Impact on facial rejuvenation with dermatological preparations

The Health Literacy of Retinol Cream Usage Among Female Students in the Faculty of Artificial Intelligence at Al-Balqa Applied University

INTRODUCTION

Considering people's tendency to self-treatment, efforts to address the broad aspects of health literacy are extremely important. The study aimed to find out the level of health literacy related to the use of retinol creams among female undergraduate students of the Faculty of Artificial Intelligence at Al-Balqa Applied University.

METHODS

This study adopted an analytical descriptive research methodology by designing and applying a questionnaire tool. The questionnaire consisted, after arbitration and testing its validity and stability, of 15 items. Each item represents one of the indicators for measuring the level of health literacy about the use of retinol creams. The sample of the study was a random sample of female students in the Faculty of Artificial Intelligence at Al-Balqa Applied University.

RESULTS

A total of 221 undergraduate female students were enrolled in the study. The most important results were that the arithmetic mean for estimating the level of health culture among female students in the study on the use of retinol creams was 3.117 out of 5, with a relative weight percentage of 62.3% and an average total score on the general level of indicators of total health culture.

CONCLUSION

This study provided insights into the health literacy related to the use of retinol creams among female students. While the students demonstrated a high level of health education in some aspects, there were areas where their knowledge and practices could be improved. These findings can contribute to the development of educational programs and interventions aimed at promoting the safe and informed use of retinol creams among university students.

The Study of a Validated Assessment Scale for a Localized Submental Fat Volume

BACKGROUND

This aim of this study was to develop an objective tool for rating submental fat applied to Koreans.

METHODS

The study was conducted between April 2019 and October 2019. A total of 92 subjects were enrolled in the study. Clinical photos of the subjects were categorized using validated CR-SMFRS by three plastic surgeons and one dermatologist. The categorized photos were then shown to six different plastic surgeons for evaluation.

RESULTS

The Cohen's kappa value for the six raters were 0.830, 0.742, 0.703, 0.907, 0.862, and 0.793 with statistical significance (p < 0.001). ICC value was between 0.860 and 0.966 (p < 0.001). Since the Cohen's value and ICC were above 0.6 for all raters, the ratings performed by all six raters were used in the analysis. The ICC values between raters were between 0.899 and 0.902.

CONCLUSIONS

We came up with a set of reference photos that can be used for submental fat rating scale applicable to Korean subjects.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

II.

Hyaluronic acid-lipid binding

Background

Phospholipid (PL)–hyaluronic acid (HA) interactions are relevant to aging-associated vitreous humor liquefaction, therapies for dry eye disease, skin-care products and synovial joint lubrication. Phosphatidyl choline–HA interactions have been well characterized. However, other major lipids found in tears, vitreous humor and synovial joints have not. The purpose of this study was to bridge this gap of knowledge.

Methods

HA (1600 kDa) at 5 mg/mL, was mixed with various lipids ranging in concentration from 0.1 to 10 mg/mL in D₂O. HA–PL binding was measured from the decrease in HA proton resonance intensity with binding using a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer.

Results

Cholesterol weakly bound to HA, followed by monoglyceride and palmitoyl palmitate < phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidic acid and sphingomyelin. The maximum amount of PL bound was 14 ± 1 µmoles inferring a 1 to 1 molar ratio of bound PL to HA dimer. Monoglyceride and palmitoyl palmitate required two to three times more lipid to achieve 100% bound HA compared to PL.

Conclusions

Physiological levels of HA, phosphatidyl choline and sphingomyelin would result in only 4% of the hydrophobic hydrogens of HA to be bound. HA–PL binding interactions could be important for therapeutic use of HA in eye drops in future studies to treat dry eye and to trap PL entering the VH to keep them from forming light scattering micelles. HA–lipid binding may also be relevant to the therapeutic effects of topical skin-care products. Both head group and hydrocarbon chain moieties influence HA–lipid interactions.

Efficacy of home-use light-emitting diode device at 637 and 854-nm for facial rejuvenation: A split-face pilot study

BACKGROUND

The use of light-emitting diode (LED) in combination wavelength for facial rejuvenation has been previously reported. Nowadays, there has been a growing market for home-use cosmetic devices because of its low cost and convenience.

AIMS

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of home-use LED device on facial rejuvenation.

METHODS

This was a prospective split-face clinical trial with a total of 24 subjects, who presented with photo aging skin. All subjects were treated with the home-use LED device on the left side of their face, twice a week for 8 weeks. Primary outcomes measured in the study were the changes in the biophysical properties of the skin assessed with the following parameters: skin elasticity, skin hydration, texture, and wrinkles. Evaluations were done at baseline, 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-week follow-up. Subjects' self-improvement scores and adverse reactions were also recorded.

RESULTS

All 24 subjects completed the study and attended all follow-up. Skin elasticity was significantly higher in the LED group compared to the control during the 6- and 8-week follow-up (P < .05). In the LED group, an image of the treated skin captured using Visioscan^® showed improvement of the skin texture at 8-week follow-up. Majority of the subjects in the LED group scored good improvement on all follow-ups (37.5%, 41.7%, 58.3%, and 62.5%) when compared to the baseline. No adverse reactions or pain were recorded in the study.

CONCLUSION

The home-use LED device, with a combination wavelength of 637 and 854 nm, is safe and can be used as an adjunctive treatment for self-administered facial rejuvenation.

Quality of Life and Poor Oral Health: A Comparison of Postmenopausal Women

Inter-relationships between traditional dental variables are becoming more evident in far reaching aspects of life, such as psychosocial interaction, self-esteem, overall health and even occupational performance. This study compares quality of life (QoL) in postmenopausal women (PMW) with poor oral health (POH) with QoL in PMW with good oral health. A total of 200 randomly recruited PMW received a dental evaluation and completed the Utian Quality of Life Survey. The participants were divided into POH and healthy groups based on a dental exam. Mean scores were calculated for each QoL item, domain and the overall summary score. For each of the four parameters for periodontitis diagnosis, periodontitis b s patients’ QoL outcomes were compared to those of healthy patients using a T-test with a threshold of significance at p < 0.05. QoL in all fields measured was significantly poorer in the POH patients compared to the healthy patients: occupational score (19.95 ± 5.35 vs. 27.56 ± 6.13), health score (18.02 ± 8.23 vs. 26.59 ± 6.45), emotional score (15.68 ± 10.22 vs. 21.15 ± 9.15), sexual score (6.2 ± 5.98 vs. 10.02 ± 5.35), and total score (60.21 ± 25.85 vs. 84.26 ± 22.35). This study finds that PMW with POH report significantly poorer quality of life. Clinicians caring for PMW should be aware that oral health impacts QoL and make appropriate referral decisions for patients’ dental care.

Facial Filler Grid (FAFI GRID): A New Method of Facial Analysis

Despite the expert execution of the most sophisticated techniques, a precise descriptive guide of the treated areas to produce clinical records is lacking. The aim of our study was to develop a method of facial analysis to get a classification of areas that have to be treated for precise records. Our aim was to find an easy and original method for positioning and recording facial filler quantities and results.

METHODS

We studied this method of analysis on 300 nonsmoker patients aged between 25 and 55 years. It involves the use of vertical and horizontal lines to divide the middle lower third into areas. It is this grid-like framework of perpendicular lines that gives rise to the name selected for the method.

RESULTS

Postsurgical analysis with FAFI GRID (Facial Filler Grid) indicated a satisfactory outcome, and it proved useful for precise records.

DISCUSSION

FAFI GRID allows us to treat precise facial points that are treated in steps: (1) malar, (2) nose, (3) lower third. The method thus provides an easy way to position and orient facial fillers in the entire face.

Anti-aging cosmetics: facts and controversies

The authors review ageing in its extrinsic and intrinsic mechanisms, as well as the therapies available for improving its effects, and present some of the facts and controversies related to anti-aging cosmetics.