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Cochrane NH, Wixted CM, Kim BI, Holland CT, Ryan SP, Bolognesi MP, Wellman SS. The Posterior Approach is Associated With Lower Total Encounter and 90-Day Costs When Compared to the Direct Anterior Approach. J Arthroplasty 2024; 39:S34-S38. [PMID: 38499165 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2024.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical impact of the surgical approach in total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been widely reviewed. This study evaluated the total encounter and 90-day costs of THA for 2 surgical approaches (posterior [P] and direct anterior [DA]) in 1 tertiary health system. METHODS This is a retrospective review of 2,101 THAs (1,092 P and 1,009 DA) by 4 surgeons (2 with the highest volume of DA and P, respectively) from 2017 to 2022 at 1 academic center. Demographics, comorbidities, operative time, length of hospital stay, 90-day hospital returns, and complications were compared. The total encounter cost and 90-day postoperative cost were itemized. Multivariable regression analyses evaluated associations with increased cost at each time point. RESULTS The DA cohort had a higher median encounter cost ($8,348.66 versus 7,332.42, P < .01), resulting from higher intraoperative (P < .01) and radiology (P < .01) expenses. Regression analyses demonstrated the DA was independently associated with increased encounter costs (odds ratio 1.1; 95% confidence interval 1.1 to 1.1; P < .01). There was a higher incidence of 90-day emergency department visits in the DA cohort (16 versus 12%, P = .02), with a trend toward increased readmissions. There was no difference in 90-day reoperations. Median 90-day cost was higher in the DA cohort ($126.99 versus 0.00, P < .01), and regression analyses demonstrated the DA had an association with increased 90-day cost (odds ratio 2.2; 95% confidence interval 1.5 to 3.0; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Despite a younger patient population, the DA was independently associated with increased encounter and 90-day costs in a single academic hospital system. This study may underestimate the cost difference, as capital costs such as specialized tables were not analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niall H Cochrane
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Colleen M Wixted
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Billy I Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Christopher T Holland
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sean P Ryan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michael P Bolognesi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Samuel S Wellman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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Talebpour C, Fani F, Laliberté-Riverin S, Vaidya R, Salimnia H, Alamdari H, Ouellette M. Long-Term Prevention of Arthroplasty Infections via Incorporation of Activated AgNbO 3 Nanoparticles in PMMA Bone Cement. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:4039-4050. [PMID: 38830835 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the possibility of loading PMMA bone cement with antimicrobial nanostructured AgNbO3 particles to counter biofilm formation at the cement-tissue interface. We found that a formulation containing (1-4)% AgNbO3 showed high antibacterial activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa while not showing any toxicity against THP1 human cell lines. In addition, loading the particles did not impact the mechanical properties of the cement. The results thus obtained illustrate the potential of the approach to replace the current technique of mixing cement with conventional antibiotics, which is associated with shortcomings such as efficacy loss from antibiotic depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Talebpour
- Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Universitė Laval, 1065, av. de la Médecine, Québec G1 V 0A6, Canada
| | - Fereshteh Fani
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie du CHU de Québec and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculté de Medicine, Université Laval, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Simon Laliberté-Riverin
- Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Universitė Laval, 1065, av. de la Médecine, Québec G1 V 0A6, Canada
| | - Rahul Vaidya
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 540 E, Canfield Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Hossein Salimnia
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, 3901 Beaubien, Detroit 48201, Michigan, United States
| | - Houshang Alamdari
- Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Universitė Laval, 1065, av. de la Médecine, Québec G1 V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marc Ouellette
- Centre de recherche en infectiologie du CHU de Québec and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculté de Medicine, Université Laval, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec G1V4G2, Canada
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Cochrane NH, Wixted C, Kim B, Kelly PJ, Bolognesi MP, Holst D, Wellman S, Ryan SP. A Cost Analysis of Surgical Approach in Total Hip Arthroplasty. Orthopedics 2024; 47:e151-e156. [PMID: 38466826 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20240304-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With pressures to decrease the financial burden of total hip arthroplasty (THA), it is imperative to understand the cost drivers of this procedure. This study evaluated operative and total encounter costs for two surgical approaches to THA-posterior (P) and direct anterior (DA). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 233 THAs (134 P and 99 DA) performed by two fellowship-trained arthroplasty surgeons from 2017 to 2022 were reviewed. Demographics, comorbidities, mobility status, operative time, length of stay, implants used, discharge location, and complications until final follow-up were recorded. Total encounter cost was collected and itemized. Multivariable regression analyses evaluated predictors of cost. RESULTS There were differences in age (67 years for DA and 63 years for P; P=.03), body mass index (28.0 kg/m2 for DA and 33.8 kg/m2 for P; P<.01), Elixhauser Comorbidity Index score (4.6 for DA and 5.6 for P; P=.04), and operative time (2.1 hours for DA and 1.9 hours for P; P<.01) between the two cohorts. The DA cohort trended toward shorter length of stay, with the highest percentage of patients discharged home (86.9%; P=.02). The P cohort had the lowest encounter ($9601 for DA and $9100 for P; P=.20) and intraoperative (including implant used) ($7268 for DA and $6792 for P; P<.01) costs. The DA cohort had a significantly higher cost of radiology during the encounter ($244; P<.01). Regression analysis demonstrated that length of stay and DA approach were both predictors of increased encounter cost. CONCLUSION The DA cohort had improved measures of health; however, this approach was associated with a higher operative cost and was predictive of increased encounter cost despite a shorter length of stay. [Orthopedics. 2024;47(3):e151-e156.].
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Anoushiravani AA, Kalyanasundaram G, Feng JE, Congiusta F, Iorio R, DiCaprio M. Treating Hepatitis C Prior to Total Hip Arthroplasty is Cost Effective: A Markov Analysis. J Arthroplasty 2023:S0883-5403(23)00198-5. [PMID: 36878438 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) have high complication rates following total hip arthroplasty (THA). Advances in HCV therapy now enable clinicians to eradicate the disease, however, its cost effectiveness from an orthopaedic perspective remains to be demonstrated. We sought to conduct a cost effectiveness analysis comparing no therapy to direct acting antiviral therapy (DAA) prior to THA among HCV positive patients. METHODS A Markov model was utilized to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of treating HCV with DAA prior to THA. The model was powered with event probabilities, mortality, cost and quality adjusted life-year values for patients with and without HCV that were obtained from the published literature. This included treatment costs, successes of HCV eradication, incidences of superficial or periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), probabilities of utilizing various PJI treatment modalities, PJI treatment success/failures, and mortality rates. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was compared to a willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000/QALY. RESULTS Our Markov model indicates that in comparison to no therapy, DAA prior to THA is cost-effective for HCV positive patients. THA in the setting of no therapy and DAA added 8.06 and 14.39 QALYs at a mean cost of $28,800 and $115,800. The ICER associated with HCV DAA in comparison to no therapy was $13,800/QALY, below the willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000/QALY. CONCLUSION Hepatitis-C treatment with DAA prior to THA is cost-effective at all current drug list prices. Given these findings, strong consideration should be given to treating patients for HCV prior to elective THA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James E Feng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | | | - Richard Iorio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham Women's Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew DiCaprio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York
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Chen WH, Guo WX, Li JX, Wei QS, Li ZQ, He W. Application of protective weight-bearing in osteonecrosis of the femoral head: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies. Front Surg 2022; 9:1000073. [PMID: 36406362 PMCID: PMC9667948 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.1000073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the efficacy and prognostic value of protective weight-bearing for ONFH. METHODS The authors searched the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases, up to February 25, 2022. RCTs and observational studies on conservative treatment, including the use of crutches, for skeletally mature patients with ONFH and written in English were included. Outcomes were the total hip arthroplasty (THA) rate, collapse rate, Hip Harris score (HHS) and visual analog scale (VAS) score. Cochrane Review Manager Software 5.4 and Stata 15.1 were used to perform the statistical analyses. RESULTS A total of 14 studies involving 813 patients (1,025 hips) were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that the THA rate, collapse rate, HHS and VAS scores in the protective weight-bearing group were not significantly different from those in the surgical group. In the protective weight-bearing group, the results showed that the THA rate was 40%, 8% in ARCO stage II, 37% in ARCO stage III, and the collapse rate was 46%. The mean HHS and VAS score was 80.86 and 1.00, respectively. The HHS score at the 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up was 79.93, 83.94, 85.94, and 96.09 points, respectively, whereas the VAS score at the 6- and 12-month follow-up was 2.20 and 1.29, respectively. CONCLUSION Protective weight bearing could achieve satisfactory results in terms of THA rate, collapse rate, HHS and VAS scores. Protective weight-bearing allows most precollapse patients to preserve the hip but also allows postcollapse patients to delay THA or hip-preserving surgery. The effects and prognosis of protective weight-bearing in the short or mid-term are noninferior to surgical hip preservation and are a viable alternative option for osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-huan Chen
- The Third Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-xuan Guo
- The First Clinical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-xiong Li
- The First Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-shi Wei
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-qi Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,Correspondence: Wei He
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Bircher JB, Kamath AF, Piuzzi NS, Barsoum WK, Brooks PJ, Hampton RJ, Higuera CA, Klika A, Krebs VE, Mesko NW, Molloy RM, Mont MA, Murray TG, Muschler GF, Nickodem RJ, Patel PD, Spindler KP, Stearns KL, Strnad GJ, Suarez JC, Warren JA, Zajicheck A, Bloomfield MR. No clinically meaningful difference in 1-year patient-reported outcomes among major approaches for primary total hip arthroplasty. Hip Int 2022; 32:568-575. [PMID: 33682456 DOI: 10.1177/1120700021992013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Debate continues around the most effective surgical approach for primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study's purpose was to compare 1-year patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of patients who underwent direct anterior (DA), transgluteal anterolateral (AL)/direct lateral (DL), and posterolateral (PL) approaches. METHODS A prospective consecutive series of primary THA for osteoarthritis (n = 2390) were performed at 5 sites within a single institution with standardised care pathways (20 surgeons). Patients were categorised by approach: DA (n = 913; 38%), AL/DL (n = 505; 21%), or PL (n = 972; 41%). Primary outcomes were pain, function, and activity assessed by 1-year postoperative PROMs. Multivariable regression modeling was used to control for differences among the groups. Wald tests were performed to test the significance of select patient factors and simultaneous 95% confidence intervals were constructed. RESULTS At 1-year postoperative, PROMs were successfully collected from 1842 (77.1%) patients. Approach was a statistically significant factor for 1-year HOOS pain (p = 0.002). Approach was not a significant factor for 1-year HOOS-PS (p = 0.16) or 1-year UCLA activity (p = 0.382). Pairwise comparisons showed no significant difference in 1-year HOOS pain scores between DA and PL approach (p > 0.05). AL/DL approach had lower (worse) pain scores than DA or PL approaches with differences in adjusted median score of 3.47 and 2.43, respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients receiving the AL/DL approach had a small statistical difference in pain scores at 1 year, but no clinically meaningful differences in pain, activity, or function exist at 1-year postoperative.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James B Bircher
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Atul F Kamath
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicolas S Piuzzi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Wael K Barsoum
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Peter J Brooks
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert J Hampton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Carlos A Higuera
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alison Klika
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Viktor E Krebs
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nathan W Mesko
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert M Molloy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Michael A Mont
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Trevor G Murray
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - George F Muschler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert J Nickodem
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Preetesh D Patel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA
| | - Kurt P Spindler
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kim L Stearns
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gregory J Strnad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Juan C Suarez
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA
| | - Jared A Warren
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Ahsanuddin S, Snyder DJ, Huang HH, Keswani A, Poeran J, Moucha CS. Surgical Scheduling Impacts Hospital Length of Stay and Associated Healthcare Costs for Patients Undergoing Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty. HSS J 2022; 18:385-392. [PMID: 35846254 PMCID: PMC9247597 DOI: 10.1177/15563316211040055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical scheduling, specifically the day of the week on which surgery is performed, has been associated with various postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing lower extremity joint arthroplasty. PURPOSE We sought to investigate surgical scheduling as a potential modifiable factor for patient quality metrics and related costs. METHODS In a retrospective prognostic study, all total knee and total hip arthroplasty (TKA/THA) cases that took place in 2017 to 2018 at a multihospital academic health system were queried. Patients were separated by the day of the week the surgery was performed, with Monday/Tuesday compared to Thursday/Friday. Outcomes included length of stay (LOS) (extended LOS defined as 3 days or longer), cost, and complications. Multivariable regression models measured associations between scheduling of surgery and outcomes; odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are reported. RESULTS Overall, 1,571 TKA and 992 THA patients were included (65% and 35%, respectively, performed on Monday/Tuesday and 70% and 30%, respectively, performed on Thursday/Friday). Patients undergoing TKA on Monday/Tuesday versus Thursday/Friday had higher American Society of Anesthesiologists scores (42% vs 33% with score of 3 or higher) but less often an extended LOS (31% vs 54%; adjusted OR: 2.76, 95% CI: 2.22-3.46), lower skilled nursing facility costs (unadjusted mean, $12,515 vs $14,154) and lower home health aide costs (unadjusted mean, $3,793 vs $4,192). Similar patterns were observed in THA patients. CONCLUSION These results from institutional data suggest that surgical scheduling is a modifiable factor possibly associated with postoperative outcomes. Furthermore, more rigorous study is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Ahsanuddin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Sofia Ahsanuddin, Department of Orthopedic
Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Daniel J. Snyder
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hsin-Hui Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aakash Keswani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jashvant Poeran
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA,Institute for Healthcare Delivery
Science, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of
Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Calin S. Moucha
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Icahn
School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Remily EA, Hochstein SR, Wilkie WA, Mohamed NS, Thompson JV, Kluk MW, Nace J, Delanois RE. The pericapsular nerve group block: a step towards outpatient total hip arthroplasty? Hip Int 2022; 32:318-325. [PMID: 33269617 DOI: 10.1177/1120700020978211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A new regional anaesthetic technique, coined the pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block, targets the anterior hip capsule by blocking the articular branches of the femoral nerve and accessory obturator nerve. In this study, we evaluated: (1) patient outcomes; (2) postoperative pain scores; and (3) postoperative opioid consumption in total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients who received a PENG block in comparison to a control group. METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed for patients who underwent primary THA and met criteria at a single institution (n = 48), with an additional cohort of patients collected as controls (n = 48). Postoperative pain scores were measured by obtaining the cumulative visual analogue scores (VAS) at 12-hour intervals until the 48-hour benchmark. All administered opioids were collected from postoperative day (POD) 0 to POD2 and converted to morphine milligram equivalents (MME). RESULTS In the PENG group, length of stay was significantly shorter (p < 0.001) and the initial postoperative distance walked was significantly farther (p = 0.001). The PENG group consistently demonstrated significantly lower mean cumulative pain scores until the 48-hour mark (p < 0.001 for all). Patients receiving the PENG block also experienced a significantly longer therapeutic window before requiring their first opioid (p < 0.002). The PENG group required significantly less opioid MMEs on POD1, POD2, and cumulatively over the entire stay (p < 0.022 for all). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the PENG block has the potential of impacting THA recovery pathways and contributing to cost savings. Thus, its use further supports the transition to the outpatient setting and drives us towards achieving value-driven healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan A Remily
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven R Hochstein
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wayne A Wilkie
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nequesha S Mohamed
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John V Thompson
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew W Kluk
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James Nace
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ronald E Delanois
- Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Postoperative Patient-reported Pain and Opioid Consumption After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Comparison of the Direct Anterior and Posterior Approaches. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2022; 30:e108-e117. [PMID: 34406982 DOI: 10.5435/jaaos-d-21-00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although one of the touted benefits of the direct anterior approach (DAA) includes decreased postoperative pain, there is no consensus on the effect of surgical approach on postoperative pain and subsequent analgesic consumption. METHODS Consecutive patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty by a single surgeon from May 2016 to March 2020 were identified. Procedures were categorized as DAA or posterior approach. Patient demographics and surgical details were assessed. Patient-reported maximum pain by postoperative day (POD), total opioid consumption during hospitalization, and whether the patient required a refill of opioid prescription within 3 months after discharge were compared between the two surgical approaches through multivariate analyses. RESULTS A total of 611 patients were included in this study (447 DAA and 164 posterior approaches). On multivariate analyses that controlled for preoperative/intraoperative differences, patients in the DAA group had lower average maximum reported pain (0 to 10 scale) on POD #0 (6.5 versus 6.8, P = 0.034) and POD #1 (5.4 versus 6.1, P = 0.018). However, the DAA was not associated with a statistically significant reduction in total inpatient oral morphine equivalents consumed (79.8 versus 100.1, P = 0.486). Furthermore, there was no association between surgical approach and opioid prescription refill within 3 months after discharge (P = 0.864). DISCUSSION The DAA was associated with slightly lower patient-reported pain. Furthermore, statistical analysis did not provide the necessary evidence to reject the null hypothesis, which was that there would be no difference in opioid utilization between the two approaches. Other perioperative factors may be more important to opioid use reduction than the surgical approach alone.
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10
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Rykov K, Meys TWGM, Knobben BAS, Sietsma MS, Reininga IHF, Ten Have BLEF. MRI Assessment of Muscle Damage After the Posterolateral Versus Direct Anterior Approach for THA (Polada Trial). A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Arthroplasty 2021; 36:3248-3258.e1. [PMID: 34116911 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is controversy in literature whether the direct anterior approach (DAA) results in less muscle damage compared with the posterolateral approach (PLA) for total hip arthroplasty. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to assess muscle damage between these two approaches. METHODS Forty-six patients were included. Muscle atrophy, determined with the Goutallier classification, and muscle surface of twelve muscles were analyzed on magnetic resonance imaging images made preoperatively and one year postoperatively. Differences in component placement after DAA or PLA were assessed on radiographs. Harris hip scores and Hip disability and Osteoarthritis and Outcome Score were used as functional outcomes. RESULTS External rotator musculature was damaged in both approaches. After PLA, the obturator muscles showed significantly more atrophy and a decrease in muscle surface. After DAA, the tensor fascia latae showed an increased muscle atrophy and the psoas muscle showed a decreased muscle surface. An increase in muscle surface was seen for the rectus femoris, sartorius, and quadratus femoris after both approaches. The muscle surface of the gluteus medius and iliacus was also increased after PLA. No difference in muscle atrophy was found between the approaches for these muscles. The inclination angle of the cup in PLA was significantly higher. No differences were found in functional outcomes. CONCLUSION Different muscle groups were affected in the two approaches. After PLA, the external rotators were more affected, whereas the tensor fascia latae and psoas muscles were more affected after DAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyrill Rykov
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Martini Hospital Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Tim W G M Meys
- Department of Radiology, Martini Hospital Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bas A S Knobben
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Martini Hospital Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maurits S Sietsma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Martini Hospital Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Inge H F Reininga
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bas L E F Ten Have
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Martini Hospital Groningen, the Netherlands
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Bovonratwet P, Chen AZ, Shen TS, Ondeck NT, Islam W, Ast MP, Su EP. What Are the Reasons and Risk Factors for 30-Day Readmission After Outpatient Total Hip Arthroplasty? J Arthroplasty 2021; 36:S258-S263.e1. [PMID: 33162278 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A higher volume of primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) is starting to be performed as an outpatient procedure. However, data on appropriate patient selection for this surgical protocol is scarce. METHODS Patients who underwent primary THA were identified in the 2012-2018 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Outpatient procedure was defined as having a hospital length of stay of 0 days. The primary outcome was a readmission within the 30-day postoperative period. Risk factors for and effect of overnight hospital stay on 30-day readmission after outpatient THA were identified through multivariable models. Reasons for and timing of readmission were also identified. RESULTS A total of 5245 outpatient THA patients and 44,171 patients who stayed 1 night were identified. The incidence of 30-day readmission after outpatient THA was 1.60% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-1.94). Risk factors for 30-day readmission after outpatient THA include the following: older age relative to 18-60 years old (most notably 71-75 years old, relative risk [RR] = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.15-4.62; 76-80 years old, RR = 6.6, 95% CI = 3.55-12.43; and >80 years old, RR = 5.6, 95% CI = 2.43-12.89, P < .001) and bleeding disorders (RR = 4.5, 95% CI = 1.45-14.31, P = .010). For patients who had some of these risk factors, their risk of medically related 30-day readmission was reduced if they had stayed 1 night at the hospital (P < .05). The majority of readmissions were surgically related (62%), including wound complications (27%) and periprosthetic fractures (25%). CONCLUSION The rate of 30-day readmission after outpatient THA was low. Patients who are at high risk for 30-day readmission after outpatient THA include those with older age and bleeding disorders. Some of these patients may benefit from an inpatient hospital stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patawut Bovonratwet
- Department of Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Aaron Z Chen
- Department of Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Tony S Shen
- Department of Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Nathaniel T Ondeck
- Department of Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Wasif Islam
- Department of Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Michael P Ast
- Department of Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
| | - Edwin P Su
- Department of Adult Reconstruction and Joint Replacement Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
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Saueressig T, Owen PJ, Zebisch J, Herbst M, Belavy DL. Evaluation of Exercise Interventions and Outcomes After Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e210254. [PMID: 33635329 PMCID: PMC7910817 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Preoperative and postoperative exercise interventions are commonly used in patients with total hip arthroplasty despite a lack of established efficacy. OBJECTIVE To explore clinical outcomes associated with exercise training before and after hip arthroplasty. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were searched from their inception to March 2020. Reference lists of included trials and related reviews were also searched. STUDY SELECTION Randomized clinical trials of land-based exercise interventions before or after total hip arthroplasty were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS This systematic review and meta-analysis is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Data extraction was independently performed in duplicate. Random-effects meta-analyses with restricted maximum likelihood were performed for pooling the data. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary prespecified outcome was self-reported physical function. Secondary prespecified outcomes were self-reported pain intensity, quality of life, gait speed, lower body muscle strength, lower body flexibility, anxiety, hospital length of stay, and adverse events. RESULTS A total of 32 randomized clinical trials with 1753 patients were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 26 studies with 1004 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with usual care or no or minimal intervention, postoperative exercise training was not associated with improved self-reported physical function, with a moderate level of certainty, at 4 weeks (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.01; 95% CI, -0.18 to 0.20), 12 weeks (SMD, -0.08; 95% CI, -0.23 to 0.07) and 26 weeks (SMD, -0.04; 95% CI, -0.31 to 0.24) postoperatively, and low level of certainty at 1 year after surgical treatment (SMD, 0.01; 95% CI, -0.09 to 0.12). For preoperative exercise interventions, there was no association of exercised training with self-reported physical function compared with the control at the 12-week (SMD, -0.14; 95% CI, -0.61 to 0.32) or 1-year follow-ups (SMD, 0.01; 95% CI, -0.37 to 0.40) with very low certainty, and no association with length of stay (mean difference, -0.21; 95% CI, -0.74 to 0.31) at moderate certainty. Results for postoperative hip muscle strength were rated at very low certainty, with no statistical significance. Meta-analysis could not be performed for other outcomes. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This systematic review and meta-analysis found low- to moderate-quality evidence that postoperative exercise interventions were not associated with improved self-reported physical function compared with usual care or no or minimal intervention. Furthermore, there was very low-quality evidence that preoperative exercise programs were not associated with higher self-reported physical function and hospital length of stay compared with usual care or no or minimal intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick J. Owen
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | | | - Daniel L. Belavy
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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13
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Pharr ZK, Rider CM, Bell JW, Wilde JH, Westbrooks TJ, Toy PC. Outpatient Hip Safety in an Ambulatory Surgery Center Is Independent of Approach. J Arthroplasty 2021; 36:231-235. [PMID: 32826145 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2020.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few data comparing the direct anterior approach (DAA) and posterior approach (PA) for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the outpatient setting. The purpose of this study is to compare 90-day complications between the 2 approaches. We hypothesized that they would be equally safe and effective. METHODS Retrospective review identified 432 THAs (346 DAA, 86 PA) performed at a single ambulatory surgery center (ASC). Outcomes compared included demographics, comorbidities, preoperative and discharge pain scores (visual analog scale [VAS]), overall time spent in the ASC, overnight stay, emergency room visits, admission, reoperation, and complications within a 90-day period. RESULTS There were no differences in mean preoperative VAS (DAA 4.7, PA 4.5), mean discharge VAS (DAA 0.8, PA 0.7), overall time spent in the ASC (DAA 9.0 hours, PA 9.3 hours), total number of overnight stays (DAA 0.9%, PA 1.2%), emergency room visits (DAA 1.7%, PA 1.2%), admissions (DAA 1.4%, PA 1.2%), reoperations (DAA 1.4%, PA 1.2%), or complications (DAA 3.5%, PA 2.3%). CONCLUSION There were no differences in the safety outcomes, and overall there were few complications in the 90-day period, regardless of the surgeon's preferred approach. This study indicates both DAA and PA are equally safe for THA in the outpatient setting, and the choice of surgical approach should be based on patient and surgeon preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary K Pharr
- University of Tennessee-Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Memphis TN
| | - Carson M Rider
- University of Tennessee-Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Memphis TN
| | - Jack W Bell
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN
| | - James H Wilde
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Memphis, TN
| | | | - Patrick C Toy
- University of Tennessee-Campbell Clinic Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Memphis TN
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14
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Mahmood M, Samuel LT, Kamath AF. Surgical Technique for Anterior Approach for Total Hip Arthroplasty After Bilateral Below-Knee Amputation: A Case Report. JBJS Case Connect 2020; 10:e20.00438. [PMID: 33449547 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.cc.20.00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
CASE We report a case of a 77-year-old man, with bilateral below-knee amputee, in whom the anterior approach (AA) for a left total hip arthroplasty was used successfully, with 3-year follow-up. This report also summarizes the key studies in the literature on this subject. CONCLUSIONS The utility of AA surgery performed in the setting of bilateral below-knee amputation has not been previously described. We describe the surgical technique, including considerations and pearls in the amputee population, and particular technical tips related to the use of a fracture table and thin-wire femoral traction for optimum control of the residual limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Mahmood
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois
| | - Linsen T Samuel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Atul F Kamath
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
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15
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Quinn J, McFadden R, Chan CW, Carson L. Titanium for Orthopedic Applications: An Overview of Surface Modification to Improve Biocompatibility and Prevent Bacterial Biofilm Formation. iScience 2020; 23:101745. [PMID: 33235984 PMCID: PMC7670191 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium and its alloys have emerged as excellent candidates for use as orthopedic biomaterials. Nevertheless, there are often complications arising after implantation of orthopedic devices, most notably prosthetic joint infection and aseptic loosening. To ensure that implanted devices remain functional in situ, innovation in surface modification has attracted much attention in the effort to develop orthopedic materials with optimal characteristics at the biomaterial-tissue interface. This review will draw together metallurgy, surface engineering, biofilm microbiology, and biomaterial science. It will serve to appreciate why titanium and its alloys are frequently used orthopedic biomaterials and address some of the challenges facing these biomaterials currently, including the significant problem of device-associated infection. Finally, the authors shall consolidate and evaluate surface modification techniques employed to overcome some of these issues by offering a unique perspective as to the direction in which research is headed from a broad, interdisciplinary point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Quinn
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan McFadden
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Ashby Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AH, UK
| | - Chi-Wai Chan
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Ashby Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AH, UK
| | - Louise Carson
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
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16
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Sodhi N, Acuna A, Etcheson J, Mohamed N, Davila I, Ehiorobo JO, Jones LC, Delanois RE, Mont MA. Management of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Bone Joint J 2020; 102-B:122-128. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.102b7.bjj-2019-1611.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims Earlier studies dealing with trends in the management of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) identified an increasing rate of total hip arthroplasties (THAs) and a decreasing rate of joint-preserving procedures between 1992 and 2008. In an effort to assess new trends in the management of this condition, this study evaluated the annual trends of joint-preserving versus arthroplasties for patients aged < or > 50 years old, and the incidence of specific operative management techniques. Methods A total of 219,371 patients with ONFH were identified from a nationwide database between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2015. The mean age was 54 years (18 to 90) and 105,298 (48%) were female. The diagnosis was made using International Classification of Disease, Ninth revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) and Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) procedure codes. The percentage of patients managed using each procedure during each year was calculated and compared between years. The trends in the use of the types of procedure were also evaluated. Results The rate of joint-preserving procedures was significantly higher in patients aged < 50 years compared with those aged > 50 years (4.93% vs 1.52%; p < 0.001). For the overall cohort, rates of arthroplasty were far greater than those for joint-preserving procedures. THA was the most commonly performed procedure (291,114; 94.03%), while osteotomy (3,598; 1.16%), partial arthroplasty (9,171; 2.96%), core decompression (1,200; 0.39%), and bone graft (3,026; 0.98%) were performed markedly less frequently. The annual percentage of patients managed using a THA (93.56% to 89.52%; p < 0.001), resurfacing (1.22% to 0.19%; p < 0.001), and osteotomy (1.31% to 1.05%; p < 0.001) also decreased during the study period. Conclusion We found that patients with ONFH have been most commonly managed with non-joint-preserving procedures. Our findings provide valuable insight into the current management of this condition and should increase efforts being made to save the hip joint. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(7 Supple B):122–128.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipun Sodhi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Northwell Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexander Acuna
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Northwell Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer Etcheson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nequesha Mohamed
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Iciar Davila
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph O. Ehiorobo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lynne C. Jones
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ronald E. Delanois
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sinai Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael A. Mont
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, New York, USA
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