Klotho Inhibits Proliferation in a RET Fusion Model of Papillary Thyroid Cancer by Regulating the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway

Serum klotho associated with thyroid hormone in adults: A population-based cross-sectional research

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM

The klotho protein, a multifunctional protein, has been shown to be associated with a wide range of endocrine diseases and has been linked to thyroid tumourigenesis. However, the relationship between serum klotho levels and thyroid hormones remains poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the correlation between serum klotho levels and thyroid hormones.

METHODS

Data was obtained from the NHANES cycles 2007-2008, 2009-2010, and 2011-2012. A total of 4674 participants were recruited for this study. Statistical analysis was using multiple linear regression analyses, and restricted cubic spline plots (RCS) to investigate the association between serum klotho levels and serum levels of thyroid hormones.

RESULTS

In the unadjusted covariate model, ln(klotho) significantly positively correlated with tT3, tT4, fT3, tT4/fT4, and tT3/fT3 (all P<0.01) and negatively correlated with TSH, tT4/tT3, and fT4/fT3 (all P<0.05). Furthermore, tT3, tT4, fT3and tT3/fT3 (P < 0.05) were still significant in the adjusted model. And it is worth noting that there is an approximately L-shaped nonlinear relationship between ln(klotho) and fT3,tT3 with a cut-off point of 6.697 (P-non-linear < 0.05). The stratification analysis showed gender and iodine level differences in the relationship between serum Klotho levels and thyroid hormones.

CONCLUSION

There is an L-shaped nonlinear relationship between ln(klotho) and fT3, tT3, suggesting that klotho could be involved in the physiological regulation of thyroid function.

The role of α-klotho in human cancer: molecular and clinical aspects

Klotho is a well-established longevity hormone. Its most prominent function is the regulation of phosphate homeostasis. However, klotho possesses multiple pleiotropic activities, including inhibition of major signaling pathways, reducing oxidative stress and suppressing inflammation. These activities are tightly associated with cancer, and klotho was discovered as a universal tumor suppressor. We review here novel molecular aspects of klotho activity in cancer, focusing on its structure-function relationships and clinical aspects regarding its expression, blood levels, clinical risk, and prognostic value in the clinical setting. In addition, the potential benefit of klotho treatment combined with chemotherapy, biological therapy, or immunotherapy, are discussed. Finally, as klotho was shown in preclinical models to inhibit cancer development and growth, we discuss various approaches to developing klotho-based therapies.

High Expression of THBS1 Leads to a Poor Prognosis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer and Suppresses the Anti-Tumor Immune Microenvironment

Objectives: To study the role of thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) prognosis and the immune microenvironment. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was designed, and data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and PTC tissues from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were used. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to build a THBS1-immune-related gene prognostic index (T-I index). Results: High THBS1 expression was correlated with advanced TNM stage, higher recurrence risk, and shorter progression-free interval. High THBS1 expression correlated with MAPK and PD1 pathways indicating a tumor promoting and immunity-inhibiting tendency. The T-I index showed a powerful capacity to predict progression-free survival and immunotherapy benefit. Conclusion: High expression of THBS1 leads to a poor prognosis in PTCs and suppresses the anti-tumor immune microenvironment.