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Bayraktar R, Fontana B, Calin GA, Nemeth K. miRNA Biology in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Semin Hematol 2024; 61:181-193. [PMID: 38724414 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that play a crucial regulatory role in fundamental biological processes and have been implicated in various diseases, including cancer. The first evidence of the cancer-related function of miRNAs was discovered in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in the early 2000s. Alterations in miRNA expression have since been shown to strongly influence the clinical course, prognosis, and response to treatment in patients with CLL. Therefore, the identification of specific miRNA alterations not only enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying CLL but also holds promise for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge and recent insights into miRNA dysregulation in CLL, emphasizing its pivotal roles in disease progression, including the development of the lethal Richter syndrome, and to provide an update on the latest translational research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recep Bayraktar
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Beatrice Fontana
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - George A Calin
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; The RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kinga Nemeth
- Translational Molecular Pathology Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
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Ali A, Mahla SB, Reza V, Hossein A, Bahareh K, Mohammad H, Fatemeh S, Mostafa AB, Leili R. MicroRNAs: Potential prognostic and theranostic biomarkers in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. EJHAEM 2024; 5:191-205. [PMID: 38406506 PMCID: PMC10887358 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Small noncoding ribonucleic acids called microRNAs coordinate numerous critical physiological and biological processes such as cell division, proliferation, and death. These regulatory molecules interfere with the function of many genes by binding the 3'-UTR region of target mRNAs to inhibit their translation or even degrade them. Given that a large proportion of miRNAs behave as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes, any genetic or epigenetic aberration changeing their structure and/or function could initiate tumor formation and development. An example of such cancers is chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the most prevalent adult leukemia in Western nations, which is caused by unregulated growth and buildup of defective cells in the peripheral blood and lymphoid organs. Genetic alterations at cellular and molecular levels play an important role in the occurrence and development of CLL. In this vein, it was noted that the development of this disease is noticeably affected by changes in the expression and function of miRNAs. Many studies on miRNAs have shown that these molecules are pivotal in the prognosis of different cancers, including CLL, and their epigenetic alterations (e.g., methylation) can predict disease progression and response to treatment. Furthermore, miRNAs are involved in the development of drug resistance in CLL, and targeting these molecules can be considered a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of this disease. MiRNA screening can offer important information on the etiology and development of CLL. Considering the importance of miRNAs in gene expression regulation, their application in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CLL is reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afgar Ali
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in IranKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Sattarzadeh Bardsiri Mahla
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Innovation CenterKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical SciencesKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Vahidi Reza
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in IranKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Arezoomand Hossein
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical SciencesKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Kashani Bahareh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Hosseininaveh Mohammad
- Research Center for Hydatid Disease in IranKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Sharifi Fatemeh
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious DiseasesKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Amopour Bahnamiry Mostafa
- Department of Research and Development, Production and Research ComplexPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran
| | - Rouhi Leili
- Student Research CommitteeKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
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Doghish AS, Abulsoud AI, Elshaer SS, Abdelmaksoud NM, Zaki MB, El-Mahdy HA, Ismail A, Fathi D, Elsakka EGE. miRNAs as cornerstones in chronic lymphocytic leukemia pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance- An emphasis on the interaction of signaling pathways. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 243:154363. [PMID: 36764011 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) accounts for the vast majority of cases of leukemia. Patients of advanced age are more likely to develop the condition, which has a highly varied clinical course. Consideration of illness features and preceding treatment sequence, as well as patient preferences and comorbidities, is necessary for selecting the appropriate treatment for the appropriate patient. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity to detect CLL early, monitor CLL patients, select the treatment responders, and reduce ineffective treatment, unwanted side effects, and unnecessary expenses. In both homeostasis and illness, microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) play a vital role as master regulators of gene expression and, by extension, protein expression. MiRNAs typically reduce the stability of mRNAs, including those encoding genes involved in tumorigenesis processes as cell cycle regulation, inflammation, stress response, angiogenesis, differentiation, apoptosis, and invasion. Due to their unique properties, miRNAs are rapidly being exploited as accurate biomarkers for illness detection, and medicines based on miRNA targets are finding widespread application in clinical practice. Accordingly, the current review serves as a quick primer on CLL and the biogenesis of miRNAs. In addition to providing a brief overview of the miRNAs whose function in the progression of CLL has been established by recent in vitro or in vivo research through articulating the influence of these miRNAs on a wide variety of cellular functions, including increased proliferative potential; support for angiogenesis; cell cycle aberration; evasion of apoptosis; promotion of metastasis; and reduced sensitivity to specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Shereen Saeid Elshaer
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Bakr Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufia 32897, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa Fathi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt
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Sbirkov Y, Vergov B, Mehterov N, Sarafian V. miRNAs in Lymphocytic Leukaemias-The miRror of Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094657. [PMID: 35563051 PMCID: PMC9103677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Refractory disease and relapse remain the main causes of cancer therapy failure. Refined risk stratification, treatment regimens and improved early diagnosis and detection of minimal residual disease have increased cure rates in malignancies like childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) to 90%. Nevertheless, overall survival in the context of drug resistance remains poor. The regulatory role of micro RNAs (miRNAs) in cell differentiation, homeostasis and tumorigenesis has been under extensive investigation in different cancers. There is accumulating data demonstrating the significance of miRNAs for therapy outcomes in lymphoid malignancies and some direct demonstrations of the interplay between these small molecules and drug response. Here, we summarise miRNAs' impact on chemotherapy resistance in adult and paediatric ALL and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The main focus of this review is on the modulation of particular signaling pathways like PI3K-AKT, transcription factors such as NF-κB, and apoptotic mediators, all of which are bona fide and pivotal elements orchestrating the survival of malignant lymphocytic cells. Finally, we discuss the attractive strategy of using mimics, antimiRs and other molecular approaches pointing at miRNAs as promising therapeutic targets. Such novel strategies to circumvent ALL and CLL resistance networks may potentially improve patients' responses and survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yordan Sbirkov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Bozhidar Vergov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
| | - Nikolay Mehterov
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Victoria Sarafian
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (B.V.); (N.M.)
- Division of Molecular and Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute at Medical University of Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Correspondence: (Y.S.); (V.S.)
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Kou Z, Mao M, Liu H, Wang X, Wang Z, Gu Z, Lang T, Nie Y, Wang Y, Huang Q, An L, Zhang X, Fu L, Li Y. CARD11 is a novel target of miR-181b that is upregulated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Biomark Med 2021; 15:623-635. [PMID: 34039026 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2020-0601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the targets of miR-181b in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Materials & methods: The bioinformatic softwares were used to indicate the key target genes associated with miR-181b, and the results were verified in CLL patient samples and 293T cells. Results: CARD11 is a potential target gene of miR-181b, an inverse relationship was revealed between the expression of CARD11 and miR-181b in 104 CLL patients, and it was confirmed in vitro with luciferase assays and western blotting. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that CLL patients with high CARD11 expression demonstrated poor survival. Conclusion: CARD11 is a novel target of miR-181b that is upregulated, which could be a poor prognostic indicator for CLL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Kou
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Zengsheng Wang
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Zailinuer Gu
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Tao Lang
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuling Nie
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Yichun Wang
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Li An
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Hematology, The People's Hospital of Xin jiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
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Liu H, Liu M, Zhang J, Liang Y. Downregulated miR‑130a enhances the sensitivity of acute myeloid leukemia cells to Adriamycin. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2810-2816. [PMID: 32945422 PMCID: PMC7453506 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-130a has been reported to promote cancer growth; however, its role during acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is not completely understood. In the present study, the effects of miR-130a on the sensitivity of AML cells to Adriamycin (Adr) were investigated. 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-dC) was used to stimulate Adr resistance in AML cells, and cell viability and miR-130a expression were determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, respectively. miR-130a overexpression and knockdown in Adr-resistant AML cells was performed to investigate the proliferative and invasive abilities of the cells using CCK-8 and Transwell assays, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of miR-130a on the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins in Adr-resistant AML cells were detected using western blot analysis. Pre-treatment with 5-Aza-dC enhanced the cell viability and miR-130a expression of Adr-treated AML cells. Adr and miR-130a expression showed a dose-dependent relationship, with miR-130a expression decreasing with increasing Adr concentrations. Moreover, miR-130a overexpression alleviated the inhibitory effects of Adr on cell viability and invasion, while miR-130a knockdown enhanced the sensitivity of AML cells to Adr. Furthermore, Adr exerted an inhibitory effect on EMT in AML cells, which was rescued by miR-130a overexpression and enhanced by miR-130a knockdown. miR-130a knockdown also increased the sensitivity of AML cells to Adr by decreasing cell viability, invasion and EMT. Therefore, miR-130a knockdown is a potential therapeutic strategy for Adr-resistant AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liu
- Department of Hematology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Hematology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Jiangzhao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Hematology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
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