LncRNA SLC16A1-AS1 is Upregulated in Glioblastoma and Promotes Cancer Cell Proliferation by Regulating miR-149 Methylation

Shedding light on function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in glioblastoma

The brain tumors and especially glioblastoma, are affecting life of many people worldwide and due to their high mortality and morbidity, their treatment is of importance and has gained attention in recent years. The abnormal expression of genes is commonly observed in GBM and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have demonstrated dysregulation in this tumor. LncRNAs have length more than 200 nucleotides and they have been located in cytoplasm and nucleus. The current review focuses on the role of lncRNAs in GBM. There two types of lncRNAs in GBM including tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressor lncRNAs and overexpression of oncogenic lncRNAs increases progression of GBM. LncRNAs can regulate proliferation, cell cycle arrest and metastasis of GBM cells. Wnt, STAT3 and EZH2 are among the molecular pathways affected by lncRNAs in GBM and for regulating metastasis of GBM cells, these RNA molecules mainly affect EMT mechanism. LncRNAs are involved in drug resistance and can induce resistance of GBM cells to temozolomide chemotherapy. Furthermore, lncRNAs stimulate radio-resistance in GBM cells. LncRNAs increase PD-1 expression to mediate immune evasion. LncRNAs can be considered as diagnostic and prognostic tools in GBM and researchers have developed signature from lncRNAs in GBM.

EP300 regulates the SLC16A1-AS1-AS1/TCF3 axis to promote lung cancer malignancies through the Wnt signaling pathway

Objective

To investigate the regulatory mechanism of EP300 in the interaction between SLC16A1-AS1 and TCF3 to activate the Wnt pathway, thereby promoting malignant progression in lung cancer.

Methods

In lung cancer cell lines, SLC16A1-AS1 was knocked down, and the impact of this knockdown on the malignant progression of lung cancer cells was assessed through clonogenic assays, Transwell assays, and apoptosis experiments. The regulatory relationship between EP300 and SLC16A1-AS1 was investigated through bioinformatic analysis and ChIP experiments. The expression of SLC16A1-AS1 and TCF3 in 56 paired lung cancer tissues was examined using RT-qPCR, and their correlation was analyzed. The interaction between TCF3 and SLC16A1-AS1 was explored through bioinformatic analysis and CoIP experiments. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway was assessed by detecting the accumulation of β-catenin in the nucleus through Western blotting. The role of EP300 in regulating the effect of SLC16A1-AS1/TCF3-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling on lung cancer malignant progression was validated through in vitro and in vivo experiments.

Results

SLC16A1-AS1 is highly expressed in lung cancer and regulates its malignant progression. EP300 mediates histone modifications on the SLC16A1-AS1 promoter, thus controlling its expression. SLC16A1-AS1 exhibits specific interactions with TCF3, and the SLC16A1-AS1/TCF3 complex activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. EP300 plays a critical role in regulating the impact of SLC16A1-AS1/TCF3-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling on lung cancer malignant progression.

Conclusion

EP300 regulates the SLC16A1-AS1/TCF3-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, influencing the malignant progression of lung cancer.

Biological roles of SLC16A1-AS1 lncRNA and its clinical impacts in tumors

Recent studies have increasingly highlighted the aberrant expression of SLC16A1-AS1 in a variety of tumor types, where it functions as either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor in the pathogenesis of different cancers. The expression levels of SLC16A1-AS1 have been found to significantly correlate with clinical features and the prognosis of cancer patients. Furthermore, SLC16A1-AS1 modulates a range of cellular functions, including proliferation, migration, and invasion, through its interactions with diverse molecules and signaling pathways. This review examines the latest evidence regarding the role of SLC16A1-AS1 in the progression of various tumors and explores its potential clinical applications as a novel prognostic and diagnostic biomarker. Our comprehensive review aims to deepen the understanding of SLC16A1-AS1's multifaceted role in oncology, underscoring its potential as a significant biomarker and therapeutic target.

Natural flavonoids alleviate glioblastoma multiforme by regulating long non-coding RNA

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults. Due to the poor prognosis of patients, the median survival time of GBM is often less than 1 year. Therefore, it is very necessary to find novel treatment options with a good prognosis for the treatment or prevention of GBM. In recent years, flavonoids are frequently used to treat cancer. It is a new attractive molecule that may achieve this promising treatment option. Flavonoids have been proved to have many biological functions, such as antioxidation, prevention of angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, and protection of nerve cells. It has also shown the ability to regulate long non-coding RNA (LncRNA). Studies have confirmed that flavonoids can regulate epigenetic modification, transcription, and change microRNA (miRNA) expression of GBM through lncRNA at the gene level. It also found that flavonoids can induce apoptosis and autophagy of GBM cells by regulating lncRNA. Moreover, it can improve the metabolic abnormalities of GBM, interfere with the tumor microenvironment and related signaling pathways, and inhibit the angiogenesis of GBM cells. Eventually, flavonoids can block the tumor initiation, growth, proliferation, differentiation, invasion, and metastasis. In this review, we highlight the role of lncRNA in GBM cancer progression and the influence of flavonoids on lncRNA regulation. And emphasize their expected role in the prevention and treatment of GBM.

MiR-526b targets lncRNA SLC16A1-AS1 to suppress cell proliferation in triple-negative breast cancer

The present study investigated the potential interaction between miR-526b and lncRNA SLC16A1-AS1 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Expression of miR-526b and SLC16A1-AS1 in TNBC tumor tissues and paired nontumor tissues from 60 TNBC patients was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The interaction between miR-526b and SLC16A1-AS1 was evaluated with overexpression experiments, followed by RT-qPCR. The proliferation and migration of cells were detected with cell counting kit-8 assay and Transwell assay, respectively. Apoptosis of cells was assessed by cell apoptosis assay. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was quantified by Western blot analysis. MiR-526b was predicted to bind with SLC16A1-AS1. Overexpression of miR-526b in TNBC cells decreased the expression levels of SLC16A1-AS1, while overexpression of SLC16A1-AS1 did not affect the expression of miR-526b. In TNBC tissues, miR-526b was downregulated in TNBC tissues, while SLC16A1-AS1 was upregulated in TNBC tissues compared to that in nontumor tissues. The expression of SLC16A1-AS1 and miR-526b were inversely correlated. In vitro experiments showed that overexpression of SLC16A1-AS1 promoted cell proliferation and invasion but suppressed cell apoptosis. MiR-526b played an opposite role and suppressed the function of SLC16A1-AS1. MiR-526b is downregulated in TNBC and it targets SLC16A1-AS1 to regulate proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of TNBC cells.

Analysis of the subcellular location of lncRNA SLC16A1-AS1 and its interaction with premature miR-5088-5p in oral squamous cell carcinoma

SLC16A1-AS1 is a newly identified lncRNA with different roles in different cancers. MiR-5088-5p is an oncogenic miRNA in breast cancer. However, their participation in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is unknown. We predicted the interaction between SLC16A1-AS1 and miR-5088-5p, and this study was carried out to explore the crosstalk between them in OSCC. A total of 56 OSCC patients donated OSCC and paired non-tumor tissues, which were used to detect the differential expression of SLC16A1-AS1 and miR-5088-5p (mature and premature). Analysis of the subcellular location of SLC16A1-AS1 in OSCC cells and its direct interaction with premature miR-5088-5p was performed with cellular fractionation assay and RNA pull-down assay, respectively. The involvement of SLC16A1-AS1 in miR-5088-5p maturation was studied with overexpression assay. BrdU assay was performed to detect cell proliferation after transfection. OSCC tissue samples exhibited decreased expression levels of SLC16A1-AS1 and premature miR-5088-5p, but increased the expression levels of mature miR-5088-5p. SLC16A1-AS1 was detected in both nucleus and cytoplasm samples of OSCC cells and its direct interaction with premature miR-5088-5p was confirmed. Overexpression of SLC16A1-AS1 in OSCC cells resulted in inhibited maturation of miR-5088-5p. SLC16A1-AS1 suppressed the enhancing effects of miR-5088-5p on cell proliferation. SLC16A1-AS1 was downregulated in OSCC and it may inhibit cell proliferation by suppressing maturation of miR-5088-5p.

lncRNA FAM230B is highly expressed in colorectal cancer and suppresses the maturation of miR-1182 to increase cell proliferation

Long non-coding RNA FAM230B and microRNA (miR-1182) have been characterized as critical players in cancer biology, while their roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) are unclear. We predicted that they could interact with each other and therefore explored the interaction between them in CRC. CRC and paired non-tumor tissue samples were collected from 60 CRC patients, and the expression of FAM230B and miR-1182 (premature and mature) in these samples was analyzed with RT-qPCR. The direct interaction between FAM230B and premature miR-1182 was analyzed with RNA-RNA pull-down assay, and the subcellular location of FAM230B was detected with subcellular fractionation assay. The interaction between FAM230B and miR-1182 was explored with overexpression assay, and their roles in regulating CRC cell proliferation, viability, and colony formation were assessed by BrdU assay, MTT assay, and colony formation assay, respectively. We found that FAM230B and premature miR-1182 were highly upregulated in CRC, while mature miR-1182 was downregulated in CRC. FAM230B was detected in both nucleus and cytoplasm, and it directly interacted with miR-1182. FAM230B overexpression increased the expression levels of premature miR-1182 but decreased the expression levels of mature miR-1182 in CRC cells. FAM230B promoted CRC cell proliferation, increased cell viability, accelerated colony formation, and suppressed the role of miR-1182 in inhibiting CRC cell proliferation. In conclusion, FAM230B is upregulated in CRC and it suppresses the maturation of miR-1182 to promote tumor growth.

A novel LUAD prognosis prediction model based on immune checkpoint-related lncRNAs

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a malignant disease with an extremely poor prognosis, and there is currently a lack of clinical methods for early diagnosis and precise treatment and management. With the deepening of tumor research, more and more attention has been paid to the role of immune checkpoints (ICP) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulation in tumor development. Therefore, this study downloaded LUAD patient data from the TCGA database, and finally screened 14 key ICP-related lncRNAs based on ICP-related genes using univariate/multivariate COX regression analysis and LASSO regression analysis to construct a risk prediction model and corresponding nomogram. After multi-dimensional testing of the model, the model showed good prognostic prediction ability. In addition, to further elucidate how ICP plays a role in LUAD, we jointly analyzed the immune microenvironmental changes in LAUD patients and performed a functional enrichment analysis. Furthermore, to enhance the clinical significance of this study, we performed a sensitivity analysis of common antitumor drugs. All the above works aim to point to new directions for the treatment of LUAD.

MicroRNA-1269 is downregulated in glioblastoma and its maturation is regulated by long non-coding RNA SLC16A1 Antisense RNA 1

MicroRNA-1269 (miR-1296) promotes esophageal cancer. However, its role in other cancers, such as glioblastoma (GBM) is unclear. We predicted that miR-1269 might interact with long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SLC16A1 Antisense RNA 1 (SLC16A1-AS1), a critical player in GBM. We then studied the interaction between SLC16A1-AS1 and miR-1269 in GBM. In this study, paired GBM and non-tumor tissues were used to analyze the expression of SLC16A1-AS1 and premature and mature miR-1269. The interaction of SLC16A1-AS1 with premature miR-1269 was analyzed with RNA pull-down assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Cellular fractionation assay was applied to determine the subcellular location of SLC16A1-AS1. Overexpression assays were applied to determine the role of SLC16A1-AS1 in miR-1269 maturation. BrdU, Transwell and cell apoptosis assays were performed to analyze the role of SLC16A1-AS1 and miR-1269 in GBM cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Interestingly, we observed the upregulation of premature miR-1269 and downregulation of mature miR-1269 in GBM. SLC16A1-AS1 was also overexpressed in GBM. The direct interaction of SLC16A1-AS1 with premature miR-1269 was observed. SLC16A1-AS1 suppressed miR-1269 maturation and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and inhibited cell apoptosis, while miR-1269 displayed the opposite trend. SLC16A1-AS1 partly reversed the effects of miR-1269 on GBM cell proliferation, movement and apoptosis. Moreover, SLC16A1-AS1 overexpression increased the level of ki-67, CDK4 and Bcl-2 in LN-229 and LN-18 cells. However, miR-1269 could partly reverse the effect of SLC16A-AS1 on protein levels. Overall, miR-1269 is downregulated in GBM and its maturation is regulated by SLC16A1-AS1.

A long noncoding RNA GTF2IRD2P1 suppresses cell proliferation in bladder cancer by inhibiting the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway

Background

There is growing evidence that long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are key in the development of a variety of human tumors. However, the role of lncRNA GTF2IRD2P1 has not been well studied in cancer. The impact of GTF2IRD2P1 on the biological function and clinical relevance in bladder cancer is largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the biological role of GTF2IRD2P1 in bladder evolution and carcinogenesis.

Methods

We used bioinformatics to obtain the lncRNA GTF2IRD2P1 from bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The expression of lncRNA GTF2IRD2P1 was detected by qRT-PCR. The CCK8 assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the lncRNA GTF2IRD2P1 function on the proliferation of bladder cancer cells. A western blot was used to calculate the protein level of cell cycle proteins and Wnt signaling pathway proteins. The effect of lncRNA GTF2IRD2P1 on tumorigenesis of bladder cancer was confirmed by a xenograft nude mouse model.

Results

GTF2IRD2P1 expression was found to be lower in both human bladder cancer tissues and cell lines (UM-UC-3, RT4, and 5637), and elevated in T24 compared to the corresponding normal controls. GTF2IRD2P1 expression was also enhanced after transfection of UM-UC-3 cells with the overexpression vector. Meanwhile, overexpression of GTF2IRD2P1 inhibited the proliferation of UM-UC-3 and prolonged the cell cycle. The silencing of GTF2IRD2P1 significantly increased the proliferation and shortened the cell cycle of T24 cells and induced Wnt signaling activity to promote the progression of bladder cancer. Similarly, the transplanted tumor nude mouse model demonstrated that silencing GTF2IRD2P1 strengthens the progression of bladder cancer by targeting the Wnt signaling pathway.

Monocarboxylate Transporters Are Involved in Extracellular Matrix Remodelling in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy with a five-year survival rate of <8%. PDAC is characterised by desmoplasia with an abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) rendering current therapies ineffective. Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) are key regulators of cellular metabolism and are upregulated in different cancers; however, their role in PDAC desmoplasia is little understood. Here, we investigated MCT and ECM gene expression in primary PDAC patient biopsies using RNA-sequencing data obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus. We generated a hypernetwork model from these data to investigate whether a causal relationship exists between MCTs and ECMs. Our analysis of stromal and epithelial tissues (n = 189) revealed nine differentially expressed MCTs, including the upregulation of SLC16A2/6/10 and the non-coding SLC16A1-AS1, and 502 ECMs, including collagens, laminins, and ECM remodelling enzymes (false discovery rate < 0.05). A causal hypernetwork analysis demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between MCTs and ECMs; four MCT and 255 ECM-related transcripts correlated with 90% of the differentially expressed ECMs (n = 376) and MCTs (n = 7), respectively. The hypernetwork model was robust, established by iterated sampling, direct path analysis, validation by an independent dataset, and random forests. This transcriptomic analysis highlights the role of MCTs in PDAC desmoplasia via associations with ECMs, opening novel treatment pathways to improve patient survival.

Silencing lncRNA SLC16A1-AS1 Induced Ferroptosis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Through miR-143-3p/SLC7A11 Signaling

Introduction: Renal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world, but the effect of therapies on advanced renal cancer has not improved for decades. Ferroptosis is an emerging type of programmed cell death and has been proved to play a vital role in many kinds of cancers. However, the mechanisms of ferroptosis regulated by long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in the context of renal cancer was still unknown. Methods: We used bioinformation analysis to identify SLC16A1-AS1 as a survival-related lncRNA in renal cancer. The expression levels of SLC16A1-AS1 and microRNA-143-3p (miR-143-3p) were detected by quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Cell counting kit-8 assay, 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine proliferation assay, and colony-formation assay were performed to evaluate cell viability and proliferation. Wound-healing assay and transwell assay were used to examine cell invasive and migration capacity. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation were used to identify the interaction among SLC16A1-AS1, miR-143-3p, and the target protein solute carrier family 7 membrane 11 (SLC7A11). Reduced glutathione and glutathione and lipid peroxidation measurements were carried out to evaluate the level of ferroptosis, and the expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins were analyzed by western blot. Results: Our study revealed that SLC16A1-AS1 has high expression and was associated with overall survival in renal cancer. Knockdown SLC16A1-AS1 inhibited cell viability, proliferation, and migration of renal cancer cells. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that SLC16A1-AS1 served as a sponge of miR-143-3p, and knockdown SLC16A1-AS1 significantly increased the enrichment of miR-143-3p. And then, SLC7A11 was identified as the target protein of miR-143-3p, and overexpression miR-143-3p remarkably inhibited the expression of SLC7A11. Moreover, knockdown SLC16A1-AS1 could aggravate this effect. Finally, through inhibiting SLC7A11 expression, silencing SLC16A1-AS1 induced ferroptosis via increasing miR-143-3p. Conclusion: The present results suggest that silencing lncRNA SLC16A1-AS1 can induce ferroptosis through miR-143-3p/SLC7A11 signaling in renal cancer. Our study provided a novel view into the pathogenesis and treatment strategy of RCC.

Establishment of non-small-cell lung cancer risk prediction model based on prognosis-associated ADME genes

PURPOSE

ADME genes are those involved in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs. In the present study, a non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) risk prediction model was established using prognosis-associated ADME genes, and the predictive performance of this model was evaluated and verified. In addition, multifaceted difference analysis was performed on groups with high and low risk scores.

METHODS

An NSCLC sample transcriptome and clinical data were obtained from public databases. The prognosis-associated ADME genes were obtained by univariate Cox and lasso regression analyses to build a risk model. Tumor samples were divided into high-risk and low-risk score groups according to the risk score. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses of the differentially expressed genes and the differences in the immune infiltration, mutation, and medication reactions in the two groups were studied in detail.

RESULTS

A risk prediction model was established with seven prognosis-associated ADME genes. Its good predictive ability was confirmed by studies of the model's effectiveness. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that the model's risk score was an independent prognostic factor for patients with NSCLC. The study also showed that the risk score closely correlated with immune infiltration, mutations, and medication reactions.

CONCLUSION

The risk prediction model established with seven ADME genes in the present study can predict the prognosis of patients with NSCLC. In addition, significant differences in immune infiltration, mutations, and therapeutic efficacy exist between the high- and low-risk score groups.

Long non-coding RNA as a potential biomarker for prognosis of glioma: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

The molecular mechanism of Glioma is still unclear, and there are few early diagnostic markers. Therefore, it is urgent to figure out effective preventive measures, active diagnostic methods and rapid treatment measures. In recent years, relevant studies have revealed that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is associated with the prognosis of Glioma. However, these results have not been supported by any evidence. Therefore, this study carried out a meta-analysis method to analyze the relationship between lncRNA and the prognosis of Glioma. In addition, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to investigate the mechanism and related pathways of lncRNAs in Glioma.

METHODS

We performed a systematic search in electronic databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical literature Database, Chinese Scientific and Journal Database, Wan Fang database, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, to investigate the potential association between lncRNA expression and prognostic significance and clinical features in glioma patients. Hazards ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled to estimate the prognosis value of lncRNA by Stata16.0 software. The online tool AnnoLnc was applied to screen the co-expressed gene related to each lncRNA, David was used for gene ontology (GO) analysis and enrichment analysis of the signal pathway, and through Starbase, the possible competitive endogenous RNA network of lncRNAs was constructed.

RESULTS

The results of this meta-analysis would be submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication.

CONCLUSION

This study will provide evidence-based medical evidence for lncRNA, so as to predict the prognosis of Glioma and bioinformatics analysis will provide ideas for the mechanism study on Glioma.

Upregulation of 15 Antisense Long Non-Coding RNAs in Osteosarcoma

The human genome encodes thousands of natural antisense long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs); they play the essential role in regulation of gene expression at multiple levels, including replication, transcription and translation. Dysregulation of antisense lncRNAs plays indispensable roles in numerous biological progress, such as tumour progression, metastasis and resistance to therapeutic agents. To date, there have been several studies analysing antisense lncRNAs expression profiles in cancer, but not enough to highlight the complexity of the disease. In this study, we investigated the expression patterns of antisense lncRNAs from osteosarcoma and healthy bone samples (24 tumour-16 bone samples) using RNA sequencing. We identified 15 antisense lncRNAs (RUSC1-AS1, TBX2-AS1, PTOV1-AS1, UBE2D3-AS1, ERCC8-AS1, ZMIZ1-AS1, RNF144A-AS1, RDH10-AS1, TRG-AS1, GSN-AS1, HMGA2-AS1, ZNF528-AS1, OTUD6B-AS1, COX10-AS1 and SLC16A1-AS1) that were upregulated in tumour samples compared to bone sample controls. Further, we performed real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to validate the expressions of the antisense lncRNAs in 8 different osteosarcoma cell lines (SaOS-2, G-292, HOS, U2-OS, 143B, SJSA-1, MG-63, and MNNG/HOS) compared to hFOB (human osteoblast cell line). These differentially expressed IncRNAs can be considered biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma.