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The Immunogenetics of Acne. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1367:137-154. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92616-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Szweda-Gandor N, Śnit M, Grzeszczak W. Association between Selected Polymorphisms rs12086634, rs846910, rs4844880, rs3753519 of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 ( HSD11B1) and the Presence of Insulin Resistance in the Polish Population of People Living in Upper Silesia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910168. [PMID: 34639470 PMCID: PMC8508480 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Many factors influence the development of insulin resistance, among other genetic factors. Cortisol is one of the factors that has a significant impact on the development of insulin resistance. The proteins that have a substantial effect on blood cortisol levels include 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1. HSD11B1 is a microsomal enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of the stress hormone cortisol to the inactive metabolite cortisone. Gene encoding HSD11B1 is located on 1q32.2. This study was designed to assess the association between four polymorphic sides in HSD11B1 (rs12086634, rs846910, rs4844880, rs3753519) between subjects with and without insulin resistance in the Polish population of people living in Upper Silesia. Methods: The study included a total of 507 consecutive patients, 374 (73.77%) with and 133 (26.23%) without insulin resistance. Results: The results show that there were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of genotypes and alleles of the examined polymorphisms of the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 gene between subjects with and without insulin resistance (determined using the HOMA-IR, insulin resistance index) and that rs846910 and rs1208663 polymorphisms of the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 gene in the examined subjects have a significant effect on the magnitude of the HOMA-IR insulin resistance index. Conclusions: The study results suggested that genetic variation of rs846910 and rs1208663 polymorphism of the HSD11B1 gene is related to the susceptibility to insulin resistance. Our results provide a basis to begin basic research on the role of the HSD11B1 gene in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance.
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Heng AHS, Say YH, Sio YY, Ng YT, Chew FT. Gene variants associated with acne vulgaris presentation and severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:103. [PMID: 33849530 PMCID: PMC8045239 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-00953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple factors have been attributed to acne vulgaris predisposition and individual variations in the severity of skin symptoms, and genetics stood out as one of the major factors. METHODS We performed a systematic review on the genes and their variants that have been investigated for association with acne presentation and severity. A random-effect meta-analysis using the allele model (minor allele vs. major allele) was also conducted to provide an overall estimation of risk effects of frequently reported gene variants. This included a subset data of 982 acne cases and 846 controls extracted from our existing GWAS database on various allergic and skin diseases among Singapore Chinese. RESULTS Systematic review of 51 articles covering Asians and Caucasians found 60 genes/loci and their 100 variants implicated in acne; majority of them were in the intron, coding region/missense, and promoter regions. The commonly studied candidate genes/gene families include tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and the interleukin (IL) and cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene families. Our meta-analysis showed that most of the analyzed gene variants exhibited insignificant pooled odds ratio (pOR) and significant heterogeneity between studies. Nevertheless, we found that TNF rs1800629 A allele carriers and CYP17A1 rs743572 T allele carriers had significantly reduced mild acne risk [pOR: 0.60; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.33-0.86] and severe acne risk (pOR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.40-0.79), respectively, across populations. Overall, FST (follistatin) rs629725 A allele poses a significantly modest increased risk for acne presentation (pOR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.23), but neither TIMP2 (TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2) rs8179090 nor CYP1A1 rs4646903 (pOR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.80-1.12; pOR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.83, 1.08), respectively. We discovered 15 novel SNPs in the 3' UTR region of the Toll-like Receptor 4 gene (TLR4) associated with acne presentation. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that genes influencing inflammatory responses, specifically TNF, and genes influencing the function and activity of sebaceous glands, specifically CYP17A1 and FST, have potential risk variants for acne presentation and severity across populations. Understanding the genetic susceptibility factors and biological pathways involved in the pathogenesis of acne will help us to gain insights into developing effective acne treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hwee Sing Heng
- Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yee-How Say
- Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yang Yie Sio
- Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yu Ting Ng
- Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
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Farag AGA, Abdu Allah AMK, El-Rebey HS, Mohamed Ibraheem KI, Mohamed ASED, Labeeb AZ, Elgazzar AE, Haggag MM. Role of insulin-like growth factor-1 in skin tags: a clinical, genetic and immunohistochemical study in a sample of Egyptian patients. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2019; 12:255-266. [PMID: 31118729 PMCID: PMC6503204 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s192964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Skin tags (STs) are benign connective tissue neoplasms, in which insulin-like growth factor −1 (IGF-1) has a mitogenic and antiapoptotic activity. Purpose: We aimed to study for the first time, the possible role of IGF-1 (CA) 19 and rs6214 gene polymorphisms, and its tissue immunoreactivity in the pathogenesis of STs. Patients and methods: This case–control study included 40 ST patients and 20 controls. We searched for (CA) 19 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) using conversional PCR and for rs6214 gene polymorphism using real-time PCR. IGF-1 tissue immunoreactivity was investigated using polyclonal IGF-1 antibody. Results: IGF-1 immunoreactivity showed significantly strong upregulation in epidermis (p=0.002) and dermal components (endothelial cells [p=0.038] and fibroblasts [p=0.004]) of excised STs than control skin. TT and CT rs6214 genotypes and its T allele were significantly associated with STs (p=0.006 and P=0.002, respectively). Also (<192 bp) and 192–194 bp (CA) 19 genotypes were significantly predominant in ST patients than controls (p=0.013). These 4 genotypes were significantly associated with development of multiple STs and epidermal IGF-1 tissue immunoreactivity in studied patients. Conclusions: IGF-1 (CA) 19 and rs6214 gene polymorphisms may contribute to a predisposition of STs in Egyptian patients, the role of which could be mediated through local upregulation of IGF-1 in cutaneous tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Gaber Antar Farag
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibīn al Kawm, Egypt
| | | | - Hala Said El-Rebey
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibīn al Kawm, Egypt
| | - Kawthar Ibraheem Mohamed Ibraheem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Microbiology Department, Taibah University, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Azza Zaghlol Labeeb
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibīn al Kawm, Egypt
| | - Ayman Elhussien Elgazzar
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibīn al Kawm, Egypt
| | - Magda Mostafa Haggag
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibīn al Kawm, Egypt
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