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Seefat MR, Stege CAM, Lissenberg-Witte BI, Levin MD, Timmers GJ, Hoogendoorn M, Ypma PF, Klein SK, Velders GA, Westerman M, Strobbe L, Durdu-Rayman N, Davidis-van Schoonhoven MA, van Kampen RJW, Dijk AC, Koster A, Silbermann MH, van der Spek E, Beeker A, Erjavec Z, de Graauw NCHP, Leys MBL, Sonneveld P, van de Donk NWCJ, Nasserinejad K, Blommestein HM, Cucchi DGJ, Zweegman S. Quality of life gains in frail and intermediate-fit patients with multiple Myeloma: Findings from the prospective HOVON123 clinical trial. Eur J Cancer 2024; 207:114153. [PMID: 38870747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2024.114153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frailty in newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients is associated with treatment-related toxicity, which negatively affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Currently, data on changes in HRQoL of frail and intermediate-fit MM patients during active treatment and post-treatment follow-up are absent. METHODS The HOVON123 study (NTR4244) was a phase II trial in which NDMM patients ≥ 75 years were treated with nine dose-adjusted cycles of Melphalan-Prednisone-Bortezomib (MPV). Two HRQoL instruments (EORTC QLQ-C30 and -MY20) were obtained before start of treatment, after 3 and 9 months of treatment and 6 and 12 months after treatment for patients who did not yet start second-line treatment. HRQoL changes and/or differences in frail and intermediate-fit patients (IMWG frailty score) were reported only when both statistically significant (p < 0.005) and clinically relevant (>MID). RESULTS 137 frail and 71 intermediate-fit patients were included in the analysis. Compliance was high and comparable in both groups. At baseline, frail patients reported lower global health status, lower physical functioning scores and more fatigue and pain compared to intermediate-fit patients. Both groups improved in global health status and future perspective; polyneuropathy complaints worsened over time. Frail patients improved over time in physical functioning, fatigue and pain. Improvement in global health status occurred earlier than in intermediate-fit patients. CONCLUSION HRQoL improved during anti-myeloma treatment in both intermediate-fit and frail MM patients. In frail patients, improvement occurred faster and, in more domains, which was retained during follow-up. This implies that physicians should not withhold safe and effective therapies from frail patients in fear of HRQoL deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Seefat
- Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlandsī
| | - C A M Stege
- Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlandsī
| | - B I Lissenberg-Witte
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M D Levin
- Internal Medicine, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
| | - G J Timmers
- Internal Medicine, Amstelland Hospital, Amstelveen, the Netherlands
| | - M Hoogendoorn
- Hematology, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - P F Ypma
- Hematology, Haga Hospital, Den Haag, the Netherlands
| | - S K Klein
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands
| | - G A Velders
- Internal Medicine, Ziekenhuis Gelderse Vallei, Ede, the Netherlands
| | - M Westerman
- Internal Medicine, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - L Strobbe
- Internal Medicine, Gelre Hospital Zutphen, Zutphen, the Netherlands
| | - N Durdu-Rayman
- Internal Medicine, Franciscus Hospital location Vlietland, Schiedam, the Netherlands
| | | | - R J W van Kampen
- Internal Medicine-hematology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands
| | - A C Dijk
- Internal Medicine, St Jansdal Hospital, Harderwijk, the Netherlands
| | - A Koster
- Internal Medicine, Viecuri Medical Center, Venlo, the Netherlands
| | - M H Silbermann
- Internal Medicine, Tergooi Hospital, Hilversum, the Netherlands
| | - E van der Spek
- Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
| | - A Beeker
- Internal Medicine, MBA Spaarne Gasthuis, Hoofddorp, the Netherlands
| | - Z Erjavec
- Internal Medicine, Treant ziekenhuis, Hoogeveen, the Netherlands
| | | | - M B L Leys
- Hematology and Oncology, Maasstad ziekenhuis, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P Sonneveld
- Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlandsī
| | - N W C J van de Donk
- Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlandsī
| | - K Nasserinejad
- Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlandsī
| | - H M Blommestein
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - D G J Cucchi
- Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlandsī; Internal Medicine, Franciscus Hospital location Vlietland, Schiedam, the Netherlands
| | - S Zweegman
- Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlandsī.
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Geraldes C, Roque A, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Neves M, Ionita A, Gerivaz R, Tomé A, Afonso S, Silveira MP, Sousa P, Bergantim R, João C. Practical management of disease-related manifestations and drug toxicities in patients with multiple myeloma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1282300. [PMID: 38585008 PMCID: PMC10995327 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1282300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a very heterogeneous disease with multiple symptoms and clinical manifestations. MM affects mainly elderly patients and is difficult to manage in the presence of comorbidities, polypharmacy, frailty and adverse events of disease-targeted drugs. The rapid changes in MM treatment resulting from constant innovations in this area, together with the introduction of numerous new drugs with distinct mechanisms of action and toxicity profiles, have led to an increased complexity in the therapeutic decision-making and patient management processes. The prolonged exposure to novel agents, sometimes in combination with conventional therapies, makes this management even more challenging. A careful balance between treatment efficacy and its tolerability should be considered for every patient. During treatment, a close monitoring of comorbidities, disease-related manifestations and treatment side effects is recommended, as well as a proactive approach, with reinforcement of information and patient awareness for the early recognition of adverse events, allowing prompt therapeutic adjustments. In this review, we discuss various issues that must be considered in the treatment of MM patients, while giving practical guidance for monitoring, prevention and management of myeloma-related manifestations and treatment-related toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Geraldes
- Serviço de Hematologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Adriana Roque
- Serviço de Hematologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Serviço de Hematologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel Neves
- Hemato-Oncology Unit, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alina Ionita
- Hematology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita Gerivaz
- Serviço de Hemato-oncologia, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Tomé
- Serviço de Hemato-oncologia, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sofia Afonso
- Serviço de Hematologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Cova da Beira, Covilhã, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Maria Pedro Silveira
- Serviço de Imuno-Hemoterapia, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, EPE, Amadora, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Sousa
- Serviço de Imuno-Hemoterapia, Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando Fonseca, EPE, Amadora, Portugal
| | - Rui Bergantim
- Serviço de Hematologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovaçáo em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina João
- Hemato-Oncology Unit, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisboa, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Nadeem O, Ailawadhi S, Khouri J, Williams L, Catamero D, Maples K, Berdeja J. Management of Adverse Events Associated with Pomalidomide-Based Combinations in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1023. [PMID: 38473381 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Multi-agent regimens incorporating immunomodulatory (IMiD®) agents such as thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide have become the preferred standard of care for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), resulting in improved survival outcomes. Currently, there are three IMiD agents approved for the treatment of MM: thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide. Lenalidomide is commonly used to treat patients with newly diagnosed MM and as maintenance therapy following stem cell transplant or after disease relapse. Pomalidomide, the focus of this review, is approved in patients with relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM). Despite survival benefits, IMiD agents each have different safety profiles requiring consideration both prior to starting therapy and during treatment. Adverse event (AE) management is essential, not only to ensure treatment adherence and thus ensure optimal efficacy but also to maintain patient quality of life. Here, we discuss AEs associated with pomalidomide and present five clinically relevant hypothetical case studies in patients with RRMM to provide scenario-driven guidance regarding treatment selection and AE prevention and management in the clinical setting. Lastly, as new treatment approaches continue to be explored in MM, we also discuss novel cereblon E3 ligase modulator (CELMoD™) agents including iberdomide (CC-220) and mezigdomide (CC-92480).
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Nadeem
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sikander Ailawadhi
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Jack Khouri
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Louis Williams
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | | | - Kathryn Maples
- Department of Pharmacy, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jesús Berdeja
- Greco-Hainsworth Centers for Cancer Research, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
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Smulders PSH, Heikamp K, Hermanides J, Hollmann MW, Ten Hoope W, Weber NC. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy models constructed from human induced pluripotent stem cells and directly converted cells: a systematic review. Pain 2024:00006396-990000000-00530. [PMID: 38381959 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Developments in human cellular reprogramming now allow for the generation of human neurons for in vitro disease modelling. This technique has since been used for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) research, resulting in the description of numerous CIPN models constructed from human neurons. This systematic review provides a critical analysis of available models and their methodological considerations (ie, used cell type and source, CIPN induction strategy, and validation method) for prospective researchers aiming to incorporate human in vitro models of CIPN in their research. The search strategy was developed with assistance from a clinical librarian and conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed) and Embase (Ovid) on September 26, 2023. Twenty-six peer-reviewed experimental studies presenting original data about human reprogrammed nonmotor neuron cell culture systems and relevant market available chemotherapeutics drugs were included. Virtually, all recent reports modeled CIPN using nociceptive dorsal root ganglion neurons. Drugs known to cause the highest incidence of CIPN were most used. Furthermore, treatment effects were almost exclusively validated by the acute effects of chemotherapeutics on neurite dynamics and cytotoxicity parameters, enabling the extrapolation of the half-maximal inhibitory concentration for the 4 most used chemotherapeutics. Overall, substantial heterogeneity was observed in the way studies applied chemotherapy and reported their findings. We therefore propose 6 suggestions to improve the clinical relevance and appropriateness of human cellular reprogramming-derived CIPN models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal S H Smulders
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Laboratory for Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kim Heikamp
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Laboratory for Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Hermanides
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Laboratory for Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Laboratory for Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Werner Ten Hoope
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Laboratory for Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
| | - Nina C Weber
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Laboratory for Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L.E.I.C.A.), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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5
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Macher S, Bsteh G, Pataraia E, Berger T, Höftberger R, Rommer PS. The three pillars in treating antibody-mediated encephalitis. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2024; 136:13-24. [PMID: 37278857 PMCID: PMC10776469 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-023-02214-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The rapid initiation of immunotherapy has a decisive impact on the course of the disease in patients with antibody-mediated encephalitis (AE). The importance of treating AE with antiseizure medication and antipsychotics is discussed controversially; however, standardized procedures should be ensured, especially for the initiation of treatment in severe disease. Recommendations and guidelines for further interventions in refractory courses are needed. In this review, we contrast the three mainstays of treatment options in patients with AE and attempt to highlight the importance of 1) antiseizure therapy, 2) antipsychotic therapy, and 3) immunotherapy/tumor resection from today's perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Macher
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Bsteh
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Pataraia
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Berger
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Höftberger
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P S Rommer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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6
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Zeng L, Huang H, Qirong C, Ruan C, Liu Y, An W, Guo Q, Zhou J. Multiple myeloma patients undergoing chemotherapy: Which symptom clusters impact quality of life? J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:7247-7259. [PMID: 37303229 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To identify symptom clusters and examine their association with health-related quality of life. BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma patients undergoing chemotherapy suffer from disease symptoms and adverse effects during the course of the disease. However, single symptom management has little effect, and symptom management for these patients remains challenging. Symptom clusters open a new perspective and provide important clues for symptom management. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHOD Participants were invited to complete the Chinese version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale and Quality of Life Questionnaire-core 30. Appropriate indicators were used for descriptive statistics. Principal component analysis was used to identify symptom clusters. Associations between symptom clusters and quality of life were examined with Pearson correlation coefficients, Pearson correlation matrix and multiple linear regression. This study was reported following the STROBE checklist. RESULTS A total of 177 participants were recruited from seven hospitals in this study. We identified self-image disorder, psychological, gastrointestinal, neurological, somatic and pain symptom clusters in multiple myeloma patients with chemotherapy. Approximately 97.65% of patients suffer from multiple symptom clusters. The pain, psychological and gastrointestinal symptom clusters have negatively influence on health-related quality of life. The strongest association was found with the pain symptom cluster. CONCLUSION Most of multiple myeloma patients suffer from multiple symptom clusters. When improving the multiple myeloma patients' health-related quality of life, the clinical staff should prioritise relieving the pain symptom cluster. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE When multiple myeloma patients undergoing chemotherapy suffer from multiple symptom clusters, nurses should prioritise relieving the pain symptom cluster to improve their health-related quality of life. When drawing up and providing interventions, nurses should focus on the correlation among symptoms rather than single symptom. By relieving one symptom in a given cluster, other symptoms within the same symptom cluster may also be relieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zeng
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Huang
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Qirong
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chunhong Ruan
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaqi Liu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenhong An
- School of Health and Wellness, Panzhihua University, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinqin Guo
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiandang Zhou
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Beydoun SR, Darki L. Paraproteinemic Neuropathies. Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2023; 29:1492-1513. [PMID: 37851040 DOI: 10.1212/con.0000000000001294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coexistence of polyneuropathy and gammopathy is a common but potentially challenging situation in clinical practice. This article reviews the clinical, electrophysiologic, and hematologic phenotypes of the paraproteinemic neuropathies and the diagnostic and treatment strategies for each. LATEST DEVELOPMENTS Advances in our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of various paraproteinemic neuropathies and their corresponding phenotypes have identified potential new therapeutic targets. Therapeutic strategies to diminish anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) IgM antibodies have shown partial and inconsistent efficacy; however, antigen-specific immune therapy is being investigated as a novel treatment to remove the presumably pathogenic anti-MAG antibody. Advances in genetic and cell signaling studies have resulted in the approval of Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors for Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Monoclonal antibodies are being investigated for the treatment of light chain amyloidosis. ESSENTIAL POINTS Early recognition and treatment of underlying plasma cell disorders improves clinical outcomes in patients with paraproteinemic neuropathy. Despite significant progress, our knowledge regarding underlying mechanisms for paraproteinemic neuropathy is still limited. Clinicians' awareness of clinical phenotypes, electrophysiologic hallmarks, and hematologic findings of the different paraproteinemic neuropathies is crucial to promptly identify and treat patients and to avert misdiagnosis. Multidisciplinary collaboration among specialists, including neurologists and hematologists, is paramount for the optimal treatment of these patients with overlapping conditions.
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Vargesson N, Hooper G, Giddins G, Hunter A, Stirling P, Lam W. Thalidomide upper limb embryopathy - pathogenesis, past and present management and future considerations. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2023; 48:699-709. [PMID: 37226469 PMCID: PMC10466950 DOI: 10.1177/17531934231177425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This review article provides a comprehensive overview of thalidomide upper limb embryopathy including updates about its pathogenesis, a historical account of the management of the paediatric thalidomide patient, experience with management of the adult patient, as well as creating awareness about early onset age-related changes associated with limb differences. Despite its withdrawal from the market in November 1961, novel discoveries have meant thalidomide is licensed again and currently still in use to treat a variety of conditions, including inflammatory disorders and some cancers. Yet, if not used safely, thalidomide still has the potential to cause damage to the embryo. Recent work identifying thalidomide analogues that retain clinical benefits yet without the harmful effects are showing great promise. Understanding the problems thalidomide survivors face as they age can allow surgeons to support their unique healthcare issues and translate these principles of care to other congenital upper limb differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Vargesson
- School of Medicine Medical Sciences & Nutrition. Institute of Medical Sciences. University of Aberdeen. Aberdeen, UK
| | | | | | - Alastair Hunter
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Paul Stirling
- Fife Hand Clinic, Queen Margaret Hospital, Dunfermline, UK
| | - Wee Lam
- Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh, UK
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Dima D, Mazzoni S, Anwer F, Khouri J, Samaras C, Valent J, Williams L. Diagnostic and Treatment Strategies for AL Amyloidosis in an Era of Therapeutic Innovation. JCO Oncol Pract 2023; 19:265-275. [PMID: 36854070 DOI: 10.1200/op.22.00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress and improving outcomes in the management of plasma cell disorders, AL amyloidosis remains diagnostically and therapeutically challenging for clinicians across practice settings. There is, however, a reason for optimism with the advent of new combination therapy approaches and novel targets offering the promise of improvement in end organ function, survival, and quality of life. This review offers a clinically applicable overview of an approach to diagnosis, risk stratification, and clinical management of AL amyloidosis in an era of rapid therapeutic innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danai Dima
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Sandra Mazzoni
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Faiz Anwer
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Jack Khouri
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Jason Valent
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
| | - Louis Williams
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH
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10
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Neurofilament light chain levels indicate acute axonal damage under bortezomib treatment. J Neurol 2023; 270:2997-3007. [PMID: 36802032 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11624-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bortezomib (BTZ) is a selective and reversible proteasome inhibitor and first line treatment for multiple myeloma (MM). One of the side effects is BTZ-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN). Until now there is no biomarker which can predict this side effect and its severity. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a neuron specific cytoskeletal protein, of which higher levels can be detected in peripheral blood in case of axon damage. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between NfL serum levels and characteristics of BIPN. METHODS We performed a first interim analysis of a monocentric, non-randomized, observational clinical trial including 70 patients (DRKS00025422) diagnosed with MM in the inclusion period of June 2021 until March 2022. Two groups of patients-one with ongoing BTZ treatment at the time of recruiting, and one with BTZ treatment in the past-were compared to controls. NfL in serum was analyzed via the ELLA™ device. RESULTS Both patients with previous and ongoing BTZ treatment had higher serum NfL levels than controls, and patients with ongoing BTZ treatment had higher NfL levels than patients with BTZ treatment in the past. Serum NfL levels correlated with electrophysiological measures of axonal damage in the group with ongoing BTZ treatment. CONCLUSION Elevated NfL levels indicate acute axonal damage under BTZ in MM patients.
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11
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Takeshita AA, Hammock BD, Wagner KM. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition alleviates chemotherapy induced neuropathic pain. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:1100524. [PMID: 36700145 PMCID: PMC9868926 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.1100524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a particularly pernicious form of neuropathy and the associated pain is the primary dose-limiting factor of life-prolonging chemotherapy treatment. The prevalence of CIPN is high and can last long after treatment has been stopped. Currently, late in the COVID-19 pandemic, there are still increased psychological pressures on cancer patients as well as additional challenges in providing analgesia for them. These include the risks of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) analgesics potentially masking early infection symptoms and the immunosuppression of steroidal and opiate based approaches. Even without these concerns, CIPN is often inadequately treated with few therapies that offer significant pain relief. The experiments we report use soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors (sEHI) which relieved this intractable pain in preclinical models. Doses of EC5026, an IND candidate intended to treat neuropathic pain, elicited dose dependent analgesic responses in multiple models including platinum-based, taxane, and vinca alkaloid-based CIPN pain in Sprague Dawley rats. At the same time as a class, the sEHI are known to result in fewer debilitating side effects of other analgesics, likely due to their novel mechanism of action. Overall, the observed dose-dependent analgesia in both male and female rats across multiple models of chemotherapy induced neuropathic pain holds promise as a useful tool when translated to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- EicOsis LLC, Davis, CA, United States,Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Karen M. Wagner
- EicOsis LLC, Davis, CA, United States,Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States,Correspondence: Karen M. Wagner ;
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12
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Lv X, Mao Y, Cao S, Feng Y. Animal models of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy for hematological malignancies: A review. IBRAIN 2022; 9:72-89. [PMID: 37786517 PMCID: PMC10529012 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is one of the main treatments for hematologic malignancies. However, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most common long-term toxic reactions in chemotherapy, and the occurrence of CIPN affects patients' quality of life and can cause interruption of chemotherapy in severe cases, thus reducing the efficacy of chemotherapy. We currently summarize the existing CIPN animal models, including the characteristics of several common animal models such as bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy, vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy, and oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. It was found that CIPN may lead to behavioral, histopathological, and neurophysiological changes inducing peripheral neuropathy. However, the mechanism of CIPN has not been fully elucidated, especially the prevention and treatment protocols need to be improved. Therefore, this review article summarizes the progress of research on CIPN animal models and the possible mechanisms and treatment of CIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Lv
- Department of HematologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Yingwei Mao
- Department of BiologyPenn State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Song Cao
- Department of AnesthesiologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
- Department of Pain MedicineAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Yonghuai Feng
- Department of HematologyAffiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
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13
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Snavely AR, Heo K, Petrova V, Ho TSY, Huang X, Hermawan C, Kagan R, Deng T, Singeç I, Chen L, Barret LB, Woolf CJ. Bortezomib-induced neurotoxicity in human neurons is the consequence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide depletion. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:285891. [PMID: 36398590 PMCID: PMC9789399 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteosome inhibitor bortezomib has revolutionized the treatment of multiple hematologic malignancies, but in many cases, its efficacy is limited by a dose-dependent peripheral neuropathy. We show that human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived motor neurons and sensory neurons provide a model system for the study of bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy, with promising implications for furthering the mechanistic understanding of and developing treatments for preventing axonal damage. Human neurons in tissue culture displayed distal-to-proximal neurite degeneration when exposed to bortezomib. This process coincided with disruptions in mitochondrial function and energy homeostasis, similar to those described in rodent models of bortezomib-induced neuropathy. Moreover, although the degenerative process was unaffected by inhibition of caspases, it was completely blocked by exogenous nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a mediator of the SARM1-dependent axon degeneration pathway. We demonstrate that bortezomib-induced neurotoxicity in relevant human neurons proceeds through mitochondrial dysfunction and NAD+ depletion-mediated axon degeneration, raising the possibility that targeting these changes might provide effective therapeutics for the prevention of bortezomib-induced neuropathy and that modeling chemotherapy-induced neuropathy in human neurons has utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. Snavely
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Program in Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Present address: NYU Langone, Department of Medicine, 550 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Keungjung Heo
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Program in Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Veselina Petrova
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Program in Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tammy Szu-Yu Ho
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Program in Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xuan Huang
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Program in Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Crystal Hermawan
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Program in Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ruth Kagan
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tao Deng
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Ilyas Singeç
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Division of Preclinical Innovation, Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Long Chen
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Program in Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lee B. Barret
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Program in Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clifford J. Woolf
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Program in Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Authors for correspondence (; )
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14
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Major A, Jakubowiak A, Derman B. Longitudinal Real-World Neuropathy and Patient-Reported Outcomes With Bortezomib and Lenalidomide in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2022; 22:e1000-e1008. [PMID: 35922273 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peripheral neuropathy is a common treatment-emergent side effect during the treatment of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Although bortezomib is most commonly implicated, real-world data suggest that lenalidomide and dexamethasone (VRd) and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) may also contribute to neuropathy and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). METHODS The Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation (MMRF) CoMMpass Registry was queried for all patients who received frontline VRd or bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (VCd). Incidence of neuropathy and patient-reported HRQoL outcomes over the first 12 months after diagnosis were compared between patients receiving VRd or VCd with or without early ASCT before 6 months. RESULTS There were 368 and 191 patients treated with VRd and VCd, respectively. VRd with early ASCT was associated with worse grade 1 neuropathy compared to VRd without early ASCT, as well as compared to VCd with early ASCT. There were no differences in neuropathy between VRd and VCd without early ASCT, and no differences in grade ≥2 neuropathy. There were significant improvements in HRQoL between baseline and 12 months in both VRd and VCd cohorts, regardless of early ASCT. Development of neuropathy was not associated with decrements in progression-free survival or overall survival. CONCLUSIONS In this longitudinal database analysis, there were no differences in grade ≥2 neuropathy between VRd and VCd frontline induction, and overall HRQoL significantly improved across all cohorts. However, differences in grade 1 neuropathy between VRd and VCd induction suggest that lenalidomide and high-dose melphalan may augment the risk of neuropathy in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Major
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
| | - Andrzej Jakubowiak
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Benjamin Derman
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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15
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Cao X, Wu G, Jiao B, Zhang X. Refractory postherpetic neuralgia in a multiple myeloma patient with lenalidomide maintenance therapy: a case report. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221123882. [PMID: 36171724 PMCID: PMC9523867 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221123882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpes zoster is not common in multiple myeloma (MM) patients treated with lenalidomide-based regimens. We report an MM patient in his late 60s who received lenalidomide as maintenance treatment and whose condition was complicated with refractory postherpetic neuralgia. The patient received antiviral treatment and analgesia immediately after the diagnosis of herpes zoster. Two months later, the patient received acupuncture, radiofrequency treatment, and even spinal cord stimulation, which failed to relieve the pain. Consequently, we performed high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical and thoracic nerves. Then, stellate ganglion block, left C5/C6/C7/C8 nerve root block, and left thoracic 1, 2 paravertebral nerve block were performed with the assistance of real-time ultrasound. The pain was immediately relieved after treatment; however, the symptoms reappeared 2 days later. At 5 months after treatment, the patient still experienced severe pain. We suggest that MM patients complicated with postherpetic neuralgia are refractory to treatment. Starting nerve block therapy, pulsed radiofrequency, and other interventional therapies as early as possible could be a more optimal treatment plan for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Jiao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianwei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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16
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Łuczkowska K, Rogińska D, Kulig P, Bielikowicz A, Baumert B, Machaliński B. Bortezomib-Induced Epigenetic Alterations in Nerve Cells: Focus on the Mechanisms Contributing to the Peripheral Neuropathy Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052431. [PMID: 35269574 PMCID: PMC8910765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BiPN) occurs in approximately 40% of patients with multiple myeloma. The induction of severe neuropathy entails the dose reduction or complete elimination of bortezomib (BTZ). Interestingly, discontinuation of BTZ mostly results in a reduction or complete resolution of peripheral neuropathy (PN) symptoms. Therefore, it is likely that the BiPN mechanisms are based on temporary/reversible changes such as epigenetic alterations. In this study, we examined the effect of treating nerve cells, differentiated from the Lund human mesencephalic (dLUHMES) cell line, with several low-dose BTZ (0.15 nM) applications. We showed a significant decrease in global histone H3 acetylation as well as histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation. Moreover, analysis of the genetic microarray showed changes mainly in epigenetic processes related to chromatin rearrangement, chromatin silencing, and gene silencing. GSEA analysis revealed three interesting signaling pathways (SIRT1, B-WICH and, b-Catenin) that may play a pivotal role in PN development. We also performed an analysis of the miRNA microarray which showed the interactions of miR-6810-5p with the genes MSN, FOXM1, TSPAN9, and SLC1A5, which are directly involved in neuroprotective processes, neuronal differentiation, and signal transduction. The study confirmed the existence of BTZ-induced complex epigenetic alterations in nerve cells. However, further studies are necessary to assess the reversibility of epigenetic changes and their potential impact on the induction/resolution of PN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Łuczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.R.); (P.K.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: (K.Ł.); (B.M.); Tel.: +48-914-661-546 (B.M.); Fax: +48-914-661-548 (B.M.)
| | - Dorota Rogińska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.R.); (P.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Piotr Kulig
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.R.); (P.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Bielikowicz
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.R.); (P.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Bartłomiej Baumert
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (D.R.); (P.K.); (A.B.)
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (K.Ł.); (B.M.); Tel.: +48-914-661-546 (B.M.); Fax: +48-914-661-548 (B.M.)
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17
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Epstein M, Morrison C. Practical guidance for new multiple myeloma treatment regimens: A nursing perspective. Semin Oncol 2022; 49:103-117. [PMID: 35197198 PMCID: PMC9149030 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
As is the case for solid tumors, treatment paradigms have shifted from non-specific chemotherapeutic agents towards novel targeted drugs in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Currently, multiple targeted therapies are available to treat patients augmenting the arsenal of modalities which also includes chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCST) and chimeric antigen T-cell therapy (CAR-T). These novel, targeted agents have dramatically increased optimism for patients, who may now be treated over many years with successive regimens. As fortunate as we are to have these new therapies available for our patients, this advantage is juxtaposed with the challenges involved with delivering them safely. While each class of agents has demonstrated efficacy, in terms of response rates and survival, they also exert class effects which pose risks for toxicity. In addition, newer generation agents within the classes often have slightly different toxicity profiles than did their predecessors. These factors must be addressed, and their risks mitigated by the multidisciplinary team. This review presents a summary of the evolution of drug development for MM. For each targeted agent, the efficacy data from pivotal trials and highlights of the risks that were demonstrated in trials, as well as during post-marketing surveillance, are presented. Specific risks associated with agents within the classes, that are not shared with all new class members, are described. A table presenting these potential risks, with recommended nursing actions to mitigate toxicity, is provided as a quick reference that nurses may use during the planning, and provision, of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Epstein
- National Cancer Institute, Office of Research Nursing, Bethesda, MD.
| | - Candis Morrison
- United States Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Building 22 Room 2319 Silver Spring Maryland 20993
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18
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Burgess J, Ferdousi M, Gosal D, Boon C, Matsumoto K, Marshall A, Mak T, Marshall A, Frank B, Malik RA, Alam U. Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Epidemiology, Pathomechanisms and Treatment. Oncol Ther 2021; 9:385-450. [PMID: 34655433 PMCID: PMC8593126 DOI: 10.1007/s40487-021-00168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This review provides an update on the current clinical, epidemiological and pathophysiological evidence alongside the diagnostic, prevention and treatment approach to chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). FINDINGS The incidence of cancer and long-term survival after treatment is increasing. CIPN affects sensory, motor and autonomic nerves and is one of the most common adverse events caused by chemotherapeutic agents, which in severe cases leads to dose reduction or treatment cessation, with increased mortality. The primary classes of chemotherapeutic agents associated with CIPN are platinum-based drugs, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, bortezomib and thalidomide. Platinum agents are the most neurotoxic, with oxaliplatin causing the highest prevalence of CIPN. CIPN can progress from acute to chronic, may deteriorate even after treatment cessation (a phenomenon known as coasting) or only partially attenuate. Different chemotherapeutic agents share both similarities and key differences in pathophysiology and clinical presentation. The diagnosis of CIPN relies heavily on identifying symptoms, with limited objective diagnostic approaches targeting the class of affected nerve fibres. Studies have consistently failed to identify at-risk cohorts, and there are no proven strategies or interventions to prevent or limit the development of CIPN. Furthermore, multiple treatments developed to relieve symptoms and to modify the underlying disease in CIPN have failed. IMPLICATIONS The increasing prevalence of CIPN demands an objective approach to identify at-risk patients in order to prevent or limit progression and effectively alleviate the symptoms associated with CIPN. An evidence base for novel targets and both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments is beginning to emerge and has been recognised recently in publications by the American Society of Clinical Oncology and analgesic trial design expert groups such as ACTTION.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Burgess
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, The Pain Research Institute, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool University Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK.
- Clinical Sciences Centre, Aintree University Hospital, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK.
| | - Maryam Ferdousi
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, NIHR/Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Manchester, UK
| | - David Gosal
- Department of Neurology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - Cheng Boon
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Kohei Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, The Pain Research Institute, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool University Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Anne Marshall
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, The Pain Research Institute, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool University Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Tony Mak
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Andrew Marshall
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, The Pain Research Institute, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK
- Department of Pain Medicine, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, L9 7LJ, UK
| | - Bernhard Frank
- Department of Pain Medicine, The Walton Centre, Liverpool, L9 7LJ, UK
| | - Rayaz A Malik
- Research Division, Qatar Foundation, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Doha, Qatar
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Uazman Alam
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, The Pain Research Institute, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool University Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK.
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Gastroenterology, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
- Clinical Sciences Centre, Aintree University Hospital, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK.
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19
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Dolph M, Tremblay G, Leong H. Cost Effectiveness of Triplet Selinexor-Bortezomib-Dexamethasone (XVd) in Previously Treated Multiple Myeloma (MM) Based on Results from the Phase III BOSTON Trial. PHARMACOECONOMICS 2021; 39:1309-1325. [PMID: 34368938 PMCID: PMC8516793 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-021-01068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Nearly all patients with multiple myeloma undergo multiple rounds of therapy. The phase III BOSTON trial of once-weekly selinexor and once-weekly bortezomib with dexamethasone (XVd) vs twice-weekly bortezomib and dexamethasone (Vd) is the basis for this cost-effectiveness analysis in previously treated multiple myeloma from a US commercial payer perspective over a lifetime horizon. METHODS A partitioned survival model enabled use of direct overall survival and progression-free survival curves from BOSTON to generate four health states for XVd and Vd: progression-free survival on treatment, progression-free survival off treatment, post-progression, and mortality. Using a 1-week cycle length, benefits and costs were discounted at 3.0% annually. Additional comparators were included in an exploratory analysis that compared XVd against seven additional regimens (six triplets, one doublet). RESULTS After considering costs, utility, progression, and survival, the base-case incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of XVd vs Vd was $475,430/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). The 50% cost-effectiveness probability midpoint was near $470,000/QALY, based on a probabilistic sensitivity analysis. The robustness of the analysis was supported by additional scenario assessment and deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses, which generally demonstrated little variance, with greatest sensitivity to variations in discount rates and utility values. In an exploratory analysis against external comparators, XVd showed a higher QALY gain with a lower cost (i.e., dominance) compared with lenalidomide/dexamethasone (Rd), pomalidomide/bortezomib/dexamethasone (PVd), and carfilzomib/pomalidomide/dexamethasone (KPd). CONCLUSIONS Addition of XVd to the previously treated multiple myeloma treatment landscape provides a novel oral treatment option, which, when compared to Vd in the base-case analysis resulted in an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $475,430/QALY. Exploratory analyses comparing against external comparators suggest that XVd was dominant vs Rd, PVd, and KPd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dolph
- Purple Squirrel Economics Montreal, 1600 Notre Dame W, Suite 201, Montreal, QC, H3J 1M1, Canada
| | - Gabriel Tremblay
- Purple Squirrel Economics Montreal, 1600 Notre Dame W, Suite 201, Montreal, QC, H3J 1M1, Canada.
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20
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Łuczkowska K, Rutka M, Rogińska D, Paczkowska E, Baumert B, Milczarek S, Górska M, Kulig P, Osękowska B, Janowski M, Safranow K, Sommerfeld K, Borowiecka E, Zawodny P, Koclęga A, Helbig G, Machaliński B. The Potential Role of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Complement Components in the Development of Drug-Induced Neuropathy in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194584. [PMID: 34640602 PMCID: PMC8509696 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The launch of novel chemotherapeutic agents-in particular, proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs-dramatically changed multiple myeloma (MM) therapy, improving the response rate and prolonging progression-free survival. However, none of the anti-MM drugs are deprived of side effects. Peripheral neuropathy (PN) seems to be one of the most pressing problems. Despite extensive research in this area, the pathogenesis of drug-induced peripheral neuropathy (DiPN) has not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to assess the potential relationship between proinflammatory factors and the development of PN in MM patients with particular emphasis on the application of VTD (bortezomib, thalidomide, dexamethasone) regimen. Our analysis identified increased concentrations of CCL2, IL-1β, and IFN-γ in plasma of MM patients during treatment, both with and without symptoms of PN, compared with untreated neuropathy-free MM patients. At the same time, the plasma concentration of IL-1β in patients with neuropathy was significantly increased compared with patients without PN before and during treatment. Moreover, the results were enhanced at the transcript level by performing global mRNA expression analysis using microarray technology. The most significant changes were observed in the expression of genes responsible for regulating immunological and apoptotic processes. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the development of DiPN might in the future reduce the incidence of PN and accelerate diagnosis, allowing the choice of neuropathy-free treatment strategies for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Łuczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (M.R.); (D.R.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (M.G.); (P.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Magdalena Rutka
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (M.R.); (D.R.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (M.G.); (P.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Dorota Rogińska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (M.R.); (D.R.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (M.G.); (P.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Edyta Paczkowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (M.R.); (D.R.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (M.G.); (P.K.); (P.Z.)
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (B.B.); (B.O.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Bartłomiej Baumert
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (B.B.); (B.O.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Sławomir Milczarek
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (M.R.); (D.R.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (M.G.); (P.K.); (P.Z.)
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (B.B.); (B.O.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Martyna Górska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (M.R.); (D.R.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (M.G.); (P.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Piotr Kulig
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (M.R.); (D.R.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (M.G.); (P.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Bogumiła Osękowska
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (B.B.); (B.O.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Michał Janowski
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (B.B.); (B.O.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Sommerfeld
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (B.B.); (B.O.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Ewa Borowiecka
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (B.B.); (B.O.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.B.)
| | - Piotr Zawodny
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (M.R.); (D.R.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (M.G.); (P.K.); (P.Z.)
| | - Anna Koclęga
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Silesia, 40-027 Katowice, Poland; (A.K.); (G.H.)
| | - Grzegorz Helbig
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Silesia, 40-027 Katowice, Poland; (A.K.); (G.H.)
| | - Bogusław Machaliński
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.Ł.); (M.R.); (D.R.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (M.G.); (P.K.); (P.Z.)
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland; (B.B.); (B.O.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Schoenbeck KL, Fiala MA, Wildes TM. Bortezomib in first-line therapy is associated with falls in older adults with multiple myeloma. J Geriatr Oncol 2021; 12:1005-1009. [PMID: 33750674 PMCID: PMC8419206 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bortezomib is a common multiple myeloma therapy that can cause treatment-related peripheral neuropathy, a risk factor for falls. The relationship between bortezomib and falls in older patients with multiple myeloma is unknown. METHODS We analyzed the SEER-Medicare database for patients aged 65 or older diagnosed with multiple myeloma between 2007 and 2013. Claims were analyzed for myeloma treatments, falls, and covariates of interest. We evaluated accidental falls occurring within 12 months after starting first-line multiple myeloma treatment with bortezomib. RESULTS Bortezomib was used in first-line therapy for 2052 older adults with new diagnoses of multiple myeloma. Claims for falls were reported in 157 (8%) patients within 12 months after starting bortezomib, compared to 102 (5%) patients not receiving bortezomib (p < 0.001). Bortezomib was associated with a 36% increased risk of falls after controlling for covariates (aHR 1.36; 95% CI 1.05-1.75; p = 0.018). In a landmark analysis of those who survived 12 months after starting treatment, the median overall survival of those with a fall was 35.7 months compared to 49.1 months for those without (p < 0.0001). A fall in the first year after diagnosis was associated with a 26% increased risk in hazard for death (aHR 1.26; 95% CI 1.02-1.56; p = 0.033). CONCLUSION In older adults with multiple myeloma, bortezomib was associated with an increased risk of having a diagnostic code for falls. Decreased overall survival was seen in those who fell within the year of starting therapy. Prospective trials involving fall assessments and fall-prevention interventions are needed in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Schoenbeck
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America.
| | - Mark A Fiala
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States of America; Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Tanya M Wildes
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States of America
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22
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Dolph M, Tremblay G, Leong H. US Budget Impact Model for Selinexor, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Previously Treated Multiple Myeloma. CLINICOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2021; 13:493-502. [PMID: 34140789 PMCID: PMC8203300 DOI: 10.2147/ceor.s305830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate the budget impact of selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (XVd) in patients with previously treated multiple myeloma (MM) from the perspective of a private third-party payer and Medicare in the US. METHODS The introduction of XVd as an option for patients with previously treated MM compared to no introduction of XVd was considered from a private third-party US payer (with 1,000,000 members) and a Medicare perspective in one-year increments for 3 years. Total annual treatment costs were calculated as the sum of drug costs, costs of treating serious treatment emergent adverse events (grade ≥3), ongoing best supportive care costs, and mortality costs. RESULTS The absolute budget impact (Millions, USD) of including XVd from a private third-party payer plan perspective was $0.06, $0.07, $0.08 and $0.22 for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. The relative budget impact of including XVd was 0.33%, 0.40%, 0.43%, and 0.38% for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. This translated to a per member per month (PMPM) budget impact of $0.005, $0.006, $0.007, and $0.006 (USD), for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. From a Medicare perspective, the absolute budget impact (Millions, USD) of including XVd was $29.68, $36.62, $39.42 and $105.72 for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. The relative budget impact of including XVd was 0.33%, 0.40%, 0.43%, and 0.38% percent for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. This translated to a PMPM budget impact of $0.041, $0.051, $0.054, and $0.049 (USD), for years 1, 2, 3, and overall, respectively. Sensitivity analyses showed general consistency with the base-case findings. CONCLUSION Understanding the potential budget impact of new therapies in MM is vital for payers to manage spending and assess treatment value. The introduction of XVd presents a manageable budget impact for a third-party US payer and Medicare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Dolph
- Health Economics Department, Purple Squirrel Economics, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Gabriel Tremblay
- Health Economics Department, Purple Squirrel Economics, New York, NY, 10010, USA
| | - Hoyee Leong
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Global Medical and Scientific Affairs, Karyopharm Therapeutics, Newton, MA, 02459, USA
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23
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Ballegaard M, Nelson LM, Gimsing P. Comparing neuropathy in multiple myeloma and AL amyloidosis. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2020; 26:75-82. [PMID: 33368817 DOI: 10.1111/jns.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is frequent in patients with monoclonal gammopathy due to plasma cell dyscrasia, but little is known about the comparative impact of nerve dysfunction in different disorders. We compared clinical and laboratory results between two diagnostic groups. We recruited 76 untreated multiple myeloma (MM) and 27 AL amyloidosis (ALA) patients for evaluation of symptoms, clinical findings and nerve conduction studies (NCS). We diagnosed significant PN using total neuropathy scores (TNS > 7) in 17.6% of MM and 48.1% of ALA patients and in 27.7% of MM and 35.7% of ALA patients using NCS findings. TNS score grades were significantly higher in the AL amyloidosis patients (Fisher's exact test: P = .02) but a NCS based PN diagnosis was not significantly different (Fisher's exact test: P = .13). A significantly higher TNS vibration (P = .04) and pin (P = .02) sensory sign and TNS reflex (P = .04) sign score was found in amyloidosis patients. Likewise, quantitative sensory thresholds for vibration was higher in amyloidosis patients (Welsh ANOVA: P = .01). NCS revealed signs of more frequent axonal tibial neuropathy with significantly lower motor response amplitudes (P = .02) and resulting higher TNS scores (P = .002), while sural nerve sensory response amplitudes were without significant difference (P = .86). We found more severe TNS grades of PN in AL amyloidosis patients compared with MM patients. We also found higher sensory symptoms scores and higher thresholds for vibration but similar sensory involvement using NCS. The NCS exclusively showed signs of an axonal neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ballegaard
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Neurology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Peter Gimsing
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Haematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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24
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Ramasubbu SK, Pasricha RK, Nath UK, Das B. Frequency, nature, severity and preventability of adverse drug reactions arising from cancer chemotherapy in a teaching hospital. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:3349-3355. [PMID: 33102295 PMCID: PMC7567243 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_352_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as “Any response to a drug which is noxious, unintended and occurs at doses used in man for prophylaxis, diagnosis or therapy”. Cancer chemotherapy is associated with the occurrence of ADRs, which is a worldwide problem. Monitoring and reporting of these ADRs are essential to safeguard the patient and to manage it accordingly. The outcome would create alertness and prevent their recurrence. Hence, we have undertaken a hospital-based study to study the frequency and nature of ADRs due to chemotherapeutic agents. Methods: A total of 500 patients developed ADRs due to cancer chemotherapy from 13th April 2018 to 18th September 2019. Demographics of the patient, drugs taken, and ADRs encountered were recorded in a predesigned form. Results: A total of 665 ADRs were recorded from 500 patients. Anemia was the most common ADR encountered followed by nausea/vomiting and leucopenia. Leukemia (s) were common cancer observed followed by lung and breast cancers. The most common drugs implicated were cisplatin, paclitaxel, carboplatin, and doxorubicin. Naranjo's scale showed 92% of ADRs as probable and 7% as possible. Severity scale showed 80.2% of ADRs were of moderate (level 3 and 4) severity, 11.6% of mild (level 1 and 2) severity, and 8.2% of level 5 severity. A total of 26.8% of ADRs were deemed preventable and 73.2% were not preventable. Conclusions: Our study provides safety data regarding the usage of anti-cancer drugs. Hence, it creates alertness among the treating doctors to prevent its recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravana Kumar Ramasubbu
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rajesh K Pasricha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Uttam K Nath
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Biswadeep Das
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Virbhadra Road, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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25
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Cary DC, Peterlin BM. Proteasomal Inhibition Potentiates Latent HIV Reactivation. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2020; 36:800-807. [PMID: 32683901 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2020.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART), ART fails to eradicate the virus and HIV cure has remained beyond the reach of current treatments. ART targets replicating virally infected but not latently infected cells, which have limited expression of factors important for proliferation and cellular activity, including positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Levels of the cyclin T1 (CycT1) subunit of P-TEFb are low to absent in resting T cells, and treatment with proteasome inhibitors (PIs) increases CycT1 protein levels to those of proliferating T cells. In this study, the clinically approved PI bortezomib reactivated latent HIV in latently infected primary CD4+ T cells. Bortezomib not only increased levels of CycT1 but also activated NF-κB. Strikingly, as opposed to most currently researched latency reversing agents (LRAs), bortezomib did not require a second LRA to potently reactivate latent HIV. Effects of bortezomib on resting T cells and reactivation of HIV suggest a possible direction for future attempts to diminish the viral reservoir in HIV+ individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele C. Cary
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - B. Matija Peterlin
- Department of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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26
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Terzi H, Altun A, Şencan M. In vitro comparison of the cytotoxic effects of statins on U266 myeloma cell line. Indian J Med Res 2020; 150:630-634. [PMID: 32048627 PMCID: PMC7038803 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_672_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Statins are one of the most widely used drugs and have antilipidemic effects as well as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic effects. It has been shown that the synergistic combinations of statins which can provide better clinical benefit in the treatment of cancer and if administered with other anticancer agents, may be an alternative treatment modality. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of administrating statin in multiple myeloma (MM) cell line on cell proliferation. Methods: U266 myeloma cells were cultured in 25 or 75 cm2 flasks by using cell culture medium mixtures obtained with the supplementation of 10 per cent foetal bovine serum and one per cent of penicillin-streptomycin into RPMI 1640 medium. When the cells reached confluence (reached to the density of 70%), they were reproduced by passaging. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by using the XTT test. Results: Statins (atorvastatin and simvastatin), were administered to the U266 myeloma cell line at 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.12 μM concentrations. Inhibitor concentration 50 (IC50) values calculated for atorvastatin and simvastatin were determined as 94 and 38 μM, respectively. While 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 and 3.12 μM concentrations were used for bortezomib, the IC50 value calculated for this agent was 18.2 nM. When six concentrations of bortezomib used in the study were combined with 12.5 μM inactive concentrations of statins that did not cause inhibition in cell proliferation, both atorvastatin and simvastatin increased the effect of bortezomib at all the concentrations used, and simvastatin showed a stronger efficacy than atorvastatin. Interpretation & conclusions: Our in vitro results indicated that atorvastatin and simvastatin when used along with the conventional treatment in myeloma patients, may improve the effectiveness of the standard therapy and prevent the bortezomib-induced cytotoxic and neurotoxic side effects when used at a low dose. Further studies need to be done in MM patints to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Terzi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Altun
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Şencan
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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27
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Plummer C, Driessen C, Szabo Z, Mateos MV. Management of cardiovascular risk in patients with multiple myeloma. Blood Cancer J 2019; 9:26. [PMID: 30808934 PMCID: PMC6391463 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-019-0183-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy that accounts for 10% of hematological cancers. It predominantly affects elderly people; median age at diagnosis is 70 years. Consequently, many patients with MM have cardiovascular comorbidities or risk factors. MM can cause cardiac comorbidities such as cardiomyopathy and heart failure caused by cardiac amyloidosis and/or anemia. Some of the treatments used in MM can also affect cardiovascular health. Advances in pharmacotherapy for MM, such as the introduction of immunomodulators, proteasome inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies, have dramatically improved progression-free survival and life expectancy, but new agent classes are associated with adverse events that were not previously observed on a regular basis, including cardiovascular events. However, with careful risk assessment, monitoring, and prophylactic therapy, many of these cardiovascular complications can be managed or treated successfully. Most routine cardiovascular surveillance is undertaken by the treating hemato-oncologist, but a multidisciplinary approach involving cardiologists may help to optimize patient outcomes. In this review, we survey the cardiac complications commonly reported in patients with MM, discuss how they can be prevented and managed, and summarize the role cardiologists can play in delivering the best possible outcomes for patients with MM and cardiovascular comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Plummer
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Freeman Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK.
| | - Christoph Driessen
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Kantonsspital St Gallen, Rorschacher Strasse 95, CH-9007, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Zsolt Szabo
- Amgen (Europe) GmbH, Suurstoffi 22, 6343, Rotkreuz, Switzerland
| | - María-Victoria Mateos
- Hematology Service, University Hospital Salamanca, Casa del Bedel, Cardenal Pla y Deniel, 22, Planta Baja, Salamanca, 37008, Spain
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28
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Masoumi HT, Hadjibabaie M, Zarif-Yeganeh M, Khajeh B, Ghavamzadeh A. Treatment of vincristine-induced ileus with metoclopramide: A case report. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2017; 25:507-511. [PMID: 29224457 DOI: 10.1177/1078155217746228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is an invasive malignancy which ought to be treated with several cytotoxic medications. Vincristine-based regimen is among the most commonly used regimens for the treatment of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Peripheral neuropathy caused by vincristine provides a limitation in dose administration and can influence the treatment outcome and patient's quality of life. CASE PRESENTATION Ileus and constipation occurred as a result of autonomic neuropathy in a 58-year-old man who underwent vincristine-based regimen for acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment. Despite the administration of several laxative agents for constipation, the complication did not improve. So metoclopramide as a prokinetic agent was administered intravenously, and patient bowel movement and defecation started after 24 h. CONCLUSIONS There is no approved protocol for vincristine-induced autonomic neuropathy treatment; thus, prokinetic agents such as metoclopramide can be considered as an option for ileus treatment after ruling out the possibility of bowel obstruction. Prophylactic stool softeners should be administrated in all patients undergoing chemotherapy with vincristine to prevent gastrointestinal motility disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza T Masoumi
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Molouk Hadjibabaie
- Research Center for Rational Use of Drugs, and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morvarid Zarif-Yeganeh
- Hematology-Oncology Research Center and Stem Cell Transplantation, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrouz Khajeh
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Ghavamzadeh
- Hematology-Oncology Research Center and Stem Cell Transplantation, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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