Shah FH, Kim SJ. Identification of medicinal compounds as potential inhibitors for mutated isocitrate dehydrogenases against chondrosarcoma.
Saudi J Biol Sci 2022;
29:161-167. [PMID:
35002404 PMCID:
PMC8716869 DOI:
10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.077]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Virtual screening of 5000 novel medicinal compounds procured two compounds (5-galloylquinic acid and artocarpetin) capable of establishing interaction with both mutated IDH1 and IDH2 proteins implicated in chondrosarcoma.
Cell lining prediction studies revealed that both 5-galloylquinic acid and artocarpetin sensitizes chondrosarcoma cell lines and has good cytotoxic influence on CHSA8926 and CHSA0011 cells.
These compounds possess high acute toxicity values to incite adverse reaction and organ damage in rodents.
ITGAV, CAPRIN-1, CCL5 COG5 and TNFRSF10B gene are successfully downregulated that are involved in the metastasis inflammation and chondrogenesis by these compounds.
TP53 expression enhancer, free radical scavenger, MAP kinase stimulant, MM9 expression inhibitor and chemo preventive agent were some biological properties predicted by Prediction of Activity Spectra for substances (PASS) database.
Artocarpetin had good ADME and druglikness properties as compared to 5-galloylquinic acid, as this compound had low bioavailability score and one lipinski violation for druglikness.
Chondrosarcoma is the third most common cartilaginous bone tumour that is insusceptible to radio- and chemotherapy and it is inclined to metastasis. These resistant qualities are facilitated by mutant variants of isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDH) 1–2 enzyme. These mutant enzymes promote oncogenesis of chondrocytes by changing their epigenetic wardrobe leading to tumour formation. Presently, there are lack of drugs available to be exploited as a remedy for this disease. On the other hand, majority of chemotherapeutic drugs induce cytotoxicity in the cancer cells at the cost of harming surrounding healthy cells, jeopardizing human life. The current study is focused on screening various medicinal compounds against IDH1 and IDH2 combined with insilico gene expression, cancer cells cytotoxicity and ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) studies to elucidate the molecular mechanism against chondrosarcoma and also to uncover pharmacokinetic profile of these compounds. Screening of 5000+ compounds filtered two efficacious compounds (Artocarpetin and 5-Galloylquinic acid) capable of establishing hydrogen bond connections with both IDH variants. Other studies showed that these compounds downregulate ITGAV, CARPIN1, CCL5 and COG5 and TNFRSF10B gene that reduces chondrogenesis and inflammation, Artocarpetin and 5-galloylquinic acid are TP53 expression enhancer and inhibit MM9 expression that promote immunomodulation and apoptosis in these cancers. These compounds are both active against CHSA8926 and CHSA011 cell line of chondrosarcoma. However, the ADME profile of 5-galloylquinic acid is slightly unsatisfactory based on druglikness and bioavailability score criteria as compared to artocarpetin. Both of these compounds are class-5 chemicals and require high doses to elicit adverse response. Our results suggest that artocarpetin and 5-galloylquinic acid are efficacious drug candidates and could be further exploited to validate these findings in vitro.
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