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Wang L, Diao M, Zhang Z, Jiang M, Chen S, Zhao D, Liu Z, Zhou C. Comparison of the somatic genomic landscape between central- and peripheral-type non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2024; 187:107439. [PMID: 38113653 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lung cancer is classified into central and peripheral types based on the anatomic location. The present study aimed to explore the distinct patterns of genomic alterations between central- and peripheral-type non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) with negative driver genes and identify potential driver genes and biomarkers to improve therapy strategies for NSCLC. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed with 182 tumor/control pairs of samples from 145 Chinese NSCLC patients without EGFR, ALK, or ROS1 alterations. Significantly mutated genes (SMGs) and somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) were identified. Subsequently, tumor mutation burden (TMB), weighted genome integrity index (wGII), copy number alteration (CNA) burden, Shannon diversity index (SDI), intratumor heterogeneity (ITH), neoantigen load (NAL), and clonal variations were evaluated in central- and peripheral-type NSCLCs. Furthermore, mutational signature analysis and survival analysis were performed. RESULTS TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene in NSCLC and more frequently mutated in central-type NSCLC. Higher wGII, ITH, and SDI were found in central-type lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) than in peripheral-type LUAD. The NAL of central-type lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) with stage III/IV was significantly higher than that of peripheral-type LUSC. Mutational signature analysis revealed that SBS10b, SBS24, and ID7 were significantly different in central- and peripheral-type NSCLCs. Furthermore, central-type NSCLC was found to evolve at a higher level with fewer clones and more subclones, particularly in central-type LUSC. Survival analysis revealed that TMB, CNA burden, NAL, subclonal driver mutations, and subclonal mutations were negatively related to the overall survival (OS) and the progression-free survival (PFS) of central-type LUAD. CONCLUSIONS Central-type NSCLC tended to evolve at a higher level and might suggest a favorable response to immunotherapy. Our study also identified several potential driver genes and promising biomarkers for the prognosis and prediction of chemotherapy responses in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Meng Diao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Minlin Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shifu Chen
- HaploX Biotechnology Co., Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Deping Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong Province, PR China.
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.
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Endoscopic Technologies for Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions: From Diagnosis to Therapy. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020254. [PMID: 36836612 PMCID: PMC9959751 DOI: 10.3390/life13020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs) are frequent incidental findings in subjects when performing chest radiographs or chest computed tomography (CT) scans. When a PPL is identified, it is necessary to proceed with a risk stratification based on the patient profile and the characteristics found on chest CT. In order to proceed with a diagnostic procedure, the first-line examination is often a bronchoscopy with tissue sampling. Many guidance technologies have recently been developed to facilitate PPLs sampling. Through bronchoscopy, it is currently possible to ascertain the PPL's benign or malignant nature, delaying the therapy's second phase with radical, supportive, or palliative intent. In this review, we describe all the new tools available: from the innovation of bronchoscopic instrumentation (e.g., ultrathin bronchoscopy and robotic bronchoscopy) to the advances in navigation technology (e.g., radial-probe endobronchial ultrasound, virtual navigation, electromagnetic navigation, shape-sensing navigation, cone-beam computed tomography). In addition, we summarize all the PPLs ablation techniques currently under experimentation. Interventional pulmonology may be a discipline aiming at adopting increasingly innovative and disruptive technologies.
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Xie X, Li X, Tang W, Xie P, Tan X. Primary tumor location in lung cancer: the evaluation and administration. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 135:127-136. [PMID: 34784305 PMCID: PMC8769119 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, which is classically subgrouped into two major histological types: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (85% of patients) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) (15%). Tumor location has been reported to be associated with the prognosis of various solid tumors. Several types of cancer often occur in a specific region and are more prone to spread to predilection locations, including colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, bladder cancer, lung tumor, and so on. Besides, tumor location is also considered as a risk factor for lung neoplasm with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/emphysema. Additionally, the primary lung cancer location is associated with specific lymph node metastasis. And the recent analysis has shown that the primary location may affect metastasis pattern in metastatic NSCLC based on a large population. Numerous studies have enrolled the "location" factor in the risk model. Anatomy location and lobe-specific location are both important in prognosis. Therefore, it is important for us to clarify the characteristics about tumor location according to various definitions. However, the inconsistent definitions about tumor location among different articles are controversial. It is also a significant guidance in multimode therapy in the present time. In this review, we mainly aim to provide a new insight about tumor location, including anatomy, clinicopathology, and prognosis in patients with lung neoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqi Xie
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
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Kodama H, Kenmotsu H, Kawabata T, Notsu A, Yabe M, Nishioka N, Miyawaki E, Miyawaki T, Mamesaya N, Kobayashi H, Omori S, Wakuda K, Ono A, Naito T, Murakami H, Takahashi T. Impact of angiogenesis inhibitor eligibility on the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer harboring EGFR mutation. Cancer Med 2021; 10:7503-7513. [PMID: 34587359 PMCID: PMC8559472 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) are currently the primary treatment option for patients with EGFR‐mutant non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the effect of EGFR‐TKIs are eventually weakened due to resistance, and there is also a differential efficacy based on EGFR mutation subtypes. The combination of angiogenesis inhibitor (AI) with EGFR‐TKI has shown better efficacy than EGFR‐TKI monotherapy, regardless of the mutation subtypes. Nevertheless, the effect of AI eligibility on overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) remains to be elucidated. Thus, we assessed this impact on patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR mutation. Methods In this study, the data for 450 patients with EGFR‐mutant NSCLC, who were treated with EGFR‐TKI monotherapy, were retrospectively analyzed for AI eligibility. The patients were categorized into AI‐eligible (AI fit) and ineligible groups (AI unfit). Results The median PFS of the AI fit group was 12.9 months, compared to 9.6 months in the unfit group (p = 0.007), and OS was also significantly longer in the AI fit group (median OS = 33.0 months) compared to that in the unfit group (18.5 months, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that AI ineligibility was associated with shorter PFS and poor prognosis. Also, in the AI fit group, there was no significant difference in the PFS between EGFR L858R mutation and EGFR exon 19 deletion (median PFS = 11.5 months vs. 13.8 months; p = 0.17). Conclusions From our study, AI eligibility resulted in longer OS and PFS, and also had different effects on patients with EGFR L858R and exon 19 deletion. Since this selection bias may have affected previous clinical trial data on the efficacy of AI combination therapy, their results should be carefully considered henceforth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kodama
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Takanori Kawabata
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akifumi Notsu
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Michitoshi Yabe
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Naoya Nishioka
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Eriko Miyawaki
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Taichi Miyawaki
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Mamesaya
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Haruki Kobayashi
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shota Omori
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazushige Wakuda
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Ono
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tateaki Naito
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Haruyasu Murakami
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
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Wang J, Wang X, Zhong Z, Li X, Sun J, Li J, Huang J, Li Y, Ren G, Li H. Breast-Conserving Therapy Has Better Prognosis for Tumors in the Central and Nipple Portion of Breast Cancer Compared with Mastectomy: A SEER Data-Based Study. Front Oncol 2021; 11:642571. [PMID: 34458132 PMCID: PMC8397465 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.642571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Currently, the location of primary tumor was an independent prognostic factor of breast cancer. Tumors in the central and nipple portion (TCNP) had poor prognosis compared to other peripheral quadrants. The breast-conserving therapy (BCT) is becoming increasingly common worldwide in breast cancer operations. However, whether the availability of BCT was performed for TCNP remained a matter of debate. We sought to investigate whether BCT was suitable for TCNP with respect to survival outcomes, compared with mastectomy therapy. Methods Utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we obtained TCNP breast cancer patients diagnosed during the period of 2010–2015. One-to-one (1:1) propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to construct a matched sample consisting of pairs of BCT and mastectomy groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate the factors associated with breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS). Survival analysis was performed with the Kaplan–Meier method. Results In the overall cohort, a total of 9,900 patients were enrolled. We found that patients with BCT showed significantly better BCSS (log-rank, p < 0.001) and OS (log-rank, p < 0.001) than the mastectomy group before PSM. The same finding was also shown in 5,820 patients after PSM. Additionally, none of the subgroups, including age, sex, race, histological grade, AJCC stage, and molecular subtype undergoing mastectomy therapy, had better BCSS than BCT. Conclusions Our study was the first research to show that BCT exhibited superior prognosis in the cohort of TCNP from SEER databases than mastectomy therapy. This finding could provide a cue for treatment strategies for suitable TCNP patients, especially those with a strong willingness to conserve their breasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Foreign Languages, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiazheng Sun
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiefeng Huang
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunhai Li
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guosheng Ren
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongzhong Li
- Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Epigenetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Tsukioka T, Izumi N, Komatsu H, Inoue H, Matsuda Y, Ito R, Kimura T, Nishiyama N. Surgical Outcomes in Patients With Centrally Located Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. In Vivo 2021; 35:2815-2820. [PMID: 34410973 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Identification of prognostic factors is helpful in selecting optimal treatment for centrally-located non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to detect prognostic factors in patients with centrally-located NSCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS NSCLCs in the hilar area requiring pneumonectomy or sleeve lobectomy for complete removal are defined as centrally-located NSCLCs. We retrospectively investigated the clinical courses of 45 patients with such lesions. RESULTS Sleeve lobectomies were performed on 33 patients and pneumonectomies on 12. Three and five-year survival rates were 72% and 62%, respectively. Presence of comorbidities (p=0.013), severe symptoms (p=0.001), high white cell count (p=0.001), and pathological T3-4 stage (p=0.004) were identified as independent predictors of poor prognosis. Operative procedures did not correlate with outcomes (p=0.722). CONCLUSION Presence of comorbidities, severe symptoms, high white cell counts, and pathological T stage are independent predictors of poor prognosis. These data can contribute in selecting appropriate treatments for such lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Tsukioka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Izumi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Komatsu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Inoue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yumi Matsuda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Ito
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Kimura
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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Choi H, Kim H, Park CM, Kim YT, Goo JM. Central Tumor Location at Chest CT Is an Adverse Prognostic Factor for Disease-Free Survival of Node-Negative Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinomas. Radiology 2021; 299:438-447. [PMID: 33620290 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2021203937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background The prognostic value of primary tumor location in the central lung is unclear because of heterogeneity in definitions of central lung cancer (CLC). Purpose To (a) validate the prognostic value of two recently proposed definitions of CLC by using a method designed to offset the shortcomings of existing evidence and (b) investigate the prognostic implications of a quantitative definition of CLC at chest CT. Materials and Methods Patients with pathologic stage T1a-bN0M0 lung adenocarcinomas resected between 2009 and 2015 at a single tertiary care center were retrospectively identified. The primary end point was disease-free survival. The associations of multiple definitions of central tumor location with survival were evaluated by using multivariable Cox regression. Time-dependent discrimination measures and interreader agreement were assessed for each definition. Results A total of 436 patients (median age, 62 years [interquartile range, 55-69 years]; 245 women) were evaluated. Tumor location at CT in the inner one-third of the lung defined by concentric lines arising from the hilum was adversely associated with survival (five events among 34 patients with CLC and 27 events among 402 patients with peripheral lung cancer; adjusted hazard ratio, 2.90 [95% CI: 1.06, 7.96; P = .04]) and showed moderate interreader agreement (Cohen κ = 0.52 [95% CI: 0.37, 0.68]). Quantitatively determined location in the inner two-thirds of the lung was also an independent prognostic factor (16 events among 130 patients with CLC and 16 events among 306 patients with peripheral lung cancer; adjusted hazard ratio, 2.77 [95% CI: 1.36, 5.65]; P = .005), with higher interreader agreement (Cohen κ = 0.86 [95% CI: 0.80, 0.91]; P < .001). The quantification-based definition exhibited higher time-dependent sensitivity (48.2% [14.27/29.61; 95% CI: 28.8, 67.6] vs 15.1% [4.47/29.61; 95% CI: 1.3, 28.9]; P < .001). Conclusion Central lung cancer at chest CT, defined qualitatively or quantitatively, is an independent adverse prognostic factor in patients with node-negative, early-stage lung adenocarcinomas. The quantification-based approach has advantages in terms of time-dependent sensitivity and reproducibility. © RSNA, 2021 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Wandtke and Hobbs in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyewon Choi
- From the Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.C., H.K., C.M.P., J.M.G.); Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.C.); Department of Radiology (H.K., C.M.P., J.M.G.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (Y.T.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea (C.M.P., J.M.G.); and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (C.M.P., Y.T.K., J.M.G.)
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- From the Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.C., H.K., C.M.P., J.M.G.); Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.C.); Department of Radiology (H.K., C.M.P., J.M.G.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (Y.T.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea (C.M.P., J.M.G.); and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (C.M.P., Y.T.K., J.M.G.)
| | - Chang Min Park
- From the Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.C., H.K., C.M.P., J.M.G.); Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.C.); Department of Radiology (H.K., C.M.P., J.M.G.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (Y.T.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea (C.M.P., J.M.G.); and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (C.M.P., Y.T.K., J.M.G.)
| | - Young Tae Kim
- From the Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.C., H.K., C.M.P., J.M.G.); Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.C.); Department of Radiology (H.K., C.M.P., J.M.G.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (Y.T.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea (C.M.P., J.M.G.); and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (C.M.P., Y.T.K., J.M.G.)
| | - Jin Mo Goo
- From the Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.C., H.K., C.M.P., J.M.G.); Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.C.); Department of Radiology (H.K., C.M.P., J.M.G.) and Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (Y.T.K.), Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea (C.M.P., J.M.G.); and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (C.M.P., Y.T.K., J.M.G.)
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Li M, Xie X, Li X, Tang W, Chen J, Xie P. Prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and primary tumor location in epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 17:1618-1625. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1442_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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