Validation of Perceived Wellness Survey (PWS) in a Sample of Iranian Population

Association between Physical Fitness and Perceived Well-Being in Functionally Independent Community Dwelling Elderly of North-Eastern India

Background

Regular physical activity helps in independent living, prevention of chronic health problems and quality of life in the elderly. The aim of the study is to determinewhether physical fitness is associated with multiple dimensions of well-being in the community dwelling elderly.

Materials and Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the physical fitness and perceived wellness in 400 elderly (≥65 years) subjects. The Senior Fitness Test (SFT) for assessing functional/physical fitness and Perceived Wellness Survey (PWS) were used to assess their well-being. Bivariate correlation analysis was used for individual testsand multiple linear regressions were used to analyze relationship of wellness composite score with physical fitness test.

Results

284men and 116 women (mean ages 69.80±3.82 and67.25±2.57 years, respectively) were assessed for physical fitness tests and perceived wellness.'Arm-curl' and 'chair-sit' testsshowedlinear decrease in strength with increasing age. In 'back-scratch' and 'chair-sit and reach' tests lower limb flexibility was better than upper limb in all except the 65-69 year sub-group. Maximum time to perform the '8-feet up-and-go' test increased progressively with age, whereas '2-minute step' test showed a linear decrease in mean score with advancing age. Wellness composite score (14.54±2.31) inmaleswas maximum in the 75-79 year age-group, while in females it (15.26±2.29) was maximum in the 70-74 year age-group. Correlation analysis of physical fitness test with perception of wellness (composite score) showed significant association of 'arm-curl' test (p=0.012), 'back-scratch' test (p=0.0002), '8-feet up-and-go' test (p=0.005), '2-minute step' test (p=0.005) with the composite wellness score in the male participants, whereas in the females such significance was observed only in the '2 minute step' test (p=0.007) with the wellness score.

Conclusion

Screening of physical fitness and wellness are important measures in assessing wellness of community dwelling elderly, and in predicting theiroverall state of well-being, including age-specific comparison of fitness performance and wellness score.

Disparities of perceived wellness by smoking and professional status among young individuals in Brasov, Brasov County, Romania

Objective

We aimed to evaluate the association of risk factors such as smoking and professional status (students vs employed) as determinants of disparities in perceived wellness among Romanian individuals.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study in which 145 participants were enrolled from December 2017 to February 2018, in Brasov, Brasov County, Transylvania, Romania. We used a simplified Perceived Wellness Survey model to measure the holistic individual perceived wellness status by professional and smoking status. Basic descriptive and multivariate analyses of variance were used to assess and contrast participants' characteristics and wellness score distributions. A factor analysis was used to estimate Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin values and calculate standardized Cronbach's coefficients.

Results

The average age of our participants was 27.7 years. Compared with students, more employed participants tended to smoke electronic cigarettes (p < 0.0001). The association between professional status and perceived wellness was non-significant. Employed participants were nevertheless more likely to regard themselves as more proactive in dealing with emotional (p < 0.0001), environmental (p = 0.0042), and spiritual issues (p = 0.0039). Perceived physical wellness was statistically different by smoking status (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

Among our study participants, there is an association between smoking and perceived wellness. For emotional, environmental, and spiritual domains, employed participants are more likely to regard themselves as more confident. Our study demonstrates the direct application of the Perceived Wellness Survey model in predicting the disparities of perceived wellness among young individuals. It allows health agencies to target disparity interventions among populations with high risk of low perceived wellness.

Health and Rehabilitation Science specialities, physical activity and dimensions of wellness among the students of PNU

INTRODUCTION

The dimensions of wellness and engagement in physical activity both are crucial for a healthy lifestyle, adjustment, and attainment of professional excel among young female health students.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of the study is to determine adherence to physical activity and dimensions of wellness among students of the College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (n = 198).

DESIGN

This study is based on a Cross-sectional design.

SETTING

Students of College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study was carried out from May to December, 2018.

MATERIAL & METHODS

Perceived Wellness scale was used to measure six dimensions of wellness. The frequency of physical activity was measured by self-report 5-point Likert scale. Data was collected through survey research forms.

RESULTS

Results revealed that the physical wellness dimension was significantly correlated with all physical activity, exercising last year, social, intellectual, and overall wellness (p < .01) and with psychological, emotional, and spiritual wellness (p < .05). Furthermore, regression analysis confirmed the predictive relationship of frequency of physical activity and exercising last year (R2 = .113, F (2, 195) = 12.371, p < .01) with perceived wellness. The department-wise comparison of wellness perception revealed that all the departments score differently on various wellness dimensions.

CONCLUSION

Comprehensively, association with all dimensions of wellness and physical activity was found among students of the College of Health and Rehabilitation. It further validates the impact of their well-designed curriculum and encouragement to engage with a healthy lifestyle. Further programs can work out to dimensions of wellness where weakness was found to achieve overall wellness.

Self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes: Education intervention base on social cognitive theory

AIM

This study aimed to determine the effect of education intervention, based on social cognitive theory, on self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes.

METHODS

This study was conducted in descriptive and interventional stages. The effective factors and constructs of social cognitive theory were identified in a descriptive study (n = 320). After that, a quasi-experimental study was conducted to determine the effect of intervention on 120 diabetic patients whom were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The educational intervention was implemented in six 40 -minute sessions for the experimental group. The questionnaires were completed before, immediately after and three months after the intervention.

RESULTS

The results of regression showed that emotional adaptation (P < 0.05), self-efficacy to overcome barriers (P < 0.05) and self-regulation (P < 0.05) could predict self-care. There was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups before the educational intervention, however, after the intervention, there was a significant difference in self-care (p < 0.001), knowledge (p < 0.001), outcome expectations (p < 0.001), outcome value (p < 0.001), self-efficacy (p < 0.001), self-efficacy to overcome barriers(P < 0.001) p), environment (p < 0.001), observational learning (P < 0.05), situational perception (p < 0.001), self-regulation (p < 0.001) and emotional adaptation (p < 0.001)) in the intervention group.

CONCLUSION

The results of this study showed that intervention, based on social cognitive model, has a positive effect on diabetes self-care in the patients. Emotional adaptation, self-efficacy to overcome barriers and self-regulation have the biggest impact on diabetes self-care.

Beyond deficit and harm reduction: Incorporating the spectrum of wellness as an interpretive framework for cannabis consumption

The cannabis academic literature is informed by dominant deficit, public health and harm reduction frameworks. However, a large majority of cannabis consumption appears to place outside the scope of these models that prioritise the identification and limitation of negative impacts. As such there are apparent analytical blind spots pertaining to: non-problematic use of cannabis (as defined by Global Commission on Drug Policy); the intersection of medical and recreational intents of use; and pleasure. This paper explores the academic and grey literature relating to the spectrum of wellness to assess its suitability as a framework for cannabis scholars. For millennia cannabis use has been associated with wellness models, particularly at the nexus of mind, body, and spirit. Despite this seemingly obvious match, the academic literature that incorporates cannabis consumption patterns into wellness conceptions is thin. The spectrum of wellness has both advantages and disadvantages compared to existing models and may be useful as a complementary framework that allows for broader examination of cannabis consumer activity.

The Impact of a Mindfulness Intervention for Nurse Managers

Purpose: To examine the impact of a mindfulness intervention on nurse managers in an acute care hospital. Design: A pre/post intervention design with three data collection points: prior to, at the conclusion of, and at 3 months following the intervention. Method: A survey to measure the impact of a mindfulness workshops on nurse managers’ perception of professional quality of life, burnout, and perceived wellness. Findings: There were significant changes in the scores on the compassion satisfaction (T-1 mean 3.9, T-2 mean 4.5, p = .002) and burnout subscales (T-1 mean 3.4, T-2 mean 2.8, p = .016) of the Professional Quality of Life scale, and on personal burnout (T-1 mean 4.2, T-2 mean 3.8, p = .023) and work-related burnout (T-1 mean 4.0, T-2 mean 3.5, p = .029) on the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory scale, following the mindfulness intervention. The 3-month follow-up scores on compassion satisfaction were higher but not statistically significant ( p = .810). Scores on the burnout scales, while lower than the preintervention levels, were higher at the 3-month follow-up than immediately following the intervention. Conclusions: These findings suggest that mindfulness practices need to be reinforced. Without continuous reinforcement, it may become a self-care practice moved to the bottom of the list of things to be done among the activities of a busy day.