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Kaliapan K, Mazlin SNA, Chua KO, Rejab NA, Mohd-Yusuf Y. Secreted in Xylem (SIX) genes in Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) unravels the potential biomarkers for early detection of Fusarium wilt disease. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:271. [PMID: 38767679 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Secreted in Xylem (SIX) are small effector proteins released by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) into the plant's xylem sap disrupting the host's defence responses causing Fusarium wilt disease resulting in a significant decline in banana crop yields and economic losses. Notably, different races of Foc possess unique sets of SIX genes responsible for their virulence, however, these genes remain underutilized, despite their potential as biomarkers for early disease detection. Herein, we identified seven SIX genes i.e. SIX1, SIX2, SIX4, SIX6, SIX8a, SIX9a and SIX13 present in Foc Tropical Race 4 (FocTR4), while only SIX9b in Foc Race 1 (Foc1). Analysis of SIX gene expression in infected banana roots revealed differential patterns during infection providing valuable insights into host-pathogen interactions, virulence level, and early detection time points. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis of virulent Foc1_C2HIR and FocTR4_C1HIR isolates yielded informative genomic insights. Hence, these discoveries contribute to our comprehension of potential disease control targets in these plants, as well as enhancing plant diagnostics and breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kausalyaa Kaliapan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nur Akmar Mazlin
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kah Ooi Chua
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Ardiyana Rejab
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yusmin Mohd-Yusuf
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Glami Lemi Biotechnology Research Centre Universiti Malaya, 71650, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
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Laganà A. The Architecture of a Precision Oncology Platform. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1361:1-22. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91836-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kim JA, Vetrivel P, Kim SM, Ha SE, Kim HH, Bhosale PB, Heo JD, Lee WS, Senthil K, Kim GS. Quantitative Proteomics Analysis for the Identification of Differential Protein Expression in Calf Muscles between Young and Old SD Rats Using Mass Spectrometry. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:7422-7433. [PMID: 33778255 PMCID: PMC7992086 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with loss of muscle mass and strength that leads to a condition termed sarcopenia. Impaired conditions, morbidity, and malnutrition are the factors of devaluation of muscle fibers in aged animals. Satellite cells play an important role in maintaining muscle homeostasis during tissue regeneration and repair. Proteomic profiling on the skeletal muscle tissues of different age group rats helps to determine the differentially expressed (DE) proteins, which may eventually lead to the development of biomarkers in treating the conditions of sarcopenia. In this study, nanoscale liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS/MS) analysis was implemented in the calf tissues of young and old groups of rats. The mass spectrometry (MS) analysis revealed the presence of 335 differentially expressed proteins between the two different age conditions, among which those based on log-fold change 25 proteins were upregulated and 77 were downregulated. The protein-protein interaction network analysis revealed 18 upregulated proteins with three distinct interconnected networks and 57 downregulated proteins with two networks. Further, gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed the biological process, cellular component, and molecular function of the differential proteins. Pathway enrichment analysis of the DE proteins identified nine significantly enriched pathways with a list of eight significant genes (Cryab, Hspb2, Acat1, Ak1, Adssl1, Anxa5, Gys1, Ogdh, Gc, and Adssl1). Quantification of significant genes by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) confirmed the downregulation at the mRNA level. Western blot analysis of their protein expression showed concordant results on two candidate proteins (Ogdh and annexin 5) confirming their differential regulation between the two age groups of rats. Thus, these proteomic approaches on young and aged rats provide insights into the development of protein targets in the treatment of sarcopenia (muscle loss).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin A. Kim
- Department
of Physical Therapy, International University
of Korea, Jinju 52833, Republic of Korea
| | - Preethi Vetrivel
- Research
Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Min Kim
- Research
Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Ha
- Research
Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Hwan Kim
- Research
Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Pritam Bhagwan Bhosale
- Research
Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Doo Heo
- Gyeongnam
Department of Environment Toxicology and Chemistry, Toxicity Screening
Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Munsan-eup, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sup Lee
- Department
of Internal Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National
University Hospital, Gyeongsang National
University School of Medicine, Jinju 660-702, Republic
of Korea
| | - Kalaiselvi Senthil
- Department
of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for
Women, Coimbatore 641043, India
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Research
Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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