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OUP accepted manuscript. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2022; 30:143-152. [DOI: 10.1093/ijpp/riac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Rough S, Shane R, Armitstead JA, Belford SM, Brummond PW, Chen D, Collins CM, Dalton H, Dopp AL, Estevez MM, Hager DR, Halbach B, Hays R, Knoer S, Kotis D, Montgomery D, Plummer B, Riester MR, Schreier DJ, Simonson D, Siska MH, Waier K, Vermeulen LC. The high-value pharmacy enterprise framework: Advancing pharmacy practice in health systems through a consensus-based, strategic approach. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2021; 78:498-510. [DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxaa431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractPurposeThe high-value pharmacy enterprise (HVPE) framework and constituent best practice consensus statements are presented, and the methods used to develop the framework’s 8 domains are described.SummaryA panel of pharmacy leaders used an evidence- and expert opinion–based approach to define core and aspirational elements of practice that should be established within contemporary health-system pharmacy enterprises by calendar year 2025. Eight domains of an HVPE were identified: Patient Care Services; Business Services; Ambulatory and Specialty Pharmacy Services; Inpatient Operations; Safety and Quality; Pharmacy Workforce; Information Technology, Data, and Information Management; and Leadership. Phase 1 of the project consisted of the development of draft practice statements, performance elements, and supporting evidence for each domain by panelists, followed by a phase 2 in-person meeting for review and development of consensus for statements and performance elements in each domain. During phase 3, the project cochairs and panelists finalized the domain drafts and incorporated them into a full technical report and this summary report.ConclusionThe HVPE framework is a strategic roadmap to advance pharmacy practice by ensuring safe, effective, and patient-centered medication management and business practices throughout the health-system pharmacy enterprise. Grounded in evidence and expert recommendations, the statements and associated performance elements can be used to identify strategic priorities to improve patient outcomes and add value within health systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rita Shane
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, and UCSF School of Pharmacy, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | - David Chen
- American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ryan Hays
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Scott Knoer
- American Pharmacists Association, Washington, DC
| | - Desi Kotis
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, and UCSF Health, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kelsey Waier
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, and UCSF Health, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lee C Vermeulen
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, and UK HealthCare, Lexington, KY
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Nguyen-Thi HY, Nguyen-Ngoc TT, Do-Tran MT, Do DV, Pham LD, Le NDT. Job satisfaction of clinical pharmacists and clinical pharmacy activities implemented at Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245537. [PMID: 33481846 PMCID: PMC7822262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) in Vietnam pioneered the practice of clinical pharmacy; however, hospitals in HCMC have faced numerous challenges that might influence the job satisfaction of clinical pharmacists (CPs). Additionally, there have been no official statistics about clinical pharmacy activities that have been reported so far. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the current status of the clinical pharmacy profession and to analyze the key factors affecting job satisfaction of CPs in HCMC. This was a cross-sectional study. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to all the CPs in all the 128 hospitals in HCMC via an online survey tool from May to June 2020. Only about 30% of the respondents were full-time CPs. The percentage of CPs participating in clinical wards was relatively low (52.79%). “Provide drug information for patients and medical employees” was the most common clinical pharmacy activity, with the percentage of CPs participating in it being nearly 90%. Overall, 74.1% of the 197 CPs surveyed were satisfied with their current job. The factors that they were satisfied with the most and the least were “Inter & Intra professional relationships” (95.9%) and “Income” (59.9%), respectively. The only demographic and work-related characteristic that had a statistically significant association with overall job satisfaction was “Ward round participation”. Most clinical pharmacy tasks noted a high rate of participation from the CPs. Nevertheless, hospitals in HCMC was found to be experiencing a shortage of CPs and low levels of participation of CPs in ward rounds, and most CPs were unable to completely focus on clinical pharmacy tasks. Regarding CPs’ job satisfaction-related aspects, income and ward round participation appear to be the two factors that should be increased, in order to enhance CPs’ job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yen Nguyen-Thi
- Pharmaceutical Administration Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- * E-mail:
| | - Thuy-Tram Nguyen-Ngoc
- Pharmaceutical Administration Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Minh-Thu Do-Tran
- Pharmaceutical Administration Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dung Van Do
- Ho Chi Minh City Department of Health, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Luyen Dinh Pham
- Pharmaceutical Administration Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Dang Tu Le
- Pharmaceutical Administration Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Ivey MF. Global opportunity: Pharmacists working together to improve patient care. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2020; 76:869-872. [PMID: 31506702 DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/zxz071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne F Ivey
- James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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Law MG, Marriott J, Usifoh C, Acheampong F, Muungo L, Adome RO, Monera-Penduka TG, Ndzabala N, Eckel SF. An analysis of hospital pharmacy practice in six countries of sub-Saharan Africa based on the International Pharmaceutical Federation Basel Statements on the future of hospital pharmacy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2019; 27:528-535. [DOI: 10.1111/ijpp.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The objective of this study was to update the self-assessment tool and to evaluate current hospital pharmacy practices in six sub-Saharan African countries.
Methods
Questions in the validated survey were edited if the revised Basel Statement changed intent. A total of 13 updates were made. The survey was administered via e-mail to pharmacy personnel in any hospital centre in Ghana (258 total hospitals), Nigeria (17 038 total hospitals), Malawi (499 total hospitals), Uganda (155 total hospitals), Zambia (98 total hospitals) and Zimbabwe (1389 total hospitals). Snowball sampling increased reach of the survey across each country.
Key findings
Responses were received from all six countries, with nine respondents from Ghana, 15 from Nigeria, two from Malawi, five from Uganda, nine from Zambia and four from Zimbabawe. Uganda had the highest achievement rates for tier one and tier three constructs, and Ghana had the highest achievement rate for tier two constructs. Malawi showed the lowest achievement rates in all three tiers. The six countries achieved an average of 82 per cent (SD = 24) of tier one constructs. Three tier one constructs were achieved less than 25 per cent of the time.
Conclusion
Multiple tier one (minimum standards in hospital pharmacy practice) constructs were achieved greater than 90% of the time, possibly reflecting efforts made towards hospital pharmacy practice advancement in select countries of sub-Saharan Africa. Additionally, all countries achieved a majority of tier one overarching constructs. Despite these achievements, there are still many areas for growth, including select tier one constructs with low achievement rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda G Law
- Howard University College of Pharmacy, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jennifer Marriott
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Cyril Usifoh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Tsitsi G Monera-Penduka
- c/o Drug and Toxicology Information Services, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences School of Pharmacy, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe
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Sakeena MHF, Bennett AA, McLachlan AJ. The Need to Strengthen the Role of the Pharmacist in Sri Lanka: Perspectives. PHARMACY 2019; 7:E54. [PMID: 31195755 PMCID: PMC6631506 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy7020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the pharmacist in healthcare has evolved greatly over the last half-century, from dispensing to providing direct patient-oriented activities not associated with dispensing. However, pharmacist-led healthcare services in Sri Lanka must undergo reform to fully take advantage of their expertise and training in medicine management and related outcomes in Sri Lankan patients. As befits a profession's role development and value, professional and educational standards for pharmacists need ongoing development and growth. Currently, university curricula and continuing professional education in Sri Lanka require further development and optimisation to provide the theoretical and practical knowledge and skills regarding quality use of medicines and patient-oriented care. Furthermore, pharmacists' roles in Sri Lankan hospital and community pharmacist settings need to be recognised and should include the pharmacist as an integral part of the multidisciplinary healthcare team in Sri Lanka. Studies from developed countries and some developing countries have demonstrated that expanded pharmacists' roles have had a significant positive cost-effective impact on the population's health. Therefore, the availability of qualified Sri Lankan pharmacists trained to deliver expanded professional services accompanied by greater pharmacist integration into healthcare delivery is crucially important to ensure quality use of medicines within the Sri Lankan healthcare system and optimise the medication-related needs of Sri Lankans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H F Sakeena
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya KY 20400, Sri Lanka.
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
| | | | - Andrew J McLachlan
- Sydney Pharmacy School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
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Trinh HT, Nguyen HTL, Pham VTT, Ba HL, Dong PTX, Cao TTB, Nguyen HTH, Brien JA. Hospital clinical pharmacy services in Vietnam. Int J Clin Pharm 2018; 40:1144-1153. [PMID: 29627872 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-018-0633-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background Clinical pharmacy is key to the quality use of medicines. While there are different approaches in different countries, international perspectives may inform health service development. The Vietnamese Ministry of Health introduced a legal regulation of clinical pharmacy services in December 2012. Objective To describe the services, and to explore reported barriers and facilitators in implementing clinical pharmacy activities in Vietnamese hospitals after the introduction of Vietnamese Ministry of Health legal regulation. Setting Thirty-nine hospitals in Hanoi, Vietnam, including 22 provincial and 17 district hospitals. Method A mixed methods study was utilized. An online questionnaire was sent to the hospitals. In-depth interviews were conducted with pairs of nominated pharmacists at ten of these hospitals. The questionnaire focused on four areas: facilities, workforce, policies and clinical pharmacy activities. Main outcome measure Proportion of clinical pharmacy activities in hospitals. Themes in clinical pharmacy practice. Results 34/39 (87%) hospitals had established clinical pharmacy teams. Most activities were non-patient-specific (87%) while the preliminary patient-specific clinical pharmacy services were available in only 8/39 hospitals (21%). The most common non-patient-specific activities were providing medicines information (97%), reporting adverse drug reactions (97%), monitoring medication usage (97%). The patient specific activities varied widely between hospitals and were ad hoc. The main challenges reported were: lack of workforce and qualified clinical pharmacists. Conclusion While most hospitals had hospital-based pharmacy activities, the direct patient care was limited. Training, education and an expanded work forces are needed to improve clinical pharmacy services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hieu T Trinh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Huong T L Nguyen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van T T Pham
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hai L Ba
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Phuong T X Dong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thao T B Cao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hanh T H Nguyen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Jo-Anne Brien
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Iorga M, Dondaș C, Soponaru C, Antofie I. Determinants of Hospital Pharmacists' Job Satisfaction in Romanian Hospitals. PHARMACY 2017; 5:E66. [PMID: 29232878 PMCID: PMC5748547 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy5040066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study is to identify the level of job satisfaction among hospital pharmacists in Romania in relation to environmental, socio-demographic, and individual factors. Material and Methods: Seventy-eight hospital pharmacists were included in the research. The Job Satisfaction Scale was used to measure the level of satisfaction with their current jobs, and the TAS-20 was used to evaluate emotional experience and awareness. Additionally, 12 items were formulated in order to identify the reasons for dissatisfaction with jobs, such as budget, number of working hours, legislation, relationships with colleagues, hospital departments, or stakeholders. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 23. Results: The analyses of the data revealed a low level of satisfaction regarding the pay-promotion subscale, a high level of satisfaction with the management-interpersonal relationship dimension, and a high level of satisfaction regarding the organization-communication subscale. Seventy-four percent of subjects are dissatisfied about the annual budget, and 86.3% are not at all satisfied with present legislation. Conclusions: These results are important for hospital pharmacists and hospital management in order to focus on health policies, management, and environmental issues, with the purpose of increasing the level of satisfaction among hospital pharmacists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Iorga
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", Iasi 700115, Romania.
| | - Corina Dondaș
- Department of Career Counseling, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", Iasi 700115, Romania.
| | - Camelia Soponaru
- Department of Psychology, University "Alexandru Ioan Cuza", Iasi 700506, Romania.
| | - Ioan Antofie
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, C.F. Hospital, Cluj-Napoca 599597, Romania.
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Vermeulen LC. Transcending borders, surpassing boundaries. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2017; 74:593-597. [PMID: 28389459 DOI: 10.2146/ajhp161024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lee C Vermeulen
- Center for Health Services Research, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY.
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Global developments in hospital pharmacy: the revised Basel statements. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE AND RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jppr.1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Cobaugh DJ, Chen TF, Frontini R, Hail MA, Hattingh J, Kurosawa N, Savio E. Advancing responsible use of medicines globally: The revised Basel Statements. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2016; 73:1027-8. [DOI: 10.2146/ajhp160425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Timothy F. Chen
- Faculty of Pharmacy University Of Sydney Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Roberto Frontini
- Department of Pharmacy University Hospital of Leipzig Leipzig, Germany
| | - Moza Al Hail
- Department of Pharmacy Hamad Medical Corporation Doha, Qatar
| | - Jochemus Hattingh
- Pharmacy Services Eastern District Office Western Cape Government: Health George Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Nahoko Kurosawa
- School of Pharmacy Hokkaido Pharmaceutical University Sapporo Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Eduardo Savio
- Faculty of Chemistry Universidad de la República Montevideo, Uruguay
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