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Zainal Abidin A, Norrrahim MNF, Mohamed Shakrin NNS, Ibrahim B, Abdullah N, Abdul Rashid JI, Mohd Kasim NA, Ahmad Shah NA. Amidine containing compounds: Antimicrobial activity and its potential in combating antimicrobial resistance. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32010. [PMID: 39170404 PMCID: PMC11336351 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing and concerning threat to global public health, necessitating innovative strategies to combat this crisis. Amidine-containing compounds have emerged as promising agents in the battle against AMR. This review gives a summary of recent advances from the past decade in studies of antimicrobial amidine-containing compounds with the aim to feature their structural diversity and the pharmacological relevance of the moiety to antimicrobial activity and their potential use in combating antimicrobial resistance, to the greatest extent possible. Highlighting is put on chemical structure of such compounds in relation to antimicrobial activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities. Researchers commonly modify molecules containing amidine or incorporate amidine into existing antimicrobial agents to enhance their pharmacological attributes and combat antimicrobial resistance. This comprehensive review consolidates the current knowledge on amidine-containing compounds, elucidating their antimicrobial mechanisms and highlighting their promise in addressing the global AMR crisis. By offering a multidisciplinary perspective, we aim to inspire further research and innovation in this critical area of antimicrobial research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Zainal Abidin
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Baharudin Ibrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norli Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jahwarhar Izuan Abdul Rashid
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Azilah Mohd Kasim
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Aisyah Ahmad Shah
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Ismail MA, Abdel-Rhman MH, Abdelwahab GA, Hamama WS. Synthesis and spectroscopic studies of methoxy-substituted phenylthienylnicotinamidines. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1776877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Ghada A. Abdelwahab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Wafaa S. Hamama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Al-Omair MA, Sayed AR, Youssef MM. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Bisthiazoles and Polythiazoles. Molecules 2018; 23:E1133. [PMID: 29747479 PMCID: PMC6099618 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen and sulfur atoms, such as thiazole derivatives, represent a significant class of organic azoles that exhibit promising bioactivities and have a great potential in medicinal and agricultural fields. A convenient and high-yielding synthetic approach for a range of organic molecules is presented. The nuclease-like activities of compounds were studied with the aid of E. coli AB1157 DNA and agarose gel electrophoresis. The antioxidant evaluation of the compounds was carried out with different antioxidant techniques, such as ABTS and NO scavenging efficiency. The antibacterial behavior was evaluated against various bacterial strains, both Gram-positive and -negative, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of these compounds were determined. The antiproliferative activities and IC50 values of the synthesized organic molecules compounds against HEPG-2, MCF-7, and HCT-116 cell lines were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Al-Omair
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdelwahed R Sayed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-suef 62514, Egypt.
| | - Magdy M Youssef
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
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