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Wang Z, Zou J, Zhang L, Liu H, Jiang B, Liang Y, Zhang Y. Comprehensive analysis of the progression mechanisms of CRPC and its inhibitor discovery based on machine learning algorithms. Front Genet 2023; 14:1184704. [PMID: 37476415 PMCID: PMC10354439 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1184704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Almost all patients treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) eventually develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Our research aims to elucidate the potential biomarkers and molecular mechanisms that underlie the transformation of primary prostate cancer into CRPC. Methods: We collected three microarray datasets (GSE32269, GSE74367, and GSE66187) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for CRPC. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CRPC were identified for further analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and two machine learning algorithms were employed to identify potential biomarkers for CRPC. The diagnostic efficiency of the selected biomarkers was evaluated based on gene expression level and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. We conducted virtual screening of drugs using AutoDock Vina. In vitro experiments were performed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the drugs on CRPC cell viability. Scratch and transwell invasion assays were employed to assess the effects of the drugs on the migration and invasion abilities of prostate cancer cells. Results: Overall, a total of 719 DEGs, consisting of 513 upregulated and 206 downregulated genes, were identified. The biological functional enrichment analysis indicated that DEGs were mainly enriched in pathways related to the cell cycle and metabolism. CCNA2 and CKS2 were identified as promising biomarkers using a combination of WGCNA, LASSO logistic regression, SVM-RFE, and Venn diagram analyses. These potential biomarkers were further validated and exhibited a strong predictive ability. The results of the virtual screening revealed Aprepitant and Dolutegravir as the optimal targeted drugs for CCNA2 and CKS2, respectively. In vitro experiments demonstrated that both Aprepitant and Dolutegravir exerted significant inhibitory effects on CRPC cells (p < 0.05), with Aprepitant displaying a superior inhibitory effect compared to Dolutegravir. Discussion: The expression of CCNA2 and CKS2 increases with the progression of prostate cancer, which may be one of the driving factors for the progression of prostate cancer and can serve as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRPC. Additionally, Aprepitant and Dolutegravir show potential as anti-tumor drugs for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing Zou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Le Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongru Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-pathogenic Plant Resources from West Yunnan (Cultivation), Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, TMDT-MaRS Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yuzhe Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
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2
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Yarahmadi A, Sohan R, McAllister B, Caromile LA. Therapeutic potential of targeting mirnas to prostate cancer tumors: using psma as an active target. Mol Cell Oncol 2022; 9:2136476. [PMID: 36313480 PMCID: PMC9601542 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2022.2136476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is a commonly diagnosed malignancy in men and is associated with high mortality rates. Current treatments for PC include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. However, recent advances in targeted delivery systems have yielded promising new approaches to PC treatment. As PC epithelial cells express high levels of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) on the cell surface, new drug conjugates focused on PSMA targeting have been developed. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate posttranscriptional gene expression in cells and show excellent possibilities for use in developing new therapeutics for PC. PSMA-targeted therapies based on a miRNA payload and that selectively target PC cells enhances therapeutic efficacy without eliciting damage to normal surrounding tissue. This review discusses the rationale for utilizing miRNAs to target PSMA, revealing their potential in therapeutic approaches to PC treatment. Different delivery systems for miRNAs and challenges to miRNA therapy are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Yarahmadi
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Romoye Sohan
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Brenna McAllister
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Leslie A. Caromile
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA,CONTACT Leslie A. Caromile Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
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3
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Tymon-Rosario J, Adjei NN, Roque DM, Santin AD. Microtubule-Interfering Drugs: Current and Future Roles in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6239. [PMID: 34944858 PMCID: PMC8699494 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Taxanes and epothilones are chemotherapeutic agents that ultimately lead to cell death through inhibition of normal microtubular function. This review summarizes the literature demonstrating their current use and potential promise as therapeutic agents in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), as well as putative mechanisms of resistance. Historically, taxanes have become the standard of care in the front-line and recurrent treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer. In the past few years, epothilones (i.e., ixabepilone) have become of interest as they may retain activity in taxane-treated patients since they harbor several features that may overcome mechanisms of taxane resistance. Clinical data now support the use of ixabepilone in the treatment of platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian cancer. Clinical data strongly support the use of microtubule-interfering drugs alone or in combination in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer. Ongoing clinical trials will shed further light into the potential of making these drugs part of current standard practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Tymon-Rosario
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (J.T.-R.); (N.N.A.)
| | - Naomi N. Adjei
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (J.T.-R.); (N.N.A.)
| | - Dana M. Roque
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Alessandro D. Santin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; (J.T.-R.); (N.N.A.)
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4
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Olatunji FP, Savoy EA, Panteah M, Mesbahi N, Abbasi A, Talley CM, Lovingier CL, Caromile LA, Berkman CE. Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Targeted Turn-on Probe for Imaging Cargo Release in Prostate Cancer Cells. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:2386-2396. [PMID: 34699177 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The tunable nature of phosphoramidate linkers enables broad applicability as pH-triggered controlled-release platforms, particularly in the context of antibody- and small-molecule-drug conjugates (ADCs and SMDCs), where there remains a need for new linker technology. Herein, we explored in-depth the release of turn-on fluorogenic payloads from a homoserinyl-based phosphoramidate acid-cleavable linker. Kinetics of payload release from the scaffold was observed in buffers representing the pH conditions of systemic circulation, early and late endosomes, and lysosomes. It was found that payload release takes place in two key consecutive steps: (1) P-N bond hydrolysis and (2) spacer immolation. These two steps were found to follow pseudo-first-order kinetics and had opposite dependencies on pH. P-N bond hydrolysis increased with decreasing pH, while spacer immolation was most rapid at physiological pH. Despite the contrasting release kinetics of these two steps, maximal payload release was observed at the mildly acidic pH (5.0-5.5), while minimal payload release occurred at physiological pH. We integrated this phosphoramidate-payload linker system into a PSMA-targeted fluorescent turn-on probe to study the intracellular trafficking and release of a fluorescent payload in PSMA-expressing prostate cancer cells. Results showed excellent turn-on and accumulation of the coumarin payload in the late endosomal and lysosomal compartments of these cells. The release properties of this linker mark it as an attractive alternative in the modular design of ADCs and SMDCs, which demand selective intracellular payload release triggered by the pH changes that accompany intracellular trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feyisola P Olatunji
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, United States
| | - Emily A Savoy
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, United States
| | - Mylan Panteah
- UCONN Health-Center for Vascular Biology, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-3501, United States
| | - Nooshin Mesbahi
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, United States
| | - Armina Abbasi
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, United States
| | - Cresencia M Talley
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, United States
| | - Christine L Lovingier
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, United States
| | - Leslie A Caromile
- UCONN Health-Center for Vascular Biology, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-3501, United States
| | - Clifford E Berkman
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-4630, United States
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5
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Upreti S, Pandey SC, Bisht I, Samant M. Evaluation of the target-specific therapeutic potential of herbal compounds for the treatment of cancer. Mol Divers 2021; 26:1823-1835. [PMID: 34240331 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-021-10271-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is among one of the most fatal diseases leading to millions of death around the globe. Chemotherapy is the most popular conventional approach for the treatment of cancer. However, this is usually associated with various side effects and puts the patients under extreme physical and mental stress. Besides, there are increasing concerns about drug resistance. Thus, to surmount these limitations, there is a need to explore some alternative treatments. Studies related to plant-derived compounds are crucial in the search for safer and more efficient treatments. Plants and their associated secondary metabolites have been a revolutionary approach in the field of cancer treatment, as they give answers to almost all the constraints faced by synthetic drugs. Various plants and associated secondary metabolites display a great prospective as cytotoxic anticancer agents due to their specific interference with validated drug targets, such as inhibitors of mitosis, topoisomerase I and II inhibitor, DNA interactive agent, protein kinase inhibitors, inhibitors of DNA synthesis. In this review, the therapeutic potential of various natural compounds and their derivatives are presented based on their molecular targets. These herbal compounds and their derivatives could provide a rich resource for novel anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shobha Upreti
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department Of Zoology, Kumaun University, SSJ Campus, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Satish Chandra Pandey
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department Of Zoology, Kumaun University, SSJ Campus, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ila Bisht
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department Of Zoology, Kumaun University, SSJ Campus, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mukesh Samant
- Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department Of Zoology, Kumaun University, SSJ Campus, Almora, Uttarakhand, India.
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6
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Sharifi-Rad J, Ozleyen A, Boyunegmez Tumer T, Oluwaseun Adetunji C, El Omari N, Balahbib A, Taheri Y, Bouyahya A, Martorell M, Martins N, Cho WC. Natural Products and Synthetic Analogs as a Source of Antitumor Drugs. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E679. [PMID: 31683894 PMCID: PMC6920853 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease and one of the major issues of health concern, especially for the public health system globally. Nature is a source of anticancer drugs with abundant pool of diverse chemicals and pharmacologically active compounds. In recent decade, some natural products and synthetic analogs have been investigated for the cancer treatment. This article presents the utilization of natural products as a source of antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran.
| | - Adem Ozleyen
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey.
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey.
| | - Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
- Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Edo University, Iyamho, Edo State 300271, Nigeria.
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10100, Morocco.
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Zoology and General Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Yasaman Taheri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile.
- Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepcion 4070386, Chile.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
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7
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Cao YN, Zheng LL, Wang D, Liang XX, Gao F, Zhou XL. Recent advances in microtubule-stabilizing agents. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:806-828. [PMID: 29223097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Highly dynamic mitotic spindle microtubules are superb therapeutic targets for a group of chemically diverse and clinically successful anticancer drugs. Microtubule-targeted drugs disrupt microtubule dynamics in distinct ways, and they are primarily classified into two groups: microtubule destabilizing agents (MDAs), such as vinblastine, colchicine, and combretastatin-A4, and microtubule stabilizing agents (MSAs), such as paclitaxel and epothilones. Systematic discovery and development of new MSAs have been aided by extensive research on paclitaxel, yielding a large number of promising anticancer compounds. This review focuses on the natural sources, structural features, mechanisms of action, structure-activity relationship (SAR) and chemical synthesis of MSAs. These MSAs mainly include paclitaxel, taccalonolides, epothilones, FR182877 (cyclostreptin), dictyostatin, discodermolide, eleutherobin and sarcodictyins, zampanolide, dactylolide, laulimalides, peloruside and ceratamines from natural sources, as well as small molecular microtubule stabilizers obtained via chemical synthesis. Then we discuss the application prospect and development of these anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Cao
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
| | - Ling-Li Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, PR China
| | - Dan Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Xiao-Xia Liang
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Agronomy College, Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China.
| | - Xian-Li Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, PR China
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8
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Localised delivery of doxorubicin to prostate cancer cells through a PSMA-targeted hyperbranched polymer theranostic. Biomaterials 2017; 141:330-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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9
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Stockdale TP, Williams CM. Pharmaceuticals that contain polycyclic hydrocarbon scaffolds. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:7737-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00477a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review comprehensively explores approved pharmaceutical compounds that contain polycyclic scaffolds and the properties that these skeletons convey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tegan P. Stockdale
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
- University of Queensland
- St Lucia
- Australia
| | - Craig M. Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences
- University of Queensland
- St Lucia
- Australia
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10
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Pearce AK, Rolfe BE, Russell PJ, Tse BWC, Whittaker AK, Fuchs AV, Thurecht KJ. Development of a polymer theranostic for prostate cancer. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00999a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Patel NK, Finianos A, Whitaker KD, Aragon-Ching JB. Advanced prostate cancer - patient survival and potential impact of enzalutamide and other emerging therapies. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2014; 10:651-64. [PMID: 25170270 PMCID: PMC4144843 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s57509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of exponential growth of novel agents tested and approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) has brought about a need for understanding of the mechanism of action, side-effects, and clinical efficacy of these drugs as they relate to these patients. This review will provide a synopsis of the treatment landscape in mCRPC as varying agents such as abiraterone acetate, cabazitaxel, sipuleucel-T, radium, and selected emerging agents are presented. A distinct focus on the utilization of enzalutamide, its mechanism of action, key pivotal trials that brought about its US Food and Drug Administration approval, as well as patient-focused perspectives and clinical implications are discussed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihar K Patel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Antoine Finianos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kristen D Whitaker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jeanny B Aragon-Ching
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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12
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Abidi A. Cabazitaxel: A novel taxane for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer-current implications and future prospects. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2014; 4:230-7. [PMID: 24250198 PMCID: PMC3825997 DOI: 10.4103/0976-500x.119704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the management of prostate cancer have shown considerable development with time and many novel therapeutic agents have been approved over the past years. For patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), initially docetaxel was the standard chemotherapy but once they became refractory to docetaxel, no treatment improved survival. This scenario changed in June 2010 when the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Cabazitaxel as a new therapeutic option for patients with mCRPC resistant to docetaxel. Cabazitaxel, being a novel tubulin-binding taxane with poor affinity for P-glycoprotein, decreases the chances of resistance. It has shown antitumor activity in preclinical, phase I, II and III clinical studies in docetaxel-resistant tumors. This article summarises the background, pharmacodynamic, kinetics and clinical development of cabazitaxel for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Future development and rational use of this drug in other tumors is under therapeutic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afroz Abidi
- Department of Pharmacology, Subharti Medical College, Subhartipuram, Meerut Bypass, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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13
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Targeted inhibition of prostate cancer metastases with an RNA aptamer to prostate-specific membrane antigen. Mol Ther 2014; 22:1910-22. [PMID: 24954476 PMCID: PMC4429728 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-targeted therapies (smart drugs), which selectively control cancer cell progression with limited toxicity to normal cells, have been developed to effectively treat some cancers. However, many cancers such as metastatic prostate cancer (PC) have yet to be treated with current smart drug technology. Here, we describe the thorough preclinical characterization of an RNA aptamer (A9g) that functions as a smart drug for PC by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Treatment of PC cells with A9g results in reduced cell migration/invasion in culture and metastatic disease in vivo. Importantly, A9g is safe in vivo and is not immunogenic in human cells. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies in mice confirm target specificity and absence of non-specific on/off-target effects. In conclusion, these studies provide new and important insights into the role of PSMA in driving carcinogenesis and demonstrate critical endpoints for the translation of a novel RNA smart drug for advanced stage PC.
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14
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El-Amm J, Aragon-Ching JB. The changing landscape in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2013; 5:25-40. [PMID: 23323145 DOI: 10.1177/1758834012458137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The past few years have brought increasing advances in the therapeutic management of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with the approval of several agents, including vaccine therapy with sipuleucel-T, second-line chemotherapy with cabazitaxel, the bone-targeted pharmaceutical denosumab, and the novel antiandrogen therapy abiraterone acetate. There are ongoing developments with other agents in the pipeline such as MDV3100 and alpharadin that have shown promising results. This review describes the clinical trials that brought about the drug approvals of various agents and offers some insights regarding a rational approach to optimal treatment sequencing for these drugs since national guidelines are currently lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joelle El-Amm
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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15
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Abstract
The taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel) represent an important class of antineoplastic agents that interfere with microtubule function leading to altered mitosis and cellular death. Paclitaxel (Taxol(®)) was originally extracted from a yew tree (Taxus spp., Taxaceae) a small slow-growing evergreen, coniferous tree. Due to the initial scarcity of paclitaxel, docetaxel (Taxotere(®)) a semisynthetic analog of paclitaxel produced from the needles of European yew tree, Taxus baccata was developed. Docetaxel differs from paclitaxel in two positions in its chemical structure and this small alteration makes it more water soluble. Today, paclitaxel and docetaxel are widely prescribed antineoplastic agents for a broad range of malignancies including lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, bladder cancer, and other carcinomas. Although very active clinically, paclitaxel and docetaxel have several clinical problems including poor drug solubility, serious dose-limiting toxicities such as myelosuppression, peripheral sensory neuropathy, allergic reactions, and eventual development of drug resistance. A number of these side effects have been associated with the solvents used for dilution of these antineoplastic agents: Cremophor EL for paclitaxel and polysorbate 80 for docetaxel. In addition, reports have linked these solvents to the alterations in paclitaxel and docetaxel pharmacokinetic profiles. In this review, we provide preclinical and clinical data on several novel taxanes formulations and analogs which are currently US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved or in clinical development in various solid tumor malignancies. Of the new taxanes nab-paclitaxel and cabazitaxel have enjoyed clinical success and are FDA-approved; while many of the other compounds described in this review are unlikely to be further developed for clinical use in daily practice. Furthermore, the successful clinical emergence of novel nontaxane microtubule-targeting chemotherapy agents such as epothilones and eribulin is liable to further restrict the development of novel taxanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean A Yared
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katherine HR Tkaczuk
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
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16
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Nightingale G, Ryu J. Cabazitaxel (jevtana): a novel agent for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. P & T : A PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL FOR FORMULARY MANAGEMENT 2012; 37:440-8. [PMID: 23091336 PMCID: PMC3474423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This article presents current clinical evidence supporting the use of cabazitaxel (Jevtana) in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). DATA SOURCES We conducted a literature search using abstracts from MEDLINE and PubMed (from January 1966 to December 2011) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (from January 2000 to December 2011). The search included clinical studies and abstracts in the English language that described the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical activity, and safety of cabazitaxel in mCRPC. RESULTS Cabazitaxel, a semisynthetic microtubule inhibitor that induces cell death by microtubule stabilization, was approved in combination with prednisone for the treatment of mCRPC in patients who had been treated with a docetaxel-(Taxotere)-containing regimen. The approval of this taxane derivative was based primarily on the results of a randomized, open-label trial in patients with mCRPC who were treated with either cabazitaxel 25 mg/m(2) or mitoxantrone (Novantrone) 12 mg/m(2) intravenously every 3 weeks, both in combination with prednisone 10 mg/day. The median survival period was 15.1 months with cabazitaxel and 12.7 months with mitoxantrone. Neither group experienced complete responses. Cabazitaxel has also shown activity in breast cancer and other malignancies. In clinical trials, common grade 3 or grade 4 adverse reactions were myelosuppression, febrile neutropenia, diarrhea, fatigue, and asthenia. Other adverse effects included abdominal pain, back pain, arthralgia, and peripheral neuropathy. CONCLUSION Cabazitaxel appeared to be an effective second-line agent in patients with mCRPC refractory to a docetaxel-containing regimen. Studies comparing cabazitaxel with existing first-line regimens for mCRPC are under way. Until the results of these head-to-head trials are published, it remains uncertain whether cabazitaxel is more effective or more tolerable than the currently available first-line regimens.
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Amaral TMS, Macedo D, Fernandes I, Costa L. Castration-resistant prostate cancer: mechanisms, targets, and treatment. Prostate Cancer 2012; 2012:327253. [PMID: 22530130 PMCID: PMC3316959 DOI: 10.1155/2012/327253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), who progress after docetaxel therapy, had until very recently, only a few therapeutic options. Recent advances in this field brought about new perspectives in the treatment of this disease. Molecular, basic, and translational research has given us a better understanding on the mechanisms of CRPC. This great investment has turned into a more rational approach to the development of new drugs. Some of the new treatments are already available to our patients outside clinical trials and may include inhibitors of androgen biosynthesis; new chemotherapy agents; bone-targeted therapy; and immunotherapy. This paper aims to review the mechanisms of prostate cancer resistance, possible therapeutic targets, as well as new options to treat CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Macedo
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, 1649-039 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabel Fernandes
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, 1649-039 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luis Costa
- Oncology Division, Hospital de Santa Maria, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, 1649-039 Lisbon, Portugal
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Omlin A, de Bono JS. Therapeutic Options for Advanced Prostate Cancer: 2011 Update. Curr Urol Rep 2012; 13:170-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11934-012-0239-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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PARENTE P, PARNIS F, GURNEY H. Emerging and second line therapies for the management of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: The Australian perspective. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2012; 8:31-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-7563.2011.01506.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hurria A, Browner IS, Cohen HJ, Denlinger CS, deShazo M, Extermann M, Ganti AKP, Holland JC, Holmes HM, Karlekar MB, Keating NL, McKoy J, Medeiros BC, Mrozek E, O'Connor T, Petersdorf SH, Rugo HS, Silliman RA, Tew WP, Walter LC, Weir AB, Wildes T. Senior adult oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2012; 10:162-209. [PMID: 22308515 PMCID: PMC3656650 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2012.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Madan RA, Pal SK, Sartor O, Dahut WL. Overcoming chemotherapy resistance in prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17:3892-902. [PMID: 21680545 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-10-2654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although treatment for prostate cancer has improved over the past several years, taxanes remain the only form of chemotherapy that improves survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). In addition to the promising therapeutic cancer vaccines and newly developed agents targeting androgen receptor signaling, chemotherapy-based treatments will likely continue to play a significant role in patients with mCRPC. Recently published data that showed that a second taxane (cabazitaxel) extends survival after progression on docetaxel was a significant step forward, but also highlighted the need to overcome taxane resistance in prostate cancer. Preliminary evidence suggests that several treatment strategies may improve the activity of taxanes in prostate cancer and perhaps enhance clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi A Madan
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology and Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Pal SK, Sartor O. Current paradigms and evolving concepts in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Asian J Androl 2011; 13:683-9. [PMID: 21602834 PMCID: PMC3449061 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2011.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Revised: 03/06/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Until recently, docetaxel-based therapy represented the only therapy shown to prolong survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The past year and a half has been marked by unprecedented progress in treatments for this disease. Three positive phase III clinical trials have emerged, each evaluating agents (sipuleucel-T, cabazitaxel and abiraterone) with distinct mechanisms of action. Herein, the three pivotal trials are described alongside both past and current large phase III studies conducted in this mCRPC. The overall survival for patients with mCRPC treated in current clinical trials is considerably longer than noted in the past. We note that more recent trials with older agents have also shown improved survival and discuss potential non-therapeutic biases that influence this critical measure of outcome. The necessity for utilizing randomized trials when evaluating new therapeutics is emphasized given the changing prognosis in this mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Kumar Pal
- Division of Genitourinary Malignancies, Department of Medical Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Paller CJ, Antonarakis ES. Cabazitaxel: a novel second-line treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2011; 5:117-24. [PMID: 21448449 PMCID: PMC3063116 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) had limited therapeutic options once they became refractory to docetaxel chemotherapy, and no treatments improved survival. This changed in June 2010 when the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved cabazitaxel as a new option for patients with CRPC whose disease progresses during or after docetaxel treatment. For most of these patients, cabazitaxel will now replace mitoxantrone (a drug that was FDA-approved because of its palliative effects) as the treatment of choice for docetaxel-refractory disease. The approval of cabazitaxel was based primarily on the TROPIC trial, a large (n = 755) randomized Phase III study showing an overall median survival benefit of 2.4 months for men with docetaxel-pretreated metastatic CRPC receiving cabazitaxel (with prednisone) compared to mitoxantrone (with prednisone). Cabazitaxel is a novel tubulin-binding taxane that differs from docetaxel because of its poor affinity for P-glycoprotein (P-gp), an ATP-dependent drug efflux pump. Cancer cells that express P-gp become resistant to taxanes, and the effectiveness of docetaxel can be limited by its high substrate affinity for P-gp. Preclinical and early clinical studies show that cabazitaxel retains activity in docetaxel-resistant tumors, and this was confirmed by the TROPIC study. Common adverse events with cabazitaxel include neutropenia (including febrile neutropenia) and diarrhea, while neuropathy was rarely observed. Thus, the combination of cabazitaxel and prednisone is an important new treatment option for men with docetaxel-refractory metastatic CRPC, but this agent should be administered cautiously and with appropriate monitoring (especially in men at high risk of neutropenic complications).
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Affiliation(s)
- Channing J Paller
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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Kim SJ, Kim SI. Current treatment strategies for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Korean J Urol 2011; 52:157-65. [PMID: 21461278 PMCID: PMC3065126 DOI: 10.4111/kju.2011.52.3.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in United States and the fifth most common cancer in men in Korea. Although the majority of patients with metastatic prostate cancer initially respond to androgen deprivation therapy, almost all patients will eventually progress to develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Treatment options for CRPC remain limited. Prostate cancer was considered unresponsive to chemotherapy until the mid-1990s, when mitoxantrone combined with prednisone was shown to play a role in the palliative treatment of patients with CRPC. In 2004, two large randomized clinical trials demonstrated for the first time a small but significant survival advantage of docetaxel-based chemotherapy compared with mitoxantrone in patients with metastatic CRPC. Recently, cabazitaxel was shown to improve survival in patients with metastatic CRPC who progressed after docetaxel-based chemotherapy. Sipuleucel-T was also demonstrated to improve overall survival in patients with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic CRPC. Along with mitoxantrone and docetaxel, cabazitaxel and sipuleucel-T are now approved for use in metastatic CRPC by the US Food and Drug Administration. There have been multiple early-phase clinical trials of various agents for the treatment of CRPC, and some are in phase III development. This review focuses on the key clinical trials of various treatment options of CRPC currently in use and under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Joong Kim
- Department of Urology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sun Il Kim
- Department of Urology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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