNK were also confirmed. In conclusion, HM regulates megakaryocyte differentiation and thrombopoiesis through the 5-HTR2A and Rac1/Cdc42/JNK pathways, providing a potential treatment strategy for thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jia Lai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yueyue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xinwu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hua Li
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Cai Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Feihong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Gao J, Yang X, Liang Y, Hu D. Identification of functional biomarkers of Peganum harmala and Hypericum perforatum using PCA-constructed secondary metabolite maps. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23565. [PMID: 38187327 PMCID: PMC10770567 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Peganum harmala L. (P. harmala), also known as Espand, Harmel, or Syrian rue, and Hypericum perforatum L. (H. perforatum), commonly known as St. John's wort, are two of the widely cultivated industrial crops and used worldwide in antihepatoma-related products. However, their main functional substances are still not clear, thus impeding the efficacy evaluations and quality controls of relative products around the world. In this work, the anti-hepatoma biomarkers of P. harmala and H. perforatum were clarified through the development of principal components analysis (PCA)-HPLC secondary metabolite mapping models. The chemical fingerprints of plant extracts were profiled by HPLC and then mapped to produce the secondary metabolite models using PCA. The models correlated the chemical information with the anti-hepatoma activities of plant extracts, thus indicating the functional inhibitors of P. harmala and H. perforatum against hepatoma cells. The activities of the identified compounds were validated by cytotoxic and apoptotic assays. The major inhibitors of P. harmala and H. perforatum against human hepatoma were determined to be harmine and quercetin, respectively. The IC50 values and the induced apoptotic rate of harmine on HepG2 cells were 20.7 ± 2.8 μM and 46.7 ± 3.5 %, respectively. The IC50 values and the induced apoptotic rate of quercetin on HepG2 cells were 49.5 ± 6.6 μM and 38.7 ± 2.6 %, respectively. In conclusion, the results significantly expanded the understanding of the biochemical foundations of P. harmala and H. perforatum, thus evidently supporting their current applications around the world. Moreover, harmine and quercetin could be used as biomarkers to evaluate the efficacy and quality of related products of industrial crops in therapeutic and health-improving applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ying Liang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health, Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyi Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics, Henan University of Science & Technology, Luoyang, China
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Lane TR, Harris J, Urbina F, Ekins S. Comparing LD 50/LC 50 Machine Learning Models for Multiple Species. ACS CHEMICAL HEALTH & SAFETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chas.2c00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Lane
- Collaborations Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 840 Main Campus Drive, Lab 3510, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Joshua Harris
- Collaborations Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 840 Main Campus Drive, Lab 3510, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Fabio Urbina
- Collaborations Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 840 Main Campus Drive, Lab 3510, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Sean Ekins
- Collaborations Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 840 Main Campus Drive, Lab 3510, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
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