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Victo ERD, Ferrari G, Matsudo VKR, Pires CAM, Araújo TL, Katzmarzyk PT, Solé D. NUTRITIONAL STATUS, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR, DIET, AND LIFESTYLE IN CHILDHOOD: AN ANALYSIS OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN ADOLESCENCE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 39:e2020007. [PMID: 33263695 PMCID: PMC7695122 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2021/39/2020007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the association between nutritional status, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet, and lifestyle in childhood with respiratory diseases during adolescence. Methods: Prospective study conducted in São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo - Brazil, as part of the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE). During childhood, indicators of lifestyle (body composition, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet) and family environment were measured in 2012 and 2013. After five years, participants answered the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases (asthma and/or rhinitis). Analyses were determined by logistic regression. Results: A total of 168 schoolchildren (56% boys) were evaluated, and the prevalence of asthma and rhinitis accounted for 15.5 and 25.6%, respectively. Whole milk consumption (Odds Ratio [OR]=1.24; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.03-1.49), having a television in the bedroom (OR=0.29; 95%CI 0.12-0.71), and attending physical education classes ≥2 times/week (OR=0.30; 95%CI 0.11-0.81) in childhood were associated with the presence of asthma in adolescence. Factors significantly associated with rhinitis were as follows: female participants (OR=2.45; 95%CI 1.20-4.98) and whole milk consumption (OR=1.21; 95%CI 1.04-1.40). Conclusions: Higher consumption of whole milk, not having a television in the bedroom, few physical education classes, and being a girl were factors associated with respiratory diseases. Public policies should be directed toward a healthier lifestyle and the prevention of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Rossato de Victo
- Discipline of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Laboratory of Sciences of Physical Activity, Sports and Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Carlos André Miranda Pires
- Center for research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Timóteo Leandro Araújo
- Centro de Estudos do Laboratório de Aptidão Física de São Caetano do Sul, São Caetano do Sul, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Dirceu Solé
- Discipline of Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Padilha LL, Ribeiro CCC, Nascimento JXPT, Simões VMF, Vitti FP, Cardoso VC, Vianna EO, Barbieri MA, Silva AAMD, Bettiol H. Lifetime overweight and adult asthma: 1978/1979 Ribeirão Preto Birth Cohort, São Paulo, Brazil. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2020; 36:e00041519. [PMID: 32187287 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00041519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies focusing on obesity and asthma frequently consider the weight at a given time; thus, modeling pathways through lifetime overweight may contribute to elucidate temporal aspects in this relationship. This study modeled the pathways in the association of lifetime overweight with asthma in adult life, using data from the 1978/1979 Birth Cohort, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil (n = 2,063) at birth (baseline), school age (9/11 years) and adult age (23/25 years). A theoretical model was proposed to explore the effects of lifetime overweight on asthma in adult life analyzed by structural equation modeling. Parental obesity (SC - standardized coefficenttotal = 0.211, p < 0.001; SCdirect = 0.115, p = 0.007) and overweight at school age (SCtotal = 0.565, p < 0.0001; SCdirect = 0.565, p < 0.0001) were associated with overweight in adult life. Parental obesity (SCdirect = 0.105, p = 0.047) and nutritional status at birth (SCtotal = -0.124, p = 0.009; SCdirect = -0.131, p = 0.007) were associated with asthma in adult life. A higher "current adult socieconomic situation" was inversely associated to overweight (SCdirect = -0.171, p = 0.020) and to asthma in adult life (SCtotal = -0.179, p = 0.041; SCdirect = -0.182, p = 0.039). Parental obesity showed a transgenerational effect in weight, triggering to childhood and adulthood overweight. Parallel to underweight at birth, parental obesity was also a risk to asthma in adult life. While, the socioeconomic status in adult life protected from both, overweight and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fernanda Pino Vitti
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Viviane Cunha Cardoso
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Elcio Oliveira Vianna
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio Barbieri
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Heloísa Bettiol
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Ng CACM, Knuiman MW, Murray K, Divitini ML, Musk AWB, James AL. Childhood BMI and the occurrence of respiratory disease-related hospital admissions or death in adulthood: the Busselton Health Study. Ann Epidemiol 2020; 42:19-24.e2. [PMID: 32081535 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Few studies have investigated the association of childhood obesity with respiratory disease-related outcomes in adulthood and findings are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of body mass index (BMI) in childhood with the occurrence of respiratory events in adulthood. METHODS We analyzed a cohort of 4537 school-aged children who attended the Busselton Health Study. Height and weight were measured and generated BMI z-scores were categorized into four groups. Participants were followed for respiratory disease-related hospital admissions or death using the Western Australia Data Linkage System. The associations between childhood BMI and respiratory events in adulthood were investigated using Cox regression models. A subgroup of 2196 that reattended a survey in young adulthood was also analyzed. RESULTS During the 122,781 person-years of follow-up, 810 participants experienced a respiratory event. Childhood BMI group was not associated with risk of respiratory event in adulthood (hazard ratio for BMI z ≥ 1 vs. < -1 = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.70-1.17; P = .295) and this persisted after adjustment for selected confounders in the subgroup (hazard ratio 0.80; 95% CI, 0.43-1.48; P = .476). CONCLUSIONS Childhood BMI is not associated with risk of respiratory events in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A C M Ng
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
| | - Matthew W Knuiman
- School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Kevin Murray
- School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Mark L Divitini
- School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Arthur W Bill Musk
- School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Alan L James
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia
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Nwaru BI, Ohlsson C, Bygdell M, Martikainen J, Kindblom JM. Pubertal BMI change and adult-onset asthma in men: Population-based cohort study in Sweden. Clin Exp Allergy 2019; 50:51-60. [PMID: 31732997 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of pubertal BMI change in adult-onset concomitant asthma and allergic rhinitis is unknown. OBJECTIVE We investigated the association of childhood and young adult BMI, and pubertal BMI changes with adult-onset asthma, allergic rhinitis, and concomitant asthma and rhinitis in Swedish men. METHODS The BMI Epidemiology Study in Gothenburg, Sweden, comprised of height and weight measures taken from school health records (6.5-9.5 years) and during military conscription (17.5-22 years) for all men born 1945-1961 (n = 37 652). Age-adjusted childhood BMI centred at 8 years and young adult BMI at 20 years were linked to high quality data on asthma and allergic rhinitis diagnoses from the Swedish National Patient Register. FINDINGS High BMI (4th quartile vs the two median quartiles) at 8 years was associated with increased risk of concomitant asthma and allergic rhinitis (HR 1.45; 95% CI 1.00-2.11). Overweight (HR 1.45; 95% CI 1.12-1.89) and obesity (HR 1.95; 95% CI 1.08-3.54) at 20 years were associated with increased risk of asthma without concomitant allergic rhinitis as main or auxiliary diagnosis. Pubertal BMI change showed a non-linear association, so that both low (1st quartile vs the two median quartiles) and high pubertal BMI changes were associated with increased risk of asthma (low: HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.11-1.68; high: HR 1.32; 95% CI 1.07-1.63) and asthma without concomitant allergic rhinitis (low: HR 1.33; 95% CI 1.04-1.69; high: HR 1.36; 95% CI 1.07-1.74) as a main diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Both low and high pubertal BMI changes are predictors of adult-onset asthma in men, particularly asthma without concomitant allergic rhinitis. Primary prevention of adult-onset asthma requires monitoring of changes in BMI during puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bright I Nwaru
- Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Bygdell
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jari Martikainen
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenny M Kindblom
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Naeem A, Silveyra P. Sex Differences in Paediatric and Adult Asthma. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/10312930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic condition in Western countries. Affecting 1 in 7 children and 1 in 12 adults, asthma is responsible for >350,000 avoidable deaths every year. While most children who develop symptoms of asthma are <5 years of age, the disease is frequently misdiagnosed or not suspected in infants and toddlers. In addition, the prevalence of asthma is different in males and females throughout their lifespan. While boys are more likely to develop asthma than girls, this pattern is reversed after puberty. This indicates that sex-specific factors, such as fluctuations in hormone levels, play a role in the disease’s pathogenesis. In this review, the authors discuss recent advances in diagnostic tools for asthma in both adults and children, as well as the influences of BMI, environmental exposures, socioeconomic factors, and sex hormones in the disease’s pathogenesis. The review will show that both experimental and epidemiological evidence suggest that circulating sex hormone levels are important contributors to asthma symptoms in post-pubertal females, while their role in males and children has not been yet established. In addition, the mechanisms associated with these hormonal influences on airway inflammation and hyper-reactivity have not been yet elucidated. The authors conclude that different factors affect asthma rates and severity in children and adults, and that more research needs to be conducted to identify the specific contributions of sex hormones. These will allow the development of more personalised asthma treatment strategies for men and women at different stages of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Naeem
- Pulmonary, Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Pulmonary, Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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Naeem A, Silveyra P. Sex Differences in Paediatric and Adult Asthma. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019; 4:27-35. [PMID: 31328173 PMCID: PMC6641536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic condition in Western countries. Affecting 1 in 7 children and 1 in 12 adults, asthma is responsible for >350,000 avoidable deaths every year. While most children who develop symptoms of asthma are <5 years of age, the disease is frequently misdiagnosed or not suspected in infants and toddlers. In addition, the prevalence of asthma is different in males and females throughout their lifespan. While boys are more likely to develop asthma than girls, this pattern is reversed after puberty. This indicates that sex-specific factors, such as fluctuations in hormone levels, play a role in the disease's pathogenesis. In this review, the authors discuss recent advances in diagnostic tools for asthma in both adults and children, as well as the influences of BMI, environmental exposures, socioeconomic factors, and sex hormones in the disease's pathogenesis. The review will show that both experimental and epidemiological evidence suggest that circulating sex hormone levels are important contributors to asthma symptoms in post-pubertal females, while their role in males and children has not been yet established. In addition, the mechanisms associated with these hormonal influences on airway inflammation and hyper-reactivity have not been yet elucidated. The authors conclude that different factors affect asthma rates and severity in children and adults, and that more research needs to be conducted to identify the specific contributions of sex hormones. These will allow the development of more personalised asthma treatment strategies for men and women at different stages of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Naeem
- Pulmonary, Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA,Correspondence to
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Pulmonary, Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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Averina M, Brox J, Huber S, Furberg AS, Sørensen M. Serum perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and risk of asthma and various allergies in adolescents. The Tromsø study Fit Futures in Northern Norway. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 169:114-121. [PMID: 30447498 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental pollutants may contribute to the development of asthma and other allergies. The aim of this study was to investigate possible associations between asthma and other allergies with exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in adolescents from the Arctic region of Norway. METHODS The Tromsø study Fit Futures 1 (TFF1) and 3-year follow-up Fit Futures 2 study (TFF2) included 675 adolescents that completed a questionnaire about health conditions and underwent a clinical examination with blood tests and fractional nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement. Serum concentrations of 18 PFASs were measured by UHPLC-MS/MS method. RESULTS Total PFASs (ΣPFAS) serum concentration over 4th quartile was positively associated with asthma in the TFF1 (OR 3.35 (95% CI 1.54-7.29), p = 0.002). Total perfluorooctane sulfonate (ΣPFOS), linear PFOS (linPFOS), linear perfluorohexane sulfonate (linPFHxS) concentrations over 4th quartiles were associated with 2 times higher odds of asthma in the TFF1. The positive associations between ΣPFAS, ΣPFOS, linPFOS and asthma remained statistically significant in the TFF2. ΣPFAS and linPFHxS concentrations over 3rd tertiles were associated with positive marker of eosinophilic airways inflammation FeNO> 25 ppb. Concentrations of ΣPFOS and linPFOS over 3rd quartiles were positively associated with self-reported nickel allergy (OR 2.25 (95% CI 1.17-4.35) p = 0.016 and OR 2.53 (95% CI 1.30-4.90) p = 0.006, respectively). Allergic rhinitis, self-reported pollen allergy, food allergy and atopic eczema were not associated with PFASs concentrations. CONCLUSIONS This study of Norwegian adolescents showed a positive association between several PFASs and asthma, as well as between PFOS and nickel allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Averina
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Jan Brox
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Sandra Huber
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anne-Sofie Furberg
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Martin Sørensen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Pediatric Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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