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Tan X, Liu L, Dong J, Huang M, Zhang J, Li Q, Wang H, Bai L, Cui M, Zhou Z, Wu D, Xiang Y, Li W, Wang D. Genome-wide detections for runs of homozygosity and selective signatures reveal novel candidate genes under domestication in chickens. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:485. [PMID: 38755540 PMCID: PMC11097469 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10349-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indigenous chickens were developed through a combination of natural and artificial selection; essentially, changes in genomes led to the formation of these modern breeds via admixture events. However, their confusing genetic backgrounds include a genomic footprint regulating complex traits, which is not conducive to modern animal breeding. RESULTS To better evaluate the candidate regions under domestication in indigenous chickens, we considered both runs of homozygosity (ROHs) and selective signatures in 13 indigenous chickens. The genomes of Silkie feather chickens presented the highest heterozygosity, whereas the highest inbreeding status and ROH number were found in Luhua chickens. Short ROH (< 1 Mb), were the principal type in all chickens. A total of 291 ROH islands were detected, and QTLdb mapping results indicated that body weight and carcass traits were the most important traits. An ROH on chromosome 2 covering VSTM2A gene was detected in 12 populations. Combined analysis with the Tajima's D index revealed that 18 genes (e.g., VSTM2A, BBOX1, and RYR2) were under selection and covered by ROH islands. Transcriptional analysis results showed that RYR2 and BBOX1 were specifically expressed in the heart and muscle tissue, respectively. CONCLUSION Based on genome-wide scanning for ROH and selective signatures, we evaluated the genomic characteristics and detected significant candidate genes covered by ROH islands and selective signatures. The findings in this study facilitated the understanding of genetic diversity and provided valuable insights for chicken breeding and conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Tan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Lu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Jinhua Jinfan Feed Co., Ltd, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321000, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Minjie Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Jiawen Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Qinghai Li
- Animal Husbandry Institute, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Animal Husbandry Institute, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Lijuan Bai
- Zhejiang Animal Husbandry Technology Extension and Breeding Livestock and Poultry Monitoring Station, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Ming Cui
- Zhejiang Animal Husbandry Technology Extension and Breeding Livestock and Poultry Monitoring Station, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhou
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - De Wu
- Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinhua Development Zone, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321000, China
| | - Yun Xiang
- Jinhua Jinfan Feed Co., Ltd, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321000, China.
| | - Weifen Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
| | - Deqian Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
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Ke Y, Khaliq H, Jiafu L, Waqas MY, Javid MA, Basit MA, Bhatti SA, Saleem MU, Farooq AA, Murtaza S. Distribution and developmental changes of IL-21 immunopositive cells in the bursa of Fabricius of Jinhu silky chicken. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 341:41-47. [PMID: 37877181 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Bursa of Fabricius (BOF) is a unique immune organ of birds. It is the place where lymphocytes develop, differentiate and mature. Young chicken BOF is susceptible to infection and damage, and even atrophy, causing immune suppression, and bringing huge economic losses to chicken production. Therefore, studying the regulatory mechanism of chicken bursa development is of great practical significance for disease prevention and diagnosis. Jinhu silky chicken (JSC) is a local excellent breed in the Fujian Province of China and with strong disease resistance. However, studies on the disease resistance of JSC are scarce. This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for reproduction and disease control of JSC. Developmental features of the structure and the IL-21-positive cell (IL-21 PC) distribution on the BOF in JSC were measured from 7 to 300 days of age. Bursas of chicken (n = 36) were taken at 7, 35, 70, 150, 240, and 300 days of age for preparation of paraffin sections and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry. The microstructure of JSC's BOF was similar to that of other poultry. The cortical-medullary boundary of the bursa nodule was not obvious at 7 days of age, but it was evident after 35 days of age. Before 70 days of age, IL-21 positive cells (PC) were scattered on the BOF. At 150 days of age, the number of IL-21 PC in the bursa were the highest and the nuclei were clear. The level of IL-21 PC gradually decreased with age. The BOF degenerated and disappeared in 300-day-old JSC. The histological structure of the BOF was similar to that of other poultry. IL-21 PC were widespread in the BOF at different ages, but the numbers were different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Ke
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Haseeb Khaliq
- Department of Anatomy & Histology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Lin Jiafu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Health College, Fuzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Yasir Waqas
- Department of Physiology & Biochemistry, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad Javid
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdul Basit
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Sheraz Ahmed Bhatti
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Saleem
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Asim Farooq
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Murtaza
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
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Xu D, Zhu W, Wu Y, Wei S, Shu G, Tian Y, Du X, Tang J, Feng Y, Wu G, Han X, Zhao X. Whole-genome sequencing revealed genetic diversity, structure and patterns of selection in Guizhou indigenous chickens. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:570. [PMID: 37749517 PMCID: PMC10521574 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09621-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The eight phenotypically distinguishable indigenous chicken breeds in Guizhou province of China are great resources for high-quality development of the poultry industry in China. However, their full value and potential have yet to be understood in depth. To illustrate the genetic diversity, the relationship and population structure, and the genetic variation patterns shaped by selection in Guizhou indigenous chickens, we performed a genome-wide analysis of 240 chickens from 8 phenotypically and geographically representative Guizhou chicken breeds and 60 chickens from 2 commercial chicken breeds (one broiler and one layer), together with 10 red jungle fowls (RJF) genomes available from previous studies. RESULTS The results obtained in this present study showed that Guizhou chicken breed populations harbored higher genetic diversity as compared to commercial chicken breeds, however unequal polymorphisms were present within Guizhou indigenous chicken breeds. The results from the population structure analysis markedly reflected the breeding history and the geographical distribution of Guizhou indigenous chickens, whereas, some breeds with complex genetic structure were ungrouped into one cluster. In addition, we confirmed mutual introgression within Guizhou indigenous chicken breeds and from commercial chicken breeds. Furthermore, selective sweep analysis revealed candidate genes which were associated with specific and common phenotypic characteristics evolved rapidly after domestication of Guizhou local chicken breeds and economic traits such as egg production performance, growth performance, and body size. CONCLUSION Taken together, the results obtained from the comprehensive analysis of the genetic diversity, genetic relationships and population structures in this study showed that Guizhou indigenous chicken breeds harbor great potential for commercial utilization, however effective conservation measures are currently needed. Additionally, the present study drew a genome-wide selection signature draft for eight Guizhou indigenous chicken breeds and two commercial breeds, as well as established a resource that can be exploited in chicken breeding programs to manipulate the genes associated with desired phenotypes. Therefore, this study will provide an essential genetic basis for further research, conservation, and breeding of Guizhou indigenous chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, MinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairs, College of Animal Science and Technology(Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, MinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairs, College of Animal Science and Technology(Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Youhao Wu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, MinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairs, College of Animal Science and Technology(Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Wei
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, MinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairs, College of Animal Science and Technology(Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Gang Shu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaofu Tian
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, MinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairs, College of Animal Science and Technology(Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, MinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairs, College of Animal Science and Technology(Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China
| | - Jigao Tang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yulong Feng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Gemin Wu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xue Han
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics, MinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairs, College of Animal Science and Technology(Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding), Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P. R. China.
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