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Thirumeignanam D, Chellapandian M, Arulnathan N, Parthiban S, Kumar V, Vijayakumar MP, Chauhan S. Evaluation of Natural Antimicrobial Substances Blend as a Replacement for Antibiotic Growth Promoters in Broiler Chickens: Enhancing Growth and Managing Intestinal Bacterial Diseases. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:55. [PMID: 38191691 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03573-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, commercial use of antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) has restrictions due to drug resistance against intestinal pathogenic bacteria: Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Clostridium perfringens. Currently there is no single non-antibiotic treatment approach that is effective against intestinal illnesses in broiler chicken. Hence, present study aimed to analyze efficacy of blend of natural antimicrobial substances (probiotics, prebiotics, organic acids, and essential oils blend named as AGPR) as replacers of AGPs (BMD and CTC) for promoting growth and controlling bacterial diseases in aforementioned three microbes challenged broiler chickens. Effects of treatments (5) and microbes (3) on growth and health performances in experimental birds were analyzed using two factorial ANOVA. Health performance like pathogen loads, morbidity and mortality was considerably reduced by AGPR. Similarly small intestine villi morphometry, nutrition utilization, serum immune response, and carcass yield, was improved significantly by AGPR equivalent to AGPs. Further, growth performance like body weight gain, feed efficiency was also improved by AGPR compared to control but, non-significantly. Among three microbes, E. coli infections had higher morbidity and mortality rates. It was concluded that AGPR blend could be used to improve growth and control the intestinal bacterial infections in broiler chickens as an alternative for AGPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duraisamy Thirumeignanam
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tirunelveli, 627 358, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - Mahalingam Chellapandian
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tirunelveli, 627 358, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Natarajan Arulnathan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tirunelveli, 627 358, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sivamurthy Parthiban
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tirunelveli, 627 358, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Veluchamy Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tirunelveli, 627 358, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M Panchatcharam Vijayakumar
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tirunelveli, 627 358, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sunil Chauhan
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tirunelveli, 627 358, Tamilnadu, India
- Animal Nutrition Division, M/S Jubilant Life Sciences Ltd, C-26 Sector-59, Noida, 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bilal RM, Hassan FU, Rafeeq M, Farag MR, Abd El-Hack ME, Madkour M, Alagawany M. Use of Cinnamon and its Derivatives in Poultry Nutrition. ANTIBIOTIC ALTERNATIVES IN POULTRY AND FISH FEED 2022:52-65. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815049015122010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The recent trend toward banning the use of antibiotics in poultry feed as a
growth promoter directs the scientific community to look for natural alternatives with
potential growth-promoting and immunomodulating properties. Phytogenic feed
additives have attracted significant attention as alternatives to antibiotics to improve
growth performance and enhance immune responses. They have anti-inflammatory,
antioxidant, antiviral, and antifungal properties, depending on their chemical structure
and composition. Scientists are using these non-conventional ingredients as feed
additives in the form of oil or powder. Essential oils (EO) are volatile liquids produced
from aromatic plants. Their application has gained momentum in controlling
cholesterol as free radical scavengers, anti-microbials, antifungals, and stimulants of
digestive enzymes. EO's possible antimicrobial features against harmful pathogens are
primarily associated with the high content of volatile components in oils. The current
chapter highlights the beneficial impact of cinnamon oil as a feed additive on poultry
growth performance, meat quality, carcass traits, and its hypo-cholesterolaemic impact,
antioxidant act, microbiological aspects, and immunomodulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana M. Bilal
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur,Bahawalpur,Pakistan
| | | | | | - Mayada R. Farag
- Zagazig University,Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department,Zagazig,Egypt
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Cinnamon ( Cinnamomum zeylanicum) Oil as a Potential Alternative to Antibiotics in Poultry. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9050210. [PMID: 32357577 PMCID: PMC7277619 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9050210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The removal of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) as feed additives in poultry nutrition from the market in many countries has compelled researchers to find unconventional and safe alternatives to AGPs. Probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, organic acids, herbs, immune-stimulants and essential oils (EO) have been investigated as feed additives in poultry production. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), one of the oldest medicinal plants and widely used around the world, can be used in poultry rations in the form of powder or essential oil. Essential oils produced from aromatic plants have become more interesting owing to their potential effects as hypocholesterolaemic agents, antioxidants, antimicrobials, antifungals and stimulants of digestive enzymes. The potential insecticidal and antimicrobial activities of EO against pathogens that cause spoilage in agriculture crops and human diseases might be attributed mainly to the high content of volatile components (mainly cinnamaldehyde, eugenol and carvacrol) in cinnamon oil. The present review focuses on the effects of cinnamon oil as a feed additive on poultry performance, carcass traits, meat quality, hypocholesterolaemic impact, antioxidant activity, immunity and microbiological aspects.
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Ahsan U, Kuter E, Raza I, Köksal BH, Cengiz Ö, Yıldız M, Kızanlık PK, Kaya M, Tatlı O, Sevim Ö. Dietary Supplementation of Different Levels of Phytogenic Feed Additive in Broiler Diets: The Dynamics of Growth Performance, Caecal Microbiota, and Intestinal Morphometry. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- U Ahsan
- Adnan Menderes University, Turkey
| | - E Kuter
- Adnan Menderes University, Turkey
| | - I Raza
- Adnan Menderes University, Turkey
| | | | - Ö Cengiz
- Adnan Menderes University, Turkey
| | - M Yıldız
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Turkey
| | | | - M Kaya
- Adnan Menderes University, Turkey
| | - O Tatlı
- Adnan Menderes University, Turkey
| | - Ö Sevim
- Adnan Menderes University, Turkey
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Fascina VB, Pasquali GAM, Carvalho FB, Muro EM, Vercese F, Aoyagi MM, Pezzato AC, Gonzales E, Sartori JR. Effects of Phytogenic Additives and Organic Acids, alone or in combination, on the Performance, Intestinal Quality and Immune Responses of Broiler Chickens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - EM Muro
- São Paulo State University, Brazil
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Kim SJ, Lee KW, Kang CW, An BK. Growth Performance, Relative Meat and Organ Weights, Cecal Microflora, and Blood Characteristics in Broiler Chickens Fed Diets Containing Different Nutrient Density with or without Essential Oils. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 29:549-54. [PMID: 26949956 PMCID: PMC4782090 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate whether dietary essential oils could affect growth performance, relative organ weights, cecal microflora, immune responses and blood profiles of broiler chickens fed on diets containing different nutrient densities. A total of eight hundred-forty 1-d-old male broiler chicks were randomly allotted into twenty-eight pens (7 pens per treatment, 30 chicks per pen). There were four experimental diets containing two different nutrient densities and supplemented with or without essential oils. Experimental period lasted for 35 days. No clear interaction between nutrient density and essential oils on any of growth performance-related parameters was observed. Live body weights were affected (p<0.05) by nutrient density at 21 days and by dietary essential oils at 35 days. Essential oils significantly (p<0.05) increased daily body weight gain and feed conversion ratio during the periods of 22 to 35 and 1 to 35 days, but failed to affect feed intake during the entire experimental period. Daily weight gain at 1 to 21 days and feed intake at 1 to 21 and 1 to 35 days were significantly impaired (p<0.05) by nutrient density. There were significant treatment interactions (p<0.05) on relative weights of bursa of Fabricius and abdominal fat contents. Finally, either essential oil or nutrient density did not influence the relative percentages of breast and leg meats, the population of cecal microflora, blood parameters and antibody titers against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis in broiler chickens. It was concluded that dietary essential oils, independent to nutrient density, failed to stimulate feed intake, but increased growth performance in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Jin Kim
- Laboratory of Poultry Science, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea ; Yuhan Corp, Seoul 06927, Korea
| | - Kyung-Woo Lee
- Laboratory of Poultry Science, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Chang-Won Kang
- Laboratory of Poultry Science, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Byoung-Ki An
- Laboratory of Poultry Science, Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Hafeez A, Männer K, Schieder C, Zentek J. Effect of supplementation of phytogenic feed additives (powdered vs. encapsulated) on performance and nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2016; 95:622-9. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Taghinejad-Roudbaneh M, Babaee MJ, Afrooziyeh M, Alizadeh B. Estimation of dietary threonine requirement for growth and immune responses of broilers. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2013.795896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Amad A, Männer K, Wendler K, Neumann K, Zentek J. Effects of a phytogenic feed additive on growth performance and ileal nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2011; 90:2811-6. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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