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Park H, Yamaguchi R, Imoto S, Miyano S. Uncovering Molecular Mechanisms of Drug Resistance via Network-Constrained Common Structure Identification. J Comput Biol 2022; 29:257-275. [DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2021.0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heewon Park
- M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rui Yamaguchi
- Division of Cancer Systems Biology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Cancer Informatics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Imoto
- Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Rimal R, Desai P, Marquez AB, Sieg K, Marquardt Y, Singh S. 3-D vascularized breast cancer model to study the role of osteoblast in formation of a pre-metastatic niche. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21966. [PMID: 34754042 PMCID: PMC8578551 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01513-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer cells (BCCs) preferentially metastasize to bone. It is known that BCCs remotely primes the distant bone site prior to metastasis. However, the reciprocal influence of bone cells on the primary tumor is relatively overlooked. Here, to study the bone-tumor paracrine influence, a tri-cellular 3-D vascularized breast cancer tissue (VBCTs) model is engineered which comprised MDA-MB231, a triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC), fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. This is indirectly co-cultured with osteoblasts (OBs), thereby constituting a complex quad-cellular tumor progression model. VBCTs alone and in conjunction with OBs led to abnormal vasculature and reduced vessel density but enhanced VEGF production. A total of 1476 significantly upregulated and 775 downregulated genes are identified in the VBCTs exposed to OBs. HSP90N, CYCS, RPS27A, and EGFR are recognized as upregulated hub-genes. Kaplan Meier plot shows HSP90N to have a significant outcome in TNBC patient survivability. Furthermore, compared to cancer tissues without vessels, gene analysis recognized 1278 significantly upregulated and 566 downregulated genes in VBCTs. DKK1, CXCL13, C3 protein and BMP4 are identified to be downregulated hub genes in VBCTs. Together, a multi-cellular breast cancer model and culture protocols are established to study pre-metastatic events in the presence of OBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rimal
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forkenbeckstrasse 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Prachi Desai
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forkenbeckstrasse 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrea Bonnin Marquez
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forkenbeckstrasse 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Karina Sieg
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forkenbeckstrasse 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yvonne Marquardt
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Smriti Singh
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forkenbeckstrasse 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Peng S, Cai J, Bao S. CMBs carrying PTX and CRISPR/Cas9 targeting C‑erbB‑2 plasmids interfere with endometrial cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:830. [PMID: 34590151 PMCID: PMC8503745 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of combination therapy to decrease side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs and increase their utilization rate in combination with gene editing is a key research topic in tumor treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of cationic microbubbles (CMBs) carrying paclitaxel (PTX) and C-erbB-2 knockout plasmid on the endometrial cancer cell line HEC-1A and to determine how C-erbB-2 regulates the function of endometrial cancer cells. Cells were treated with CMB, PTX, PTX-CMBs, cationic plasmid-carrying or cationic PTX-carrying plasmid groups. After verifying the most effective combination of PTX-CMBs and plasmids, HEC-1A cells were transfected. Reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR and western blotting were used to measure C-erbB-2 and protein expression. After verifying C-erbB-2 knockout, invasion, healing, clone formation and proliferation of HEC-1A cells were assessed. Simultaneously, expression levels of the genes for P21, P27, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and Bcl-2 associated death promoter (Bad) were measured by RT-qPCR. Compared with the PTX group, CMBs significantly enhanced the absorption efficiency of PTX by HEC-1A cells. C-erbB-2 knockout had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation, migration and invasion of HEC-1A cells; cell proliferation and invasion of the group carrying PTX and plasmids simultaneously were significantly weakened. The C-erbB-2-knockout group exhibited increased expression of P21 and P27. Simultaneously loading PTX and plasmid may be novel combination therapy with great potential. C-erbB-2 may regulate the proliferation of HEC-1A cells by downregulating expression of P21 and P27.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Peng
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hainan Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Junhong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Genetic Translational Medicine in Hainan Province, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
| | - Shan Bao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hainan General Hospital/Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
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Binang HB, Wang YS, Tewara MA, Du L, Shi S, Li N, Nsenga AGA, Wang C. Expression levels and associations of five long non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer and their clinical significance. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2431-2445. [PMID: 32194743 PMCID: PMC7039045 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a type of cancer that is commonly diagnosed worldwide due to a lack of early diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic targets for this disease. The aim of the present study was to examine the expression levels of five long non-coding RNAs, namely PTPRG antisense RNA 1 (PTPRG-AS1), forkhead box P4 antisense RNA 1 (FOXP4-AS1), bladder cancer-associated transcript 2 (BLACAT2), ZXF2 and upregulated in colorectal cancer (UCC), to study their associations with patient characteristics and assess their prognostic efficacy, in order to determine the possibility of their application as GC biomarkers. The expression levels of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis of 61 pairs of GC tissues and adjacent healthy gastric mucosa tissues and GC cell lines. The Chi-square test was conducted to assess the associations of lncRNA expression levels with clinical characteristics of patients. The effect of UCC on GC cell proliferation was determined using in vitro functional experiments. The prognostic efficacy of FOXP4-AS1, BLACAT2 and UCC were examined in the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database and those of PTPRG-AS1 were examined in the Kaplan Meier Plot database. Gene alteration frequencies of PTPRG-AS1 and BLACAT2 in GC were identified using the cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics. PTPRG-AS1, FOXP4-AS1, BLACAT2, ZXF2 and UCC were found to be upregulated in GC cell lines and GC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. PTPRG-AS1 and ZXF2 expression levels were associated with the expression status of the cell proliferation marker Ki67. UCC promoted the proliferation of GC cells in vitro and was associated with lymph node metastasis. Increased expression of FOXP4-AS1 indicated a favorable outcome in terms of disease-free survival, whereas high expression of PTPRG-AS1 was associated with poor survival rates for patients in different GC risk groups. BLACAT2 gene mutation was associated with poor disease-free survival outcome for patients with GC. The results suggest that PTPRG-AS1, FOXP4-AS1, BLACAT2, ZXF2 and UCC are potential biomarkers for the detection of GC at the molecular level and may be used as potential targets for GC therapy. The individual roles of these lncRNAs may be utilized for prognostic predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Barong Binang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Shan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Marlvin Anemey Tewara
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Ariston Gabriel Abakundana Nsenga
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
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Sun X, Wang S, Li Q. Comprehensive Analysis of Expression and Prognostic Value of Sirtuins in Ovarian Cancer. Front Genet 2019; 10:879. [PMID: 31572453 PMCID: PMC6754078 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) 1–7 are a family of intracellular enzymes, which possess nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase activity. Emerging evidence suggest that SIRTs play vital roles in tumorigenesis by regulating energy metabolism, DNA damage repair, genome stability, and other cancer-associated cellular processes. However, the distinct roles of the seven members in ovarian cancer (OC) remain elusive. The transcriptional expression patterns, prognostic values, and genetic alterations of seven SIRTs in OC patients were investigated in this study using a range of databases: Oncomine and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, Kaplan–Meier plotter, the Cancer Genome Atlas, and cBioPortal. The protein–protein interaction networks of SIRTs were assessed in the String database. Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway were analyzed in Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. The mRNA expression levels of SIRT1–4 and 7 were downregulated, while that of SIRT5 was upregulated and SIRT6 exhibited both expression dysregulation in patients with OC. Dysregulated SIRTs mRNA expression levels were associated with prognosis. Moreover, genetic alterations primarily occurred in SIRT2, 5, and 7. Network analysis indicated that SIRTs and their 20 interactors were associated with tumor-related pathways. This comprehensive bioinformatics analysis revealed that SIRT1–4, 6, and 7 may be new prognostic biomarkers, while SIRT5 is a potential target for accurate therapy for patients with OC, but further studies are needed to confirm this notion. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the distinct roles of SIRTs in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Sun
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of 2nd Gynecologic Oncology Surgery, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Shouhan Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Qingchang Li
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Kumar R, Paul AM, Rameshwar P, Pillai MR. Epigenetic Dysregulation at the Crossroad of Women's Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081193. [PMID: 31426393 PMCID: PMC6721458 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasingly number of women of all age groups are affected by cancer, despite substantial progress in our understanding of cancer pathobiology, the underlying genomic alterations and signaling cascades, and cellular-environmental interactions. Though our understanding of women’s cancer is far more complete than ever before, there is no comprehensive model to explain the reasons behind the increased incidents of certain reproductive cancer among older as well as younger women. It is generally suspected that environmental and life-style factors affecting hormonal and growth control pathways might help account for the rise of women’s cancers in younger age, as well, via epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetic regulators play an important role in orchestrating an orderly coordination of cellular signals in gene activity in response to upstream signaling and/or epigenetic modifiers present in a dynamic extracellular milieu. Here we will discuss the broad principles of epigenetic regulation of DNA methylation and demethylation, histone acetylation and deacetylation, and RNA methylation in women’s cancers in the context of gene expression, hormonal action, and the EGFR family of cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases. We anticipate that a better understanding of the epigenetics of women’s cancers may provide new regulatory leads and further fuel the development of new epigenetic biomarkers and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Cancer Biology Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala 695014, India.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
| | - Aswathy Mary Paul
- Cancer Biology Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala 695014, India
- Graduate Degree Program, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - M Radhakrishna Pillai
- Cancer Biology Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala 695014, India
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