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Xu M, Zhang W, Xu S, Niu X, Wang L, Wang X, Hao H. Elucidation of the mechanism of Zhenbao pills for the treatment of spinal cord injury by network pharmacology and molecular docking: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36970. [PMID: 38363936 PMCID: PMC10869052 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the mechanism of the Zhenbao pill (ZBP) in treating spinal cord injury (SCI). The TCMSP Database, HERB Database and literature search were used to screen the effective ingredients and targets of ZBP; SCI-related genes were searched in GeneCards, OMIM, PharmGkb, TTD and DrugBank databases; the potential targets of ZBP for treating SCI were predicted and Venn diagrams were drawn, and the "herb-ingredient-target" network was constructed by Cytoscape software. The PPI network was constructed by STRING software, and the core targets were screened by cytoNCA plug-in; GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis were performed on the predicted targets using the DAVID Platform, and visualized with the Microbiology Network Platform. The molecular docking between the key ingredients and the core target was carried out by AutoDockVina software. 391 active ingredients and 836 action targets were obtained from ZBP and there are 1557 SCI related genes in 5 disease databases. The top 5 active ingredients were Quercetin, Camptothecin, Kaempferol, Ethyl iso-allocholate, and Ethyl linoleate, and 5 core genes were SRC, CTNNB1, TP53, AKT1, and STAT3. GO enrichment analysis showed that the core targets were involved in 1206 biological processes, 120 cellular components and 160 molecular functions; KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the core targets involved 183 pathways, including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. Molecular docking indicated that CTNNB1, SRC, TP53, AKT1 and STAT3 showed good binding ability with the active ingredients quercetin, kaempferol and ethyl isobutyric acid. ZBP improves SCI through multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
- Periodical Press of Fujian Journal of TCM, Fujian University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaochen Niu
- Basic Medical Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Wang
- Basic Medical Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Basic Medical Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Haihu Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
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Choi YJ, Lee MJ, Byun MK, Park S, Park J, Park D, Kim SH, Kim Y, Lim SY, Yoo KH, Jung KS, Park HJ. Roles of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Exhaled Breath Condensates in Respiratory Clinical Fields. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2024; 87:65-79. [PMID: 37822233 PMCID: PMC10758305 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2023.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exhaled condensates contain inflammatory biomarkers; however, their roles in the clinical field have been under-investigated. METHODS We prospectively enrolled subjects admitted to pulmonology clinics. We collected exhaled breath condensates (EBC) and analysed the levels of six and 12 biomarkers using conventional and multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS Among the 123 subjects, healthy controls constituted the largest group (81 participants; 65.9%), followed by the preserved ratio impaired spirometry group (21 patients; 17.1%) and the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) group (21 patients; 17.1%). In COPD patients, platelet derived growth factor-AA exhibited strong positive correlations with COPD assessment test (ρ=0.5926, p=0.0423) and COPD-specific version of St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ-C) score (total, ρ=0.6725, p=0.0166; activity, ρ=0.7176, p=0.0086; and impacts, ρ=0.6151, p=0.0333). Granzyme B showed strong positive correlations with SGRQ-C score (symptoms, ρ=0.6078, p=0.0360; and impacts, ρ=0.6007, p=0.0389). Interleukin 6 exhibited a strong positive correlation with SGRQ-C score (activity, ρ=0.4671, p=0.0378). The absolute serum eosinophil and basophil counts showed positive correlations with pro-collagen I alpha 1 (ρ=0.6735, p=0.0164 and ρ=0.6295, p=0.0283, respectively). In healthy subjects, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity demonstrated significant correlation with CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3)/macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha (ρ=0.3897 and p=0.0068). FEV1 exhibited significant correlation with CCL11/eotaxin (ρ=0.4445 and p=0.0017). CONCLUSION Inflammatory biomarkers in EBC might be useful to predict quality of life concerning respiratory symptoms and serologic markers. Further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jae Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kwang Byun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimyung Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongil Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsam Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yong Lim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Ha Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Suck Jung
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Li J, Liu Y, Zeng W, Wu Y, Ao W, Yuan X, Zhou C. The Relationship Between the Expression of circFAT1 and Immune Cell in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:4943-4951. [PMID: 37928955 PMCID: PMC10625319 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s434065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the correlation between the expression of circFAT1 in serum and immune cells in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods A total of 96 patients with NSCLC admitted to our hospital from November 2019 to November 2022 were regarded as the study subjects. In the meantime, 96 volunteers who had physical examination in our hospital were regarded as the control group. The expression level of circFAT1 in serum was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. NSCLC cancer tissue (NSCLC group) and paracancerous tissue (tissue ≥ 2cm away from the focus) (paracancerous group) were collected during the operation, the expression of CD4+, CD8+ and Foxp3+ in tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry; the expression level of circFAT1 mRNA in NSCLC tissue was analyzed using the Ualcan database. Spearman correlation was applied to analyze the correlation between the expression of circFAT1 and immune cells (CD4+, Foxp3+, CD8+). Results The level of circFAT1 in NSCLC tissue was higher than that in normal tissue (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression level of circFAT1 in serum of NSCLC group was obviously higher (P < 0.05). The expression level of circFAT1 was related to lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and differentiation (P < 0.05). Compared with the paracancerous group, the positive expression rate of CD8+ in NSCLC group was obviously lower, and the positive expression rates of CD4+ and Foxp3+ were obviously higher (P < 0.05). The expression of CD4+, Foxp3+ and CD8+ in NSCLC patients' cancer tissue was related to lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and differentiation degree (P < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that circFAT1 was positively correlated with the expression of CD4+ and Foxp3+ and negatively correlated with the expression of CD8+ (P < 0.05). Conclusion CircFAT1 is highly expressed in the serum of NSCLC patients and is closely related to immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang People’s Hospital, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, 414000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yabing Liu
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang People’s Hospital, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, 414000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxuan Zeng
- Department of Cardiovascular, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, 414000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanrun Wu
- Department of Ultrasonic, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, 414000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Ao
- Department of Cardiovascular, Yueyang People’s Hospital, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, 414000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiwei Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang People’s Hospital, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, 414000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuanyi Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang People’s Hospital, Yueyang City, Hunan Province, 414000, People’s Republic of China
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Che L, Xie Z, Chen G, Zhang W, Xia T, Lin J, Luo W, Chen L, Yin W, Cai X, Liu S. The Mechanisms of Resistin-Like Molecule-β-Mediated Airway Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease via Autophagy. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:3853-3870. [PMID: 37671130 PMCID: PMC10476668 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s403517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The role of irreversible airway inflammatory damage in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) progression is evident. Autophagy is an essential process in the cellular material metabolic cycle, and a family of resistant vegetative molecules may be involved in the COPD autophagic process. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of resistin-like molecule β (RELMβ) in COPD smoking-induced autophagy. Methods Firstly, the expression differences of RELMβ and autophagy markers between COPD and control groups were analyzed in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets and clinical specimens. Secondly, in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted using immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and other methods to investigate the mechanism by which RELMβ promotes airway inflammation through autophagy in a cigarette smoke extract-induced 16HBE cell inflammation model and a cigarette smoke-induced COPD-like mouse model. In addition, immunoprecipitation was used to analyze the binding of RELMβ to the membrane protein TLR4. Results The expression of RELMβ and autophagy genes p62 and LC3B in lung tissue of COPD patients was significantly increased. RELMβ can mediate the activation of autophagy in 16HBE cells, and through autophagy, it increases the expression of inflammatory cytokines in a cigarette smoke extract-induced 16HBE cell inflammation model. RELMβ promotes cigarette smoke-induced COPD-like mouse airway inflammation through autophagy, and RELMβ can mediate signal transduction through the cell membrane receptor TLR4. Conclusion The RELMβ binds to TLR4 to encourage signal transduction and that RELMβ can promote inflammation in smoky COPD lungs through autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Che
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhefan Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Affiliated Dongguan People’s Hospital, Southern Medical University, Donguan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangshu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Xia
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Affiliated Dongguan People’s Hospital, Southern Medical University, Donguan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenguang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingdong Cai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengming Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Tiao-Bu-Fei-Shen Formula Improves Glucocorticoid Resistance of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease via Downregulating the PI3K-Akt Signaling Pathway and Promoting GR α Expression. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:4359616. [PMID: 36820399 PMCID: PMC9938767 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4359616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective To predict and determine the mechanism through which Tiao-Bu-Fei-Shen (TBFS) formula improves glucocorticoid resistance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), using network pharmacology, molecular docking technology, and in vitro studies. Methods The main active components and associated targets of TBFS were screened using the systems pharmacology database of traditional Chinese medicine database (TCMSP). The main COPD targets were retrieved from the Human Gene (GeneCards) and DrugBank databases. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the protein interaction platform STRING and Cytoscape 3.6.1. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome Pathway (KEGG) analyses were performed using the biological information annotation database Metascape. Molecular docking was performed using the AutoDock Vina software. THP-1 monocytes were treated with TBFS-containing serum and cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for 48 h, and cell proliferation in each group was determined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). A COPD cell model was constructed by stimulating THP-1 monocytes with CSE for 12 h. A lentivirus vector for RNA interference of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) gene was constructed and transfected into the THP-1 monocytes, and the transfection efficiency was verified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting (WB). The expression of HDAC2 in each group of cells was detected using qPCR, and the expression of HDAC2, phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) p85α, glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα), and P-AKT1 in each group of cells was detected through WB. Results A total of 344 TBFS active components, 249 related drug targets, 1,171 COPD target proteins, and 138 drug and disease intersection targets were obtained. Visual analysis of the PPI network map revealed that the core COPD targets of TBFS were AKT1, IL-6, TNF, TP53, and IL1-β. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis resulted in the identification of 20 signaling pathways as the main pathways involved in the action of TBFS against COPD, including the PI3K-Akt, TNF, and IL-17 signaling pathways. Molecular docking experiments revealed a strong binding capacity of kaempferol, luteolin, and quercetin to the ATK1 protein in TBFS, with quercetin performing the best. PCR results showed that treatment with TBFS significantly increased the expression levels of HDAC2 in the COPD model. WB results showed that TBFS treatment significantly increased the expression levels of GRα and HDAC2 in the COPD model, while reducing the expression levels of P-AKT1. Conclusion TBFS treatment improves glucocorticoid resistance observed in COPD through downregulation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and promotion of GRα expression.
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Shi Y, Zhu N, Qiu Y, Tan J, Wang F, Qin L, Dai A. Resistin-like molecules: a marker, mediator and therapeutic target for multiple diseases. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:18. [PMID: 36691020 PMCID: PMC9869618 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-01032-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistin-like molecules (RELMs) are highly cysteine-rich proteins, including RELMα, RELMβ, Resistin, and RELMγ. However, RELMs exhibit significant differences in structure, distribution, and function. The expression of RELMs is regulated by various signaling molecules, such as IL-4, IL-13, and their receptors. In addition, RELMs can mediate numerous signaling pathways, including HMGB1/RAGE, IL-4/IL-4Rα, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways, and so on. RELMs proteins are involved in wide range of physiological and pathological processes, including inflammatory response, cell proliferation, glucose metabolism, barrier defense, etc., and participate in the progression of numerous diseases such as lung diseases, intestinal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Meanwhile, RELMs can serve as biomarkers, risk predictors, and therapeutic targets for these diseases. An in-depth understanding of the role of RELMs may provide novel targets or strategies for the treatment and prevention of related diseases. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Shi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410021, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Qiu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Junlan Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Feiying Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Li Qin
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and its Application, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, China.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410021, Hunan, China.
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Peng Z, Li Y, Yan L, Yang S, Yang D. Correlation Analysis of Microbial Contamination and Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Raw Milk and Dairy Products. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1825. [PMID: 36767192 PMCID: PMC9915017 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microbial contamination in raw milk and dairy products can detrimentally affect product quality and human health. In this study, the aerobic plate count, aerobic Bacillus abundance, thermophilic aerobic Bacillus abundance, and alkaline phosphatase activity were determined in 435 raw milk, 451 pasteurized milk, and 617 sterilized milk samples collected from 13 Chinese provinces (or municipalities). Approximately 9.89% and 2.22% of raw milk and pasteurized milk samples exceeded the threshold values for the aerobic plate count, respectively. The proportions of aerobic Bacillus in raw milk, pasteurized milk, and sterilized milk were 54.02%, 14.41%, and 1.30%, respectively. The proportions of thermophilic aerobic Bacillus species were 7.36% in raw milk and 4.88% in pasteurized milk samples, and no bacteria were counted in sterilized milk. Approximately 36.18% of raw milk samples contained >500,000 mU/L of alkaline phosphatase activity, while 9.71% of pasteurized milk samples contained >350 mU/L. For raw milk, there was a positive correlation between the aerobic plate count, the aerobic Bacillus abundance, and the alkaline phosphatase activity, and there was a positive correlation between the aerobic Bacillus abundance, the thermophilic aerobic Bacillus count, and the alkaline phosphatase activity. For pasteurized milk, there was a positive correlation between the aerobic plate count, the aerobic Bacillus abundance, and the thermophilic aerobic Bacillus count; however, the alkaline phosphatase activity had a negative correlation with the aerobic plate count, the aerobic Bacillus abundance, and the thermophilic aerobic Bacillus abundance. These results facilitate the awareness of public health safety issues and the involvement of dairy product regulatory agencies in China.
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Li S, Huang Q, Zhou D, He B. PRKCD as a potential therapeutic target for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Ghelli F, Panizzolo M, Garzaro G, Squillacioti G, Bellisario V, Colombi N, Bergamaschi E, Guseva Canu I, Bono R. Inflammatory Biomarkers in Exhaled Breath Condensate: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179820. [PMID: 36077213 PMCID: PMC9456215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a comprehensive set of physiological processes that an organism undertakes in response to a wide variety of foreign stimuli, such as viruses, bacteria, and inorganic particles. A key role is played by cytokines, protein-based chemical mediators produced by a broad range of cells, including the immune cells recruited in the inflammation site. The aim of this systematic review is to compare baseline values of pro/anti-inflammatory biomarkers measured in Exhaled Breath Condensate (EBC) in healthy, non-smoking adults to provide a summary of the concentrations reported in the literature. We focused on: interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and C reactive protein (CRP). Eligible articles were identified in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL. Due to the wide differences in methodologies employed in the included articles concerning EBC sampling, storage, and analyses, research protocols were assessed specifically to test their adherence to the ATS/ERS Task Force guidelines on EBC. The development of reference intervals for these biomarkers can result in their introduction and use in both research and clinical settings, not only for monitoring purposes but also, in the perspective of future longitudinal studies, as predictive parameters for the onset and development of chronic diseases with inflammatory aetiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ghelli
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Panizzolo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Garzaro
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Squillacioti
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Valeria Bellisario
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Colombi
- Federated Library of Medicine “F. Rossi”, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Enrico Bergamaschi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Irina Guseva Canu
- Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1066 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Bono
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
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The Relationship between Serum CXCL8 and ET-1 Expression Levels and Sepsis Complicated with Heart Failure. Cardiol Res Pract 2022; 2022:8570486. [PMID: 36065195 PMCID: PMC9440819 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8570486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. The objective is to investigate the relationship between sepsis complicated with heart failure and the expression levels of CXC chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) and endothelin-1 (ET-1). Methods. A total of 128 sepsis patients accepted by the Ganzhou People’s Hospital from March 2019 to December 2021 were collected as observation objects, and they were separated into a simple sepsis group (86 cases) and a complicated heart failure group (42 cases) according to whether they were accompanied by heart failure or not. General data such as Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) were collected; the expression levels of serum CXCL8 and ET-1 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); the cardiac function parameters such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and cardiac index (CI) were measured by color Doppler ultrasound; the correlation between serum CXCL8 and ET-1 expression levels with clinical data and cardiac function parameters in patients with sepsis complicated with heart failure was analyzed by the Pearson correlation; and the influencing factors of sepsis complicated with heart failure were analyzed by the logistic regression analysis. Results. The serum CXCL8 and ET-1 expression levels, SOFA score, and APACHE II score in the complicated heart failure group were higher than those in the simple sepsis group (
), and LVEF, SV, CO, and CI in the complicated heart failure group were lower than those in the simple sepsis group (
). Serum CXCL8 was positively correlated with ET-1 in patients with sepsis complicated with heart failure (r = 0.531,
), and the two were positively correlated with SOFA score and APACHE II score (
) and were negatively correlated with LVEF, SV, CO, and CI (
). CXCL8 and ET-1 were independent risk factors for sepsis complicated with heart failure (
). Conclusion. The expression levels of serum CXCL8 and ET-1 in sepsis patients with heart failure are significantly increased, and both are risk factors for heart failure in sepsis patients.
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miRNA-6515-5p regulates particulate matter-induced inflammatory responses by targeting CSF3 in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 84:105428. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ke L, Chen L, Yaling Y, Can G, Jun L, Chuan Z. Investigation on the Pathological Mechanism of Frequent Exacerbators With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Based on the Characteristics of Respiratory Flora. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:816802. [PMID: 35127772 PMCID: PMC8811034 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.816802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common obstructive respiratory disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and limited airflow due to airway obstruction. The present study investigates the distribution characteristics of respiratory tract flora in both frequent and infrequent exacerbators of COPD. The 16S sequencing technique was adopted to differentiate the inherent differences of respiratory tract flora between frequent exacerbators and infrequent exacerbators. Additionally, cell counting kit 8 (CCK8), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test, flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and western blot were carried out in human bronchial epithelial cells cultured in vitro and the regulatory effects of differential flora were verified. The results revealed that the observed species index, Chao1 index, and the ACE estimator of COPD frequent exacerbators were markedly higher than those of COPD infrequent exacerbators. The top five strains of COPD frequent exacerbators included g_Streptococcus (15.565%), g_Prevotella (10.683%), g_Veillonella (6.980%), g_Haemophilus (5.601%), and g_Neisseria (4.631%). Veillonella parvula generated obvious cytotoxicity and substantially reduced the activity of human bronchial epithelial cells (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the results of flow cytometry indicated that the proportion of human bronchial epithelial cells in both the S phase and G2 phase decreased following Veillonella parvula treatment indicated that Veillonella parvula inhibited cell proliferation. Meanwhile, being treated using Veillonella parvula, the expressions of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α), and p-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) of the cells were increased markedly (p < 0.01). Taken together, the current research demonstrated that the relative abundance of Veillonella in COPD frequent exacerbators was higher than that of infrequent exacerbators. Veillonella parvula activated the inflammatory pathway, ultimately destroyed the cell viability, and greatly impaired the activity of human bronchial epithelial cells, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing the Seventh People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Li Ke
| | - Luo Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Chongqing the Seventh People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Yaling
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing the Seventh People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Gao Can
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing the Seventh People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Jun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing the Seventh People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhang Chuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing the Seventh People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
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