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Yang X, Li F, Shi Y, Wu Y, Yang R, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Ma M, Luo Z, Han X, Xie Y, Liu S. Integrated network pharmacology and experimental verification to explore the potential mechanism of San Ying decoction for treating triple-negative breast cancer. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:763-775. [PMID: 38516703 PMCID: PMC11177106 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a breast cancer subtype with poor prognosis. Clinical studies have verified that the Sanyingfang formula (SYF), a TCM prescription, has obvious effects on inhibiting breast cancer recurrence and metastasis, prolonging patient survival, and reducing clinical symptoms. However, its active ingredients and molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, the active ingredients of each herbal medicine composing SYF and their target proteins are obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database. Breast cancer-related genes are obtained from the GeneCards database. Major targets and pathways related to SYF treatment in breast cancer are identified by analyzing the above data. By conducting molecular docking analysis, we find that the active ingredients quercetin and luteolin bind well to the key targets KDR1, PPARG, SOD1, and VCAM1. In vitro experiments verify that SYF can reduce the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of TNBC cells. Using a TNBC xenograft mouse model, we show that SYF could delay tumor growth and effectively inhibit the occurrence of breast cancer lung metastasis in vivo. PPARG, SOD1, KDR1, and VCAM1 are all regulated by SYF and may play important roles in SYF-mediated inhibition of TNBC recurrence and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Feifei Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Youyang Shi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Breast SurgeryShanxi Provincial Cancer HospitalTaiyuan030013China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Department of Breast SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan250355China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Breast SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan250355China
| | - Guangtao Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Mei Ma
- Institute of ToxicologySchool of Public HealthLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China
| | - Zhanyang Luo
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Xianghui Han
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Ying Xie
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine SurgeryLonghua HospitalShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai200032China
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2
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Mustafa M, Abbas K, Alam M, Ahmad W, Moinuddin, Usmani N, Siddiqui SA, Habib S. Molecular pathways and therapeutic targets linked to triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:895-913. [PMID: 37247161 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04772-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cellular growth, abnormal morphology, and altered proliferation. Cancerous cells lose their ability to act as anchors, allowing them to spread throughout the body and infiltrate nearby cells, tissues, and organs. If these cells are not identified and treated promptly, they will likely spread. Around 70% of female breast cancers are caused by a mutation in the BRCA gene, specifically BRCA1. The absence of progesterone, oestrogen and HER2 receptors (human epidermal growth factor) distinguishes the TNBC subtype of breast cancer. There were approximately 6,85,000 deaths worldwide and 2.3 million new breast cancer cases in women in 2020. Breast cancer is the most common cancer globally, affecting 7.8 million people at the end of 2020. Compared to other cancer types, breast cancer causes more women to lose disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Worldwide, women can develop breast cancer at any age after puberty, but rates increase with age. The maintenance of mammary stem cell stemness is disrupted in TNBC, governed by signalling cascades controlling healthy mammary gland growth and development. Interpreting these essential cascades may facilitate an in-depth understanding of TNBC cancer and the search for an appropriate therapeutic target. Its treatment remains challenging because it lacks specific receptors, which renders hormone therapy and medications ineffective. In addition to radiotherapy, numerous recognized chemotherapeutic medicines are available as inhibitors of signalling pathways, while others are currently undergoing clinical trials. This article summarizes the vital druggable targets, therapeutic approaches, and strategies associated with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Kashif Abbas
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mudassir Alam
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Waleem Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Moinuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Nazura Usmani
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Shahid Ali Siddiqui
- Department of Radiotherapy, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Safia Habib
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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3
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Ding L, Chen H, Bi G, Wang W, Li R. Improved anti-cancer effects of luteolin@ZIF-8 in cervical and prostate cancer cell lines. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28232. [PMID: 38524583 PMCID: PMC10958411 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Luteolin, a naturally occurring pharmaceutical compound with significant antitumor properties, faces challenges in clinical applications due to its low solubility in water and limited bioavailability. To address these issues, a one-step synthesis method was employed to encapsulate luteolin within ZIF-8. The successful preparation of luteolin@ ZIF-8 nanoparticles was confirmed through various analytical techniques, including fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), laser size distribution analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and release curve assessment. Results indicate that the formulated luteolin@ ZIF-8 nanoparticles exhibited high drug loading (1360 mg/g) and demonstrated selective drug release in acidic microenvironments. Furthermore, the encapsulation of luteolin increased the size of ZIF-8 from 168.4 ± 0.2 nm to 384.7 ± 1.4 nm, but did not change its crystalline structure significantly. Notably, the results of in vitro anti-cervical and prostate cancers experiments revealed that luteolin@ ZIF-8 had better efficacy in inhibiting the proliferation and migration of HeLa and PC3 cells than free luteolin. The antitumor activity of luteolin@ ZIF-8 was sustained for 72 h, with a particularly pronounced inhibitory effect on HeLa cells as compared to PC3 cells. This study underscores the effective enhancement of luteolin's antitumor activity through encapsulation in ZIF-8, offering substantial implications for improving its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Ding
- Ma'anshan University, No.8 Huangchi Road, Dangtu, Ma 'anshan, Anhui Province, 243100, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Changzhou Institute of Technology, No. 666 Liaohe Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213032, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Biological Science, Jining Medical University, No. 669 Xueyuan Road, Donggang District, Rizhao, Shandong Province, 276800, China
| | - Guoli Bi
- School of Biological Science, Jining Medical University, No. 669 Xueyuan Road, Donggang District, Rizhao, Shandong Province, 276800, China
| | - Wenqi Wang
- School of Biological Science, Jining Medical University, No. 669 Xueyuan Road, Donggang District, Rizhao, Shandong Province, 276800, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Biological Science, Jining Medical University, No. 669 Xueyuan Road, Donggang District, Rizhao, Shandong Province, 276800, China
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4
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Almilaibary A. Phyto-therapeutics as anti-cancer agents in breast cancer: Pathway targeting and mechanistic elucidation. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:103935. [PMID: 38327657 PMCID: PMC10847379 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer of the breast is the mainly prevalent class of cancer in females diagnosed over the globe. It also happens to be the 2nd most prevalent reason of cancer-related deaths among females worldwide. Some of the most common type's therapies for carcinoma of the breast involve radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and resection. Many studies are being conducted to develop new therapeutic strategies for better diagnosis of breast cancer. An enormous number of anticancer medications have been developed as a result of growing understanding of the molecular pathways behind the advancement of cancer. Over the past few decades, the general survival rate has not greatly increased due to the usage of chemically manufactured medications. Therefore, in order to increase the effectiveness of current cancer treatments, new tactics and cutting-edge chemoprevention drugs are required. Phytochemicals, which are naturally occurring molecules derived from plants, are important sources for both cancer therapy and innovative medication development. These phytochemicals frequently work by controlling molecular pathways linked to the development and spread of cancer. Increasing antioxidant status, inactivating carcinogens, preventing proliferation, causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and immune system control are some of the specific ways. This primary objective of this review is to provide an overview of the active ingredients found in natural goods, including information on their pharmacologic action, molecular targets, and current state of knowledge. We have given a thorough description of a number of natural substances that specifically target the pathways linked to breast carcinoma in this study. We've conducted a great deal of study on a few natural compounds that may help us identify novel targets for the detection of breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Almilaibary
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Purgatorio R, Boccarelli A, Pisani L, de Candia M, Catto M, Altomare CD. A Critical Appraisal of the Protective Activity of Polyphenolic Antioxidants against Iatrogenic Effects of Anticancer Chemotherapeutics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:133. [PMID: 38275658 PMCID: PMC10812703 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds, encompassing flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, rutin, and cyanidin) and non-flavonoids (e.g., gallic acid, resveratrol, and curcumin), show several health-related beneficial effects, which include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antiviral, and anticarcinogenic properties, as well as the prevention of coronary heart diseases. Polyphenols have also been investigated for their counteraction against the adverse effects of common anticancer chemotherapeutics. This review evaluates the outcomes of clinical studies (and related preclinical data) over the last ten years, with a focus on the use of polyphenols in chemotherapy as auxiliary agents acting against oxidative stress toxicity induced by antitumor drugs. While further clinical studies are needed to establish adequate doses and optimal delivery systems, the improvement in polyphenols' metabolic stability and bioavailability, through the implementation of nanotechnologies that are currently being investigated, could improve therapeutic applications of their pharmaceutical or nutraceutical preparations in tumor chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Purgatorio
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Angelina Boccarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Leonardo Pisani
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Modesto de Candia
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Marco Catto
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Cosimo D. Altomare
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
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6
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Sharma P, Gupta K, Khandai SK, Malik S, Thareja S. Phytometabolites as modulators of breast cancer: a comprehensive review of mechanistic insights. Med Oncol 2024; 41:45. [PMID: 38172452 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a highly debilitating malignancy affecting females globally and imposing a substantial burden on healthcare systems in both developed and developing nations. Despite the application of conventional therapeutic modalities such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormonal intervention, BC frequently exhibits resistance, necessitating the urgent development of novel, cost-effective, and accessible treatment strategies. In this context, there is a growing scientific interest in exploring the pharmacological potential of chemical compounds derived from botanical sources, which often exhibit notable biological activity. Extensive in vitro and in vivo investigations have revealed the capacity of these compounds, referred to as phytochemicals, to attenuate the metastatic cascade and reduce the risk of cancer dissemination. These phytochemicals exert their effects through modulation of key molecular and metabolic processes, including regulation of the cell cycle, induction of apoptotic cell death, inhibition of angiogenesis, and suppression of metastatic progression. To shed light on the latest advancements in this field, a comprehensive review of the scientific literature has been conducted, focusing on secondary metabolite agents that have recently been investigated and have demonstrated promising anticancer properties. This review aims to delineate their underlying mechanisms of action and elucidate the associated signaling pathways, thereby contributing to a deeper understanding of their therapeutic potential in the context of BC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Khushi Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Khandai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Sonia Malik
- Laboratory of Woody Plants and Crops Biology, University of Orleans, Orleans, France
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
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7
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Gao P, Zhang W, Lin Y, Lu R, Lou Z, Lu G, Pan R, Chen Y. Luteolin suppresses oral carcinoma 3 (OC3) cell growth and migration via modulating polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) expression and cellular energy metabolism. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2023; 24:1151-1158. [PMID: 38057271 PMCID: PMC10710912 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent malignant tumor affecting the head and neck region (Leemans et al., 2018). It is often diagnosed at a later stage, leading to a poor prognosis (Muzaffar et al., 2021; Li et al., 2023). Despite advances in OSCC treatment, the overall 5-year survival rate of OSCC patients remains alarmingly low, falling below 50% (Jehn et al., 2019; Johnson et al., 2020). According to statistics, only 50% of patients with oral cancer can be treated with surgery. Once discovered, it is more frequently at an advanced stage. In addition, owing to the aggressively invasive and metastatic characteristics of OSCC, most patients die within one year of diagnosis. Hence, the pursuit of novel therapeutic drugs and treatments to improve the response of oral cancer to medication, along with a deeper understanding of their effects, remains crucial objectives in oral cancer research (Johnson et al., 2020; Bhat et al., 2021; Chen et al., 2023; Ruffin et al., 2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Gao
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
- School of Stomatology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Wentao Zhang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yujie Lin
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Ruijie Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zijian Lou
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Gang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cell-Based Drug and Applied Technology Development in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311122, China
| | - Ruolang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Cell-Based Drug and Applied Technology Development in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311122, China.
| | - Yunfang Chen
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China. ,
- School of Stomatology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China. ,
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8
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Mir SA, Dar A, Hamid L, Nisar N, Malik JA, Ali T, Bader GN. Flavonoids as promising molecules in the cancer therapy: An insight. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2023; 6:100167. [PMID: 38144883 PMCID: PMC10733705 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2023.100167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer continues to increase global morbidity and mortality rates. Despite substantial progress in the development of various chemically synthesized anti-cancer drugs, the poor prognosis of the disease still remains a big challenge. The most common drawback of conventional cancer therapies is the emergence of drug resistance eventually leading to the discontinuation of chemotherapy. Moreover, advanced target-specific therapies including immunotherapy and stem cell therapy are expensive enough and are unaffordable for most patients in poorer nations. Therefore, alternative and cheaper therapeutic strategies are needed to complement the current cancer treatment approaches. Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds produced naturally by plants and have great potential in human health and disease. These compounds possess antiproliferative, anti-oxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. Among the phytochemicals, flavonoids are very effective in treating a wide range of diseases from cardiovascular diseases and immunological disorders to cancer. They scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibit cancer metastasis, modulate the immune system and induce apoptotic or autophagic cell death in cancers. This review will discuss the potential of various phytochemicals particularly flavonoids in attempts to target various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Ahmad Mir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J & K, 190006, India
| | - Ashraf Dar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J & K, 190006, India
| | - Laraibah Hamid
- Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J & K, 190006, India
| | - Nasir Nisar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J & K, 190006, India
| | - Jonaid Ahmad Malik
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Guwahati, India
| | - Tabasum Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J & K, 190006, India
| | - Ghulam Nabi Bader
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, J & K, 190006, India
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9
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He M, Yasin K, Yu S, Li J, Xia L. Total Flavonoids in Artemisia absinthium L. and Evaluation of Its Anticancer Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16348. [PMID: 38003540 PMCID: PMC10671751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To overcome the shortcomings of traditional extraction methods, such as long extraction time and low efficiency, and considering the low content and high complexity of total flavonoids in Artemisia absinthium L., in this experiment, we adopted ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis to improve the yield of total flavonoids, and combined this with molecular docking and network pharmacology to predict its core constituent targets, so as to evaluate its antitumor activity. The content of total flavonoids in Artemisia absinthium L. reached 3.80 ± 0.13%, and the main components included Astragalin, Cynaroside, Ononin, Rutin, Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, Diosmetin, Isorhamnetin, and Luteolin. Cynaroside and Astragalin exert their cervical cancer inhibitory functions by regulating several signaling proteins (e.g., EGFR, STAT3, CCND1, IGFIR, ESR1). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that the anticancer activity of both compounds was associated with the ErbB signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway. MTT results showed that total flavonoids of Artemisia absinthium L. and its active components (Cynaroside and Astragalin) significantly inhibited the growth of HeLa cells in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 of 396.0 ± 54.2 μg/mL and 449.0 ± 54.8 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, its active components can mediate apoptosis by inducing the accumulation of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jinyao Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (M.H.); (K.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Lijie Xia
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China; (M.H.); (K.Y.); (S.Y.)
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10
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Cheng-yuan W, Jian-gang D. Research progress on the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia by medicinal and edible plants and its bioactive components. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1186161. [PMID: 37377486 PMCID: PMC10291132 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1186161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is another common metabolic disease, which is considered to be closely related to the development of many chronic diseases, in addition to the "three highs." Currently, although drugs show positive therapeutic effects, they have been shown to produce side effects that can damage the body. There is growing evidence that medicinal and edible plants and their bioactive components have a significant effect on hyperuricemia. In this paper, we review common medicinal and edible plants with uric acid-lowering effects and summarize the uric acid-lowering mechanisms of different bioactive components. Specifically, the bioactive components are divided into five categories: flavonoids, phenolic acids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, and saponins. These active substances exhibit positive uric acid-lowering effects by inhibiting uric acid production, promoting uric acid excretion, and improving inflammation. Overall, this review examines the potential role of medicinal and edible plants and their bioactive components as a means of combating hyperuricemia, with the hope of providing some reference value for the treatment of hyperuricemia.
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11
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Rocchetti MT, Bellanti F, Zadorozhna M, Fiocco D, Mangieri D. Multi-Faceted Role of Luteolin in Cancer Metastasis: EMT, Angiogenesis, ECM Degradation and Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108824. [PMID: 37240168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Luteolin (3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone), a member of the flavonoid family derived from plants and fruits, shows a wide range of biomedical applications. In fact, due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities, Asian medicine has been using luteolin for centuries to treat several human diseases, including arthritis, rheumatism, hypertension, neurodegenerative disorders and various infections. Of note, luteolin displays many anti-cancer/anti-metastatic properties. Thus, the purpose of this review consists in highlighting the relevant mechanisms by which luteolin inhibits tumor progression in metastasis, i.e., affecting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), repressing angiogenesis and lysis of extracellular matrix (ECM), as well as inducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Rocchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bellanti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Mariia Zadorozhna
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Fiocco
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Domenica Mangieri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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12
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Shahzadi A, Tariq N, Sonmez H, Waquar S, Zahid A, Javed MA, Ashraf MY, Malik A, Ozturk M. Potential effect of luteolin, epiafzelechin, and albigenin on rats under cadmium-induced inflammatory insult: In silico and in vivo approach. Front Chem 2023; 11:1036478. [PMID: 36936530 PMCID: PMC10016615 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1036478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Cadmium(Cd) an industrial poison present abundantly in the environment, causes human toxicity by an inflammatory process. Chronic exposure of cadmium can cause a number of molecular lesions that could be relevant to oncogenesis, through indirect or epigenetic mechanisms, potentially including abnormal activation of oncogenes and suppression of apoptosis by depletion of antioxidants. As induction of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is linked to inflammatory processes, use of luteolin, epiafzelechin, and albigenin alone or in different combinations may be used as anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents. Methods: We, herein, performed in silico experiments to check the binding affinity of phytochemicals and their therapeutic effect against COX-2 in cadmium administered rats. Wistar albino rats were given phytochemicals in different combinations to check their anti-inflammatory activities against cadmium intoxication. The level of alanine aminotransferases (ALT), 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), isoprostanes (IsoP-2α), COX-2, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated with their respective ELISA and spectrophotometric methods. Results: The generated results show that phytocompounds possessed good binding energy potential against COX-2, and common interactive behavior was observed in all docking studies. Moreover, the level of ALT, 4HNE, 8-OHdG, TNF-α, IsoP-2α, malondialdehyde, and COX-2 were significantly increased in rats with induced toxicity compared to the control group, whereas in combinational therapy of phytocompounds, the levels were significantly decreased in the group. Discussion: Taken together, luteolin, epiafzelechin, and albigenin can be used as anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents for future novel drug design, and thus it may have therapeutic importance against cadmium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andleeb Shahzadi
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Nusrat Tariq
- Department of Physiology, M. Islam Medical and Dental College, Gujranwala, Pakistan
| | - Haktan Sonmez
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Sulayman Waquar
- School of Biochemistry, Minhaj University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Zahid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Yasin Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arif Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Munir Ozturk
- Centre for Environmental Studies, Ege University, Izmir, Turkiye
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13
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Hell T, Dobrzyński M, Gröflin F, Reinhardt JK, Dürr L, Pertz O, Hamburger M, Garo E. Flavonoids from Ericameria nauseosa inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway in human melanoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113754. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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14
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Muruganathan N, Dhanapal AR, Baskar V, Muthuramalingam P, Selvaraj D, Aara H, Shiek Abdullah MZ, Sivanesan I. Recent Updates on Source, Biosynthesis, and Therapeutic Potential of Natural Flavonoid Luteolin: A Review. Metabolites 2022; 12:1145. [PMID: 36422285 PMCID: PMC9696498 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nature gives immense resources that are beneficial to humankind. The natural compounds present in plants provide primary nutritional values to our diet. Apart from food, plants also provide chemical compounds with therapeutic values. The importance of these plant secondary metabolites is increasing due to more studies revealing their beneficial properties in treating and managing various diseases and their symptoms. Among them, flavonoids are crucial secondary metabolite compounds present in most plants. Of the reported 8000 flavonoid compounds, luteolin is an essential dietary compound. This review discusses the source of the essential flavonoid luteolin in various plants and its biosynthesis. Furthermore, the potential health benefits of luteolins such as anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic effects and their mechanisms are discussed in detail. The activity of luteolin and its derivatives are diverse, as they help to prevent and control many diseases and their life-threatening effects. This review will enhance the knowledge and recent findings regarding luteolin and its therapeutic effects, which are certainly useful in potentially utilizing this natural metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandakumar Muruganathan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Anand Raj Dhanapal
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre for Plant Tissue Culture & Central Instrumentation Laboratory, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkidasamy Baskar
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pandiyan Muthuramalingam
- Division of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Dhivya Selvaraj
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering CSE-AI, Amrita School of Engineering, Chennai 601103, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Husne Aara
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Iyyakkannu Sivanesan
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Institute of Natural Science and Agriculture, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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15
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Singh Tuli H, Rath P, Chauhan A, Sak K, Aggarwal D, Choudhary R, Sharma U, Vashishth K, Sharma S, Kumar M, Yadav V, Singh T, Yerer MB, Haque S. Luteolin, a Potent Anticancer Compound: From Chemistry to Cellular Interactions and Synergetic Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5373. [PMID: 36358791 PMCID: PMC9658186 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing rates of cancer incidence and the toxicity concerns of existing chemotherapeutic agents have intensified the research to explore more alternative routes to combat tumor. Luteolin, a flavone found in numerous fruits, vegetables, and herbs, has exhibited a number of biological activities, such as anticancer and anti-inflammatory. Luteolin inhibits tumor growth by targeting cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell-cycle progression, angiogenesis and migration. Mechanistically, luteolin causes cell death by downregulating Akt, PLK-1, cyclin-B1, cyclin-A, CDC-2, CDK-2, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL, while upregulating BAX, caspase-3, and p21. It has also been reported to inhibit STAT3 signaling by the suppression of STAT3 activation and enhanced STAT3 protein degradation in various cancer cells. Therefore, extensive studies on the anticancer properties of luteolin reveal its promising role in chemoprevention. The present review describes all the possible cellular interactions of luteolin in cancer, along with its synergistic mode of action and nanodelivery insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, India
| | - Prangya Rath
- Amity Institute of Environmental Sciences, Amity University, Noida 201303, India
| | - Abhishek Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Safety and Management, Amity University, Noida 201303, India
| | | | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, India
| | - Renuka Choudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala 133207, India
| | - Ujjawal Sharma
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bhatinda 151001, India
| | - Kanupriya Vashishth
- Department of Cardiology, Advance Cardiac Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Sheetu Sharma
- Department of Pharmacovigilace and Clinical Research, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar University Sadopur, Ambala 133001, India
| | - Vikas Yadav
- Department of Translational Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, SE-20213 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Translational Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, Delhi University, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Mukerrem Betul Yerer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Combination Anticancer Therapies Using Selected Phytochemicals. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175452. [PMID: 36080219 PMCID: PMC9458090 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still one of the most widespread diseases globally, it is considered a vital health challenge worldwide and one of the main barriers to long life expectancy. Due to the potential toxicity and lack of selectivity of conventional chemotherapeutic agents, discovering alternative treatments is a top priority. Plant-derived natural products have high potential in cancer treatment due to their multiple mechanisms of action, diversity in structure, availability in nature, and relatively low toxicity. In this review, the anticancer mechanisms of the most common phytochemicals were analyzed. Furthermore, a detailed discussion of the anticancer effect of combinations consisting of natural product or natural products with chemotherapeutic drugs was provided. This review should provide a strong platform for researchers and clinicians to improve basic and clinical research in the development of alternative anticancer medicines.
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17
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Ahrens S, Appl B, Trochimiuk M, Dücker C, Feixas Serra G, Oliver Grau A, Reinshagen K, Pagerols Raluy L. Kigelia africana inhibits proliferation and induces cell death in stage 4 Neuroblastoma cell lines. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113584. [PMID: 36029541 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common solid pediatric tumors and especially high-risk NBs still account for about 12-15% of cancer related deaths in children. Kigelia africana (KA) is a plant used in traditional African medicine which has already shown its anti-cancer potential in several in vitro and in vivo studies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of KA fruit extract on stage 4 high-risk NB cells. Therefore, NB cell lines with and without MYCN amplification and non-neoplastic cells were treated with KA fruit extract at different concentrations. The effect of KA on cell viability and apoptosis rate were assessed by bioluminescence-/fluorescence-based assays. Several proteins involved in survival, tumor growth, inflammation and metastasis were detected via western blot and immunofluorescence. Secreted cytokines were detected via ELISA. Phytochemical composition of the extract was analyzed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Our group demonstrates a dose- and time-dependent selective cytotoxic effect of KA fruit extract on NB, especially in MYCN non-amplified tumor cells, by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell death. Western blot and immunofluorescence results demonstrate a regulation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), disialoganglioside GD2 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in KA-treated tumor cells. Our results evidence striking anti-cancer properties of KA fruit and pave the way for further surveys on the therapeutic properties and mechanisms of action in NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Ahrens
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Birgit Appl
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Magdalena Trochimiuk
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Charlotte Dücker
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | | | - Konrad Reinshagen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Laia Pagerols Raluy
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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18
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The Role of Bioactive Compounds in Natural Products Extracted from Plants in Cancer Treatment and Their Mechanisms Related to Anticancer Effects. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1429869. [PMID: 35211240 PMCID: PMC8863487 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1429869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the greatest causes of death worldwide. With the development of surgery, radiotherapy, and medical agents, the outcomes of cancer patients have greatly improved. However, the underlying mechanisms of cancer are not yet fully understood. Recently, natural products have been proven to be beneficial for various conditions and have played important roles in the development of novel therapies. A substantial amount of evidence indicates that bioactive compounds could improve the outcomes of cancer patients via various pathways, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, epigenetic modification, and modulation of oxidative stress. Here, we review the current evidence of bioactive compounds in natural products for the treatment of cancer and summarize the underlying mechanisms in this pathological process.
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19
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Meerson A, Khatib S, Mahajna J. Natural Products Targeting Cancer Stem Cells for Augmenting Cancer Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313044. [PMID: 34884848 PMCID: PMC8657727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSC) have been identified in several types of solid tumors. In some cases, CSC may be the source of all the tumor cells, the cause of the tumor's resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, and the source of metastatic cells. Thus, a combination therapy targeting non-CSC tumor cells as well as specifically targeting CSCs holds the potential to be highly effective. Natural products (NPs) have been a historically rich source of biologically active compounds and are known for their ability to influence multiple signaling pathways simultaneously with negligible side effects. In this review, we discuss the potential of NPs in targeting multiple signaling pathways in CSC and their potential to augment the efficacy of standard cancer therapy. Specifically, we focus on the anti-CSC activities of flavonoids, FDA-approved drugs originating from natural sources. Additionally, we emphasize the potential of NPs in targeting microRNA-mediated signaling, given the roles of microRNA in the maintenance of the CSC phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Meerson
- Department of Natural Products and Nutrition, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel; (A.M.); (S.K.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel Hai Academic College, Qiryat Shemona 12208, Israel
| | - Soliman Khatib
- Department of Natural Products and Nutrition, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel; (A.M.); (S.K.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel Hai Academic College, Qiryat Shemona 12208, Israel
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- Department of Natural Products and Nutrition, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel; (A.M.); (S.K.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel Hai Academic College, Qiryat Shemona 12208, Israel
- Correspondence:
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20
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Lee HS, Park BS, Kang HM, Kim JH, Shin SH, Kim IR. Role of Luteolin-Induced Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Glioblastoma Cell Lines. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:879. [PMID: 34577802 PMCID: PMC8470580 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57090879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Malignant glioblastoma (GBM) is caused by abnormal proliferation of glial cells, which are found in the brain. The therapeutic effects of surgical treatment, radiation therapy, and chemo-therapy against GBM are relatively poor compared with their effects against other tumors. Luteolin is abundant in peanut shells and is also found in herbs and other plants, such as thyme, green pepper, and celery. Luteolin is known to be effective against obesity and metabolic syndrome. The anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities of luteolin have been investigated. Most studies have focused on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of luteolin, which is a natural flavonoid. However, the association between the induction of apoptosis by luteolin in GBM and autophagy has not yet been investigated. This study thus aimed to confirm the occurrence of luteolin-induced apoptosis and autophagy in GBM cells and to assess their relationship. Materials and Methods: A172 and U-373MG glioblastoma cell lines were used for this experiment. We confirmed the apoptosis effect of Luteolin on GBM cells using methods such as 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, immunofluorescence, Flow cytometry (FACS) western blot, and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Results: In the luteolin-treated A172 and U-373MG cells, cell viability decreased in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. In addition, in A172 and U-373MG cells treated with luteolin at concentrations greater than 100 μM, nuclear fragmentation, which is a typical morphological change characterizing apoptosis, as well as fragmentation of caspase-3 and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which are apoptosis-related factors, were observed. Autophagy was induced after treatment with at least 50 μM luteolin. Inhibition of autophagy using 3MA allowed for a low concentration of luteolin to more effectively induce apoptosis in A172 and U-373MG cells. Conclusions: Results showed that luteolin induces apoptosis and autophagy and that the luteolin-induced autophagy promotes cell survival. Therefore, an appropriate combination therapy involving luteolin and an autophagy inhibitor is expected to improve the prognosis of GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Sung Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Korea; (H.-S.L.); (S.-H.S.)
| | - Bong-Soo Park
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si 50612, Korea; (B.-S.P.); (H.-M.K.)
- Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Korea
| | - Hae-Mi Kang
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si 50612, Korea; (B.-S.P.); (H.-M.K.)
| | - Jung-Han Kim
- Medical Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dong-A University, 26, Daesingongwon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49201, Korea;
| | - Sang-Hun Shin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Korea; (H.-S.L.); (S.-H.S.)
| | - In-Ryoung Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, 49, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si 50612, Korea; (B.-S.P.); (H.-M.K.)
- Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan-si 50612, Korea
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21
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Jöhrer K, Ҫiҫek SS. Multiple Myeloma Inhibitory Activity of Plant Natural Products. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2678. [PMID: 34072312 PMCID: PMC8198565 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A literature search on plant natural products with antimyeloma activity until the end of 2020 resulted in 92 compounds with effects on at least one human myeloma cell line. Compounds were divided in different compound classes and both their structure-activity-relationships as well as eventual correlations with the pathways described for Multiple Myeloma were discussed. Each of the major compound classes in this review (alkaloids, phenolics, terpenes) revealed interesting candidates, such as dioncophyllines, a group of naphtylisoquinoline alkaloids, which showed pronounced and selective induction of apoptosis when substituted in position 7 of the isoquinoline moiety. Interestingly, out of the phenolic compound class, two of the most noteworthy constituents belong to the relatively small subclass of xanthones, rendering this group a good starting point for possible further drug development. The class of terpenoids also provides noteworthy constituents, such as the highly oxygenated diterpenoid oridonin, which exhibited antiproliferative effects equal to those of bortezomib on RPMI8226 cells. Moreover, triterpenoids containing a lactone ring and/or quinone-like substructures, e.g., bruceantin, whitaferin A, withanolide F, celastrol, and pristimerin, displayed remarkable activity, with the latter two compounds acting as inhibitors of both NF-κB and proteasome chymotrypsin-like activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Jöhrer
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innrain 66, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Serhat Sezai Ҫiҫek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Kiel University, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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22
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Catalán M, Olmedo I, Faúndez J, Jara JA. Medicinal Chemistry Targeting Mitochondria: From New Vehicles and Pharmacophore Groups to Old Drugs with Mitochondrial Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8684. [PMID: 33217901 PMCID: PMC7698797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in tumor cell mitochondria as a pharmacological target has been rekindled in recent years. This attention is due in part to new publications documenting heterogenous characteristics of solid tumors, including anoxic and hypoxic zones that foster cellular populations with differentiating metabolic characteristics. These populations include tumor-initiating or cancer stem cells, which have a strong capacity to adapt to reduced oxygen availability, switching rapidly between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation as sources of energy and metabolites. Additionally, this cell subpopulation shows high chemo- and radioresistance and a high capacity for tumor repopulation. Interestingly, it has been shown that inhibiting mitochondrial function in tumor cells affects glycolysis pathways, cell bioenergy, and cell viability. Therefore, mitochondrial inhibition may be a viable strategy for eradicating cancer stem cells. In this context, medicinal chemistry research over the last decade has synthesized and characterized "vehicles" capable of transporting novel or existing pharmacophores to mitochondrial tumor cells, based on mechanisms that exploit the physicochemical properties of the vehicles and the inherent properties of the mitochondria. The pharmacophores, some of which have been isolated from plants and others, which were synthesized in the lab, are diverse in chemical nature. Some of these molecules are active, while others are prodrugs that have been evaluated alone or linked to mitochondria-targeted agents. Finally, researchers have recently described drugs with well-proven safety and efficacy that may exert a mitochondria-specific inhibitory effect in tumor cells through noncanonical mechanisms. The effectiveness of these molecules may be improved by linking them to mitochondrial carrier molecules. These promising pharmacological agents should be evaluated alone and in combination with classic chemotherapeutic drugs in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Catalán
- Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Ivonne Olmedo
- Physiopathology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Independencia 1027, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Jennifer Faúndez
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 943, Santiago 8380544, Chile;
| | - José A. Jara
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Olivos 943, Santiago 8380544, Chile;
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Talib WH, Alsalahat I, Daoud S, Abutayeh RF, Mahmod AI. Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer Research: Extraction, Mechanism of Action, and Drug Formulation. Molecules 2020; 25:E5319. [PMID: 33202681 PMCID: PMC7696819 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death globally and considered as a major challenge for the public health system. The high toxicity and the lack of selectivity of conventional anticancer therapies make the search for alternative treatments a priority. In this review, we describe the main plant-derived natural products used as anticancer agents. Natural sources, extraction methods, anticancer mechanisms, clinical studies, and pharmaceutical formulation are discussed in this review. Studies covered by this review should provide a solid foundation for researchers and physicians to enhance basic and clinical research on developing alternative anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wamidh H. Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan;
| | - Izzeddin Alsalahat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (I.A.); (S.D.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Safa Daoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (I.A.); (S.D.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Reem Fawaz Abutayeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan; (I.A.); (S.D.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Asma Ismail Mahmod
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan;
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Baier A, Szyszka R. Compounds from Natural Sources as Protein Kinase Inhibitors. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111546. [PMID: 33198400 PMCID: PMC7698043 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The advantage of natural compounds is their lower number of side-effects when compared to most synthetic substances. Therefore, over the past several decades, the interest in naturally occurring compounds is increasing in the search for new potent drugs. Natural compounds are playing an important role as a starting point when developing new selective compounds against different diseases. Protein kinases play a huge role in several diseases, like cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, microbial infections, or inflammations. In this review, we give a comprehensive view of natural compounds, which are/were the parent compounds in the development of more potent substances using computational analysis and SAR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Baier
- Department of Animal Physiology and Toxicology, Institute of Biological Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ryszard Szyszka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
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Exploring Mechanism of Key Chinese Herbal Medicine on Breast Cancer by Data Mining and Network Pharmacology Methods. Chin J Integr Med 2020; 27:919-926. [PMID: 32572780 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-020-3422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To screen the key Chinese Herbal Medicines (KCHMs) against breast cancer by data mining, and analyze the potential mechanism of KCHMs using network pharmacology method. METHODS Clinical prescriptions consisted of CHMs for treating breast cancer were screened, and then Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System (TCMISS) was applied to obtain the KCHMs. Subsequently, active ingredients and corresponding target genes of KCHMs were searched by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database, and target genes of breast cancer were collected using OMIM and MalaCards. After that, the overlapping target genes of KCHMs and breast cancer were screened, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built. In addition, a network of "KCHMs-active ingredients-breast cancer-targets" was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1. Finally, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis were performed with Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database to reveal the action mechanism of KCHMs. RESULTS A total of 7 KCHMs were identified, whose active ingredients include quercetin, luteolin, nobiletin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, naringenin, and be-ta-sitosterol, etc. Based on protein-protein interaction analysis, core targets were ESR1, MYC, CCND1, EGFR, CASP3, ERBB2, etc. Several KEGG pathways (e.g, PI3K-Akt, p53, ErbB, and HIF-1 signaling pathways) were found. CONCLUSION Based on the combination of the data mining method and network pharmacology approach, the therapeutic effect of KCHMs on breast cancer may be realized by acting on target genes and signaling pathways related to the formation and progression of breast cancer.
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Comparative studies of two vegetal extracts from Stokesia laevis and Geranium pratense: polyphenol profile, cytotoxic effect and antiproliferative activity. OPEN CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2020-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn this study, two ethanolic extracts, from Stokesia aster (Slae26) and Geranium pratense (Gpre36) respectively, were evaluated in order to assess the cytotoxic activity and potential antiproliferative activity upon the nontumorigenic human epithelial cell line derived from the mammary gland (MCF-12A) and the human breast tumor cell line (BT-20). The selection of the plant species was done on the basis of their chemical composition, specifically combinations of luteolin derivatives with caffeic and gallic acid derivatives. Therefore, the S. laevis ethanolic extract proved its capacity to inhibit the viability of both normal and tumor breast cell lines (i.e., up to 90% cell viability inhibition, IC50 = 42 µg/mL). On the contrary, the G. pratense ethanolic extract proved weak stimulatory effects on the viability of the two human breast cell lines studied. The obtained results were discussed in the contexts of computational studies and drug-likeness bioactivity of seven common luteolin derivatives: luteolin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside/cynaroside, luteolin-5-O-glucoside/galuteolin, luteolin-6-C-glucoside/isoorientin, luteolin-8-C-glucoside/orientin, luteolin-3′,4′-di-O-glucoside and luteolin-7,3′-di-O-glucoside. Computational studies have revealed that the hydrophilic behavior of luteolin derivatives (log P values) does not follow other tested parameters (e.g., polar surface area values), possibly explaining different efficacy concerning the biological properties in vitro. These predictions could be a starting point for studies on the biochemical mechanism by which luteolin derivatives induce biological effects.
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Masraksa W, Tanasawet S, Hutamekalin P, Wongtawatchai T, Sukketsiri W. Luteolin attenuates migration and invasion of lung cancer cells via suppressing focal adhesion kinase and non-receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathway. Nutr Res Pract 2019; 14:127-133. [PMID: 32256987 PMCID: PMC7075744 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Non-small cell lung cancer is mostly recognized among other types of lung cancer with a poor prognosis by cause of chemotherapeutic resistance and increased metastasis. Luteolin has been found to decrease cell metastasis. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unresolved. The objective of this study was to examine the effect (and its mechanism) of luteolin on the migration and invasion of human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells. MATERIALS/METHODS Cell viability was investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Wound healing and transwell assays were evaluated to assess migration and invasion, respectively. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence were further performed to investigate the role of luteolin and its mechanisms of action. RESULTS Administration with up to 40 µM luteolin showed no cytotoxic activity on lung cancer A549 cells or non-cancer MRC-5 cells. Additionally, luteolin at 20-40 µM significantly suppressed A549 cells' migration, invasion, and the formation of filopodia in a concentration-dependent manner at 24 h. This is similar with western blot analysis, which revealed diminished the phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (pFAK), phosphorylated non-receptor tyrosine kinase (pSrc), Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), cell division control protein 42 (Cdc42), and Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) expression levels. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our data indicate that luteolin plays a role in controlling lung cancer cells' migration and invasion via Src/FAK and its downstream Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA pathways. Luteolin might be considered a promising candidate for suppressing invasion and metastasis of lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuttipong Masraksa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Supita Tanasawet
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Pilaiwanwadee Hutamekalin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Tulaporn Wongtawatchai
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Wanida Sukketsiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
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Influence of luteolin on the apoptosis of esophageal cancer Eca109 cells and its mechanism of action. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Nagayoshi H, Murayama N, Kakimoto K, Tsujino M, Takenaka S, Katahira J, Lim YR, Kim D, Yamazaki H, Komori M, Guengerich FP, Shimada T. Oxidation of Flavone, 5-Hydroxyflavone, and 5,7-Dihydroxyflavone to Mono-, Di-, and Tri-Hydroxyflavones by Human Cytochrome P450 Enzymes. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1268-1280. [PMID: 30964977 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biologically active plant flavonoids, including 5,7-dihydroxyflavone (57diOHF, chrysin), 4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone (4'57triOHF, apigenin), and 5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone (567triOHF, baicalein), have important pharmacological and toxicological significance, e.g., antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antimicrobial, and antitumorgenic properties. In order to better understand the metabolism of these flavonoids in humans, we examined the oxidation of flavone, 5-hydroxyflavone (5OHF), and 57diOHF to various products by human cytochrome P450 (P450 or CYP) and liver microsomal enzymes. Individual human P450s and liver microsomes oxidized flavone to 6-hydroxyflavone, small amounts of 5OHF, and 11 other monohydroxylated products at different rates and also produced several dihydroxylated products (including 57diOHF and 7,8-dihydroxyflavone) from flavone. We also found that 5OHF was oxidized by several P450 enzymes and human liver microsomes to 57diOHF and further to 567triOHF, but the turnover rates in these reactions were low. Interestingly, both CYP1B1.1 and 1B1.3 converted 57diOHF to 567triOHF at turnover rates (on the basis of P450 contents) of >3.0 min-1, and CYP1A1 and 1A2 produced 567triOHF at rates of 0.51 and 0.72 min-1, respectively. CYP2A13 and 2A6 catalyzed the oxidation of 57diOHF to 4'57triOHF at rates of 0.7 and 0.1 min-1, respectively. Our present results show that different P450s have individual roles in oxidizing these phytochemical flavonoids and that these reactions may cause changes in their biological and toxicological properties in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Nagayoshi
- Osaka Institute of Public Health , 1-3-69 Nakamichi , Higashinari-ku , Osaka 537-0025 , Japan
| | - Norie Murayama
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics , Showa Pharmaceutical University , Machida , Tokyo 194-8543 , Japan
| | - Kensaku Kakimoto
- Osaka Institute of Public Health , 1-3-69 Nakamichi , Higashinari-ku , Osaka 537-0025 , Japan
| | - Masaki Tsujino
- Osaka Institute of Public Health , 1-3-69 Nakamichi , Higashinari-ku , Osaka 537-0025 , Japan
| | - Shigeo Takenaka
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation , Osaka Prefecture University , 3-7-30 , Habikino , Osaka 583-8555 , Japan
| | - Jun Katahira
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-58 Rinku-Orai-Kita , Izumisano , Osaka 598-8531 , Japan
| | - Young-Ran Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences , Konkuk University , Seoul 05029 , Korea
| | - Donghak Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences , Konkuk University , Seoul 05029 , Korea
| | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics , Showa Pharmaceutical University , Machida , Tokyo 194-8543 , Japan
| | - Masayuki Komori
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-58 Rinku-Orai-Kita , Izumisano , Osaka 598-8531 , Japan
| | - F Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry , Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville , Tennessee 37232-0146 , United States
| | - Tsutomu Shimada
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Sciences , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-58 Rinku-Orai-Kita , Izumisano , Osaka 598-8531 , Japan
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Parveen A, Subedi L, Kim HW, Khan Z, Zahra Z, Farooqi MQ, Kim SY. Phytochemicals Targeting VEGF and VEGF-Related Multifactors as Anticancer Therapy. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E350. [PMID: 30871059 PMCID: PMC6462934 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8030350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cancer cells is not limited to angiogenesis; there are also multiple factors, such as neuropilins (non-tyrosine kinases receptors), tyrosine kinases receptors, immunodeficiencies, and integrins, that interact with VEGF signaling and cause cancer initiation. By combating these factors, tumor progression can be inhibited or limited. Natural products are sources of several bioactive phytochemicals that can interact with VEGF-promoting factors and inhibit them through various signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting cancer growth. This review provides a deeper understanding of the relation and interaction of VEGF with cancer-promoting factors and phytochemicals in order to develop multi-targeted cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Parveen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, No. 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Lalita Subedi
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, No. 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Heung Wan Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, No. 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Zahra Khan
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, No. 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Zahra Zahra
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Sector H-12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | | | - Sun Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, No. 191, Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, No. 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
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Li C, Wang Q, Shen S, Wei X, Li G. HIF-1α/VEGF signaling-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis is critically involved in anti-metastasis effect of luteolin in melanoma cells. Phytother Res 2019; 33:798-807. [PMID: 30653763 PMCID: PMC6590488 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is still the leading cause of melanoma mortality. Luteolin, a natural flavonoid, is found in fruits, vegetables, and medicinal herbs. The pharmacological action and mechanism of luteolin on the metastasis of melanoma remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the effect of luteolin on A375 and B16‐F10 cell viability, migration, invasion, adhesion, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and pivotal molecules in HIF‐1α/VEGF signaling expression were analysed using western blot assays or quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Results showed that luteolin inhibits cellular proliferation in A375 and B16‐F10 melanoma cells in a time‐dependent and concentration‐dependent manner. Luteolin significantly inhibited the migratory, invasive, adhesive, and tube‐forming potential of highly metastatic A375 and B16‐F10 melanoma cells or human umbilical vein endothelial cells at sub‐IC50 concentrations, where no significant cytotoxicity was observed. Luteolin effectively suppressed EMT by increased E‐cadherin and decreased N‐cadherin and vimentin expression both in mRNA and protein levels. Further, luteolin exerted its anti‐metastasis activity through decreasing the p‐Akt, HIF‐1α, VEGF‐A, p‐VEGFR‐2, MMP‐2, and MMP‐9 proteins expression. Overall, our findings first time suggests that HIF‐1α/VEGF signaling‐mediated EMT and angiogenesis is critically involved in anti‐metastasis effect of luteolin as a potential therapeutic candidate for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shen Shen
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolu Wei
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guoxia Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, International Medical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Chirumbolo S, Bjørklund G, Lysiuk R, Vella A, Lenchyk L, Upyr T. Targeting Cancer with Phytochemicals via Their Fine Tuning of the Cell Survival Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113568. [PMID: 30424557 PMCID: PMC6274856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of phytochemicals as potential prodrugs or therapeutic substances against tumors has come in the spotlight in the very recent years, thanks to the huge mass of encouraging and promising results of the in vitro activity of many phenolic compounds from plant raw extracts against many cancer cell lines. Little but important evidence can be retrieved from the clinical and nutritional scientific literature, where flavonoids are investigated as major pro-apoptotic and anti-metastatic compounds. However, the actual role of these compounds in cancer is still far to be fully elucidated. Many of these phytochemicals act in a pleiotropic and poorly specific manner, but, more importantly, they are able to tune the reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling to activate a survival or a pro-autophagic and pro-apoptosis mechanism, depending on the oxidative stress-responsive endowment of the targeted cell. This review will try to focus on this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
- Scientific Secretary-Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), 8610 Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), 8610 Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, DanyloHalytskyLviv National Medical University, 79007 Lviv, Ukraine.
| | - Antonio Vella
- AOUI Verona, University Hospital, Section of Immunology, 37134 Verona, Italy.
| | - Larysa Lenchyk
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, National University of Pharmacy, 61168 Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - Taras Upyr
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National University of Pharmacy, 61168 Kharkiv, Ukraine.
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