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Ishtiaq H, Ahmad B, Zahid N, Bibi T, Khan I, Azizullah A, Ahmad K, Murshed A, Rehman SU, Abdel-Maksoud MA, El-Tayeb MA, Lu J, Zaky MY. Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Effects of Ranunculus hirtellus Aerial Parts and Roots: Methanol and Aqueous Extracts. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:21805-21821. [PMID: 38799316 PMCID: PMC11112719 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ranunculus hirtellus, also known as crowfoot (buttercup), has a rich tradition of use in various biological contexts. While antibacterial studies on extracts from this plant have been conducted, the phytochemical composition, antioxidant properties, and antidiabetic effects remain unexplored. In this study, the phytochemical, antioxidant, and antidiabetic effects of its methanol and aqueous extracts were investigated. Our approach involved gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), alongside quantitative and qualitative methods, for phytochemical profiles. Additionally, concerning biological activities, the antioxidant effect was assessed through 2, 2-diphenyl-pieryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) assays, while the antidiabetic effect was examined through the α-amylase inhibitory assay. The chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts of R. hirtellus revealed the presence of 14 distinct compounds. In the methanol extract, sterols, quinones, glycosides, lactones, lignin, and flavonoids were identified. The aqueous extract contained sterols, alkaloids, glycosides, triterpenes, terpenoids, quinones, leucoanthocyanins, and lactones. The total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), total tannin content (TTC), and reducing sugar content (RDC) were determined in plant extracts, and a linear relationship was found between these parameters. Additionally, the TTC, TPC, and TFC values for both extracts hovered around 0.3786, 0.0476, and 0.1864 μg/mL, respectively, across all plant concentrations, while RDC ranged from 0.9336 to 1.0119 μg/mL in all four extracts. In vitro assays demonstrated dose-dependent antidiabetic activity in both methanolic and aqueous extracts by inhibiting α-amylase. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity observed in the DPPH assay was greater in the aqueous extract compared with the methanolic extract. In addition, the ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest inhibition among chloroform and n-hexane in the ABTS assay. The results suggest that R. hirtellus can be a potential source of natural antioxidants and antidiabetic agents, and further studies are warranted to investigate the underlying mechanisms of its therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiqa Ishtiaq
- Department
of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Department
of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong
Medical University, 524000 Zhanjiang, China
- Department
of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nayab Zahid
- Department
of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Bibi
- Department
of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department
of Food Science and Technology, The University
of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Azizullah Azizullah
- Department
of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Ahmad
- Department
of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University
Islamabad, Abbottabad
Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abduh Murshed
- Department
of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital
of Guangdong Medical University, 524000 Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Department
of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mostafa A. Abdel-Maksoud
- Botany and
Microbiology Department College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. El-Tayeb
- Botany and
Microbiology Department College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jun Lu
- Department
of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong
Medical University, 524000 Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mohamed Y. Zaky
- Molecular
Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
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Ahmad B, Tian C, Tang JX, Dumbuya JS, Li W, Lu J. Anticancer activities of natural abietic acid. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1392203. [PMID: 38633616 PMCID: PMC11021724 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1392203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the main cause of death in the world. There are several therapies that are in practice for cancer cure including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery. Among the chemotherapies, natural products are considered comparable safe, easily available and cost effective. Approximately 60% of cancer approved FDA drugs are natural products including vinblastine, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel. These natural products have complex structures due to which they work against cancer through different molecular pathways, STAT3, NF-kB, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, cell cycle arrest, mitochondrial dependent pathway, extrinsic apoptosis pathway, autophagy, mitophagy and ferroptosis. AA is a natural abietane diterpenoid compound from Pinus palustris and Pimenta racemose var. grissea with different pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-convulsant, anti-obesity and anti-allergic. Recently it has been reported with its anticancer activities through different molecular mechanisms including NF-kB, PI3K/AKT, call cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase, mitochondrial dependent pathway, extrinsic apoptosis pathway, AMPK pathway and ferroptosis pathways. The literature survey reveals that there is no review on AA anticancer molecular mechanisms, therefore in current review, we summarize the anticancer molecular mechanisms of AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Ahmad
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chuan Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ji-Xin Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - John Sieh Dumbuya
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Qi YS, Xiao MY, Xie P, Xie JB, Guo M, Li FF, Piao XL. Comprehensive serum metabolomics and network analysis to reveal the mechanism of gypenosides in treating lung cancer and enhancing the pharmacological effects of cisplatin. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1070948. [PMID: 36532716 PMCID: PMC9751056 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1070948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gypenosides (GYP) exerted anticancer activity against various cancers. However, the mechanism of GYP against lung cancer (LC) in vivo remains unclear. This study aims to reveal the potential mechanism of GYP against LC and enhancing cisplatin efficacy using a comprehensive analysis of metabolomics, network analysis. Pharmacodynamic results showed that GYP inhibited tumor growth, reduced tumor volume and tumor weight, and alleviated pathological symptoms in Lewis tumor-bearing mice, and GYP could enhance the anti-LC effects of cisplatin. Using serum metabolomics methods, 53 metabolites were found to be significantly altered in the model group, and the levels of 23 biomarkers were significantly restored after GYP treatment. GYP-related metabolic pathways involved six pathways, including alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and primary bile acid biosynthesis. 57 genes associated with differential metabolites of GYP recovery and 7 genes of 11 saponins of GYP against LC were screened by network analysis, the STRING database was used to find the association between 57 genes and 7 genes, and a compound-intersection gene-metabolite related gene-metabolite-pathway network was constructed, and STAT3, MAPK14, EGFR and TYMS might be the crucial targets of GYP against LC. Western blot results showed that GYP restored the levels of STA3, MAPK14, EGFR, and TYMS in the model group, and GYP also restored the levels of STAT3 and MAPK14 in the cisplatin group, indicating that GYP might exert anti-LC effects and enhance the pharmacological effects of cisplatin through MAPK14/STAT3 signaling pathway. Our method revealed the effect and mechanism of GYP on LC and the pharmacological effects of GYP-enhanced chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin, which provided some reference for the development of anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiang-Lan Piao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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Chen H, Deng M, Xie L, Liu K, Zhang X, Li X. Preparation and characterization of quercetin nanosuspensions using gypenosides as novel stabilizers. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ahmad B, Gamallat Y, Khan MF, Din SR, Israr M, Ahmad M, Tahir N, Azam N, Rahman KU, Xin W, Zexu W, Linjie P, Su P, Liang W. Natural Polyphyllins (I, II, D, VI, VII) Reverses Cancer Through Apoptosis, Autophagy, Mitophagy, Inflammation, and Necroptosis. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:1821-1841. [PMID: 33732000 PMCID: PMC7956893 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s287354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Conventional therapies, including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, have limited success because of secondary resistance. Therefore, safe, non-resistant, less toxic, and convenient drugs are urgently required. Natural products (NPs), primarily sourced from medicinal plants, are ideal for cancer treatment because of their low toxicity and high success. NPs cure cancer by regulating different pathways, such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, ER stress, JNK, Wnt, STAT3, MAPKs, NF-kB, MEK-ERK, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, mitophagy, and necroptosis. Among the NPs, steroid saponins, including polyphyllins (I, II, D, VI, and VII), have potent pharmacological, analgesic, and anticancer activities for the induction of cytotoxicity. Recent research has demonstrated that polyphyllins (PPs) possess potent effects against different cancers through apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, and necroptosis. This review summarizes the available studies on PPs against cancer to provide a basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Ahmad
- Department of Biology, University of Haripur, KPK, I. R. Pakistan.,College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaser Gamallat
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Syed Riaz Din
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Israr
- Department of Biology, University of Haripur, KPK, I. R. Pakistan.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Malakand University, Chakdara, KPK, I. R. Pakistan
| | - Naeem Tahir
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Nasir Azam
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Khalil Ur Rahman
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Xin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Zexu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Linjie
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyu Su
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Liang
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, 116011, People's Republic of China
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Ahmad B, Rehman SU, Azizullah A, Khan MF, Din SRU, Ahmad M, Ali A, Tahir N, Azam N, Gamallat Y, Rahman KU, Ali M, Safi M, Khan I, Qamer S, Oh DH. Molecular mechanisms of anticancer activities of polyphyllin VII. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 97:914-929. [PMID: 33342040 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality in the world. The major therapies for cancer treatment are chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy. All these therapies expensive, toxic and show resistance. The plant-derived compounds are considered safe, cost-effective and target cancer through different pathways. In these pathways include oxidative stress, mitochondrial dependent and independent, STAT3, NF-kB, MAPKs, cell cycle, and autophagy pathways. One of the new plants derived compounds is Polyphyllin VII (PPVII), which target cancer through different molecular mechanisms. In literature, there is a review gap of studies on PPVII; therefore in the current review, we summarized the available studies on PPVII to provide a base for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Ahmad
- Department of Biology (Botany, Zoology, Biochemistry), The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan.,College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Department of Biology (Botany, Zoology, Biochemistry), The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Azizullah Azizullah
- Department of Biology (Botany, Zoology, Biochemistry), The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Riaz Ud Din
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Malakand University, Chakdara, Pakistan
| | - Ashraf Ali
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Tahir
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nasir Azam
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yaser Gamallat
- Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Khalil Ur Rahman
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Muhsin Ali
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mohammad Safi
- Oncology Department First affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Samina Qamer
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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Ahmad B, Gamallat Y, Su P, Husain A, Rehman AU, Zaky MY, Bakheet AMH, Tahir N, Xin Y, Liang W. Alantolactone induces apoptosis in THP-1 cells through STAT3, survivin inhibition, and intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 97:266-272. [PMID: 32780548 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second foremost cause of mortality in the world, and THP-1 cells play an important role in cancer progression. Alantolactone (ALT), a sesquiterpene lactone compound derived from Inula helenium, has a number of biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer. The current study was conducted to investigate the effects of ALT on THP-1 cells and its underlying molecular mechanisms. THP-1 cells were cultured and treated with ALT (20, 40 µM) for 12 hr, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, cell morphology, live/dead, and apoptosis assays were performed. The gene expressions at the protein level were checked through Western blot. Results show that ALT decreased cell viability and increased cell death and apoptosis. We found that ALT inhibited STAT3 and survivin expression. Furthermore, ALT induced mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis through a decrease in B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-xL and increase in Bax expression, resulting in the release of cytochrome c (Cyt-c) from mitochondria. Cyt-c release from mitochondria further increased cleaved (cl) caspase-3 and cl-PARP expression and led the cells to apoptosis. Therefore, ALT might be a good therapy for the progression due to THP-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Ahmad
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yaser Gamallat
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Childrens Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengyu Su
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Akbar Husain
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ata Ur Rehman
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mohamed Y Zaky
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | | | - Naeem Tahir
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yi Xin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wang Liang
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical, Dalian City, China
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Jalal S, Ahmad B, Zhang T, Guo L, Huang L. SANTAMARINE: Mechanistic studies on multiple diseases. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 95:427-434. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Jalal
- Department of Pathophysiology College of Basic Medical Sciences Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Department of Pathophysiology College of Basic Medical Sciences Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology College of Basic Medical Sciences Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Lianying Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology College of Basic Medical Sciences Dalian Medical University Dalian China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology College of Basic Medical Sciences Dalian Medical University Dalian China
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