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Li H, Zhao H, Chen L, Yang Y, Wang S, Gao R, Cheng X. Spectrum-effect relationship between HPLC fingerprints and antioxidant activity of Qi-Fu-Yin based on multiple statistical correlation analysis. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024. [PMID: 38777368 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Qi-Fu-Yin has been used to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD) in China. Oxidative stress has been recognized as a factor in AD progress. To date, there is no quality control method to ensure batch-to-batch consistency of Qi-Fu-Yin, and the potential antioxidant compounds in Qi-Fu-Yin remain uncertain. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to identify the potential antioxidant compounds of Qi-Fu-Yin and establish quality control standards for Qi-Fu-Yin. METHODS High-performance liquid chromatography was used to establish and quantify the fingerprints of Qi-Fu-Yin from various batches. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was used to identify the common peaks. Bivariate correlation analysis, partial least squares regression analysis, and gray correlation analysis were used to establish the spectrum-effect relationship. RESULTS Forty-nine common peaks were determined through the establishment of fingerprints. Among them, 35 common peaks were preliminarily characterized. The multiple statistical correlation analysis methods identified six compounds as potential antioxidant constituents of Qi-Fu-Yin, and their antioxidant activities were validated in vitro. All six antioxidant compounds derived from two herbs. Therefore, three chemical index compounds derived from other three herbs were added to the quantitative analysis, while for two herbs, no peaks could be included. Eventually, six antioxidant constituents and three index compounds were quantitatively determined to provide a relatively comprehensive quality control for Qi-Fu-Yin. CONCLUSIONS The study elucidated the antioxidant substance basis of Qi-Fu-Yin and provided a relatively comprehensive approach for the assay of Qi-Fu-Yin, which is a promising advance in the quality control of Qi-Fu-Yin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyu Li
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lingxiao Chen
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shixue Wang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Rongyu Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaorui Cheng
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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2
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Zhao L, Zhang H, Jiang P, Xu G. Isoliquiritin counteracts cadmium-induced intestinal damage in mice through enhancing intestinal barrier function and inhibiting apoptosis. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 186:114544. [PMID: 38401882 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a crucial toxic environmental pollutant, can induce damage to many organs, especially the gastrointestinal tract. Isoliquiritin (ISO), a critical flavonoid glycoside compound isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, has anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant and other pharmaceutical value. However, the potential roles of ISO in Cd-induced intestinal damage have not been reported yet. This study aimed to research the beneficial effects of ISO on Cd-induced intestinal damage and identify its underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that ISO reduced inflammation by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activity of serum Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice with Cd exposure. In terms of mechanism, ISO administration protected the intestinal barrier function through increasing the expression of tight junction proteins and Muc2. Furthermore, ISO could significantly suppress Cd-induced intestinal apoptosis and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Interestingly, inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 by nigericin completely blocking the effect of ISO on apoptosis. Most importantly, ISO markedly abrogated Cd-induced cell damage and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vitro. Taken together, these findings suggest that ISO reduces Cd-induced intestinal damage by increasing the goblet cells, improving intestinal barrier, suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and inhibiting apoptosis, which may offer a novel strategy against the toxic effects of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxian Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haina Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guangmeng Xu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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3
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Miao Z, Gu M, Raza F, Zafar H, Huang J, Yang Y, Sulaiman M, Yan J, Xu Y. Isoliquiritin Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis in Rats through Caspase 3/HMGB1/TLR4 Dependent Signaling Pathway. Curr Gene Ther 2024; 24:73-92. [PMID: 37526181 DOI: 10.2174/1566523223666230731115236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isoliquiritin belongs to flavanol glycosides and has a strong antiinflammatory activity. This study sought to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of isoliquiritin and its underlying mechanism. METHODS The inflammatory (trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid-TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis (UC)) model was established to ascertain the effect of isoliquiritin on the caspase-3/HMGB1/TLR4 pathway in rats. We also explored its protective effect on intestinal inflammation and its underlying mechanism using the LPS-induced inflammation model of Caco-2 cells. Besides, Deseq2 was used to analyze UCassociated protein levels. RESULTS Isoliquiritin treatment significantly attenuated shortened colon length (induced by TNBS), disease activity index (DAI) score, and body weight loss in rats. A decrease in the levels of inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, I IL-4, L-6, IL-10, PGE2, and TNF-α), coupled with malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), was observed in colon tissue and serum of rats after they have received isoliquiritin. Results of techniques (like western blotting, real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence-IF) demonstrated the potential of isoliquiritin to decrease expressions of key genes in the TLR4 downstream pathways, viz., MyD88, IRAK1, TRAF6, NF-κB, p38, and JNK at mRNA and protein levels as well as inhibit HMGB1 expression, which is the upstream ligand of TLR4. Bioinformational analysis showed enteritis to be associated with a high expression of HMGB1, TLR4, and caspase-3. CONCLUSION Isoliquiritin could reduce intestinal inflammation and mucosal damage of TNBS-induced colitis in rats with a certain anti-UC effect. Meanwhile, isoliquiritin treatment also inhibited the expression of HMGB1, TLR4, and MyD88 in LPS-induced Caco-2 cells. These results indicated that isoliquiritin could ameliorate UC through the caspase-3/HMGB1/TLR4-dependent signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, 215600, China
| | - Mingjia Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese medicine, Changshu, 215500, China
| | - Faisal Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hajra Zafar
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jianyi Huang
- Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Yuhang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | | | - Jing Yan
- Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases in Chinese Medicine, First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, China
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4
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Guo J, Han X, Yan X, Wang J, Chang Y, Zhang B, Guo X. Protective effect of isoliquiritigenin in amiodarone-induced damage of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1094. [PMID: 38018585 PMCID: PMC10683558 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amiodarone (AM) is a drug commonly used in patients with ventricular arrhythmias. It can damage vascular endothelial cells and easily cause phlebitis. At present, the prevention and treatment of phlebitis induced by the use of AM is not clear due to the lack of corresponding primary research. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL) has an anti-inflammatory effect, but until now, has not been explored much in the field of research in primary care nursing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of action of ISL in treating phlebitis induced by AM. METHODS In our study, we used human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) that were divided into three groups: the NC group (normal), the AM group (AM 30 μmol/L for 24 h), and the ISL pretreatment group (isoliquiritigenin 10 μmol/L after 1 h of pretreatment with amiodarone for 24 h). We used CCK-8 to detect cell proliferation, cell scratch assay to detect the migration capability of cells, flow cytometry to measure apoptosis, angiogenesis assay to check the total length and total branches of angiogenesis, and PCR and WB to detect the expression of PCNA, casepase-3, and VEGFA. WB was used to detect NF-κBp65 and p-NF-κBp65 expression. RESULTS Compared with the AM group, the ISL pretreatment promoted cell proliferation and migration, inhibited cell apoptosis, increased the total length and total branches of angiogenesis, and downregulated p-NF-κBp65 expression. CONCLUSION ISL shows promise in the prevention and treatment of clinical phlebitis and can be used as a potential therapeutic drug to prevent phlebitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin‐Li Guo
- Department of NursingSecond Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Xiang Han
- School of NursingShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Xian‐Yan Yan
- Department of NursingSecond Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Juan‐Juan Wang
- Department of NursingSecond Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | | | - Bei‐Lei Zhang
- School of NursingShanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
| | - Xiu‐Juan Guo
- Department of NursingSecond Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina
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5
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Islam MR, Akash S, Jony MH, Alam MN, Nowrin FT, Rahman MM, Rauf A, Thiruvengadam M. Exploring the potential function of trace elements in human health: a therapeutic perspective. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2141-2171. [PMID: 36637616 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04638-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A trace element, known as a minor element, is a chemical element whose concentration is very low. They are divided into essential and non-essential classes. Numerous physiological and metabolic processes in both plants and animals require essential trace elements. These essential trace elements are so directly related to the metabolic and physiologic processes of the organism that either their excess or deficiency can result in severe bodily malfunction or, in the worst situations, death. Elements can be found in nature in various forms and are essential for the body to carry out its varied functions. Trace elements are crucial for biological, chemical, and molecular cell activity. Nutritional deficits can lead to weakened immunity, increased susceptibility to oral and systemic infections, delayed physical and mental development, and lower productivity. Trace element enzymes are involved in many biological and chemical processes. These compounds act as co-factors for a number of enzymes and serve as centers for stabilizing the structures of proteins and enzymes, allowing them to mediate crucial biological processes. Some trace elements control vital biological processes by attaching to molecules on the cell membrane's receptor site or altering the structure of the membrane to prevent specific molecules from entering the cell. Some trace elements are engaged in redox reactions. Trace elements have two purposes. They are required for the regular stability of cellular structures, but when lacking, they might activate alternate routes and induce disorders. Therefore, thoroughly understanding these trace elements is essential for maintaining optimal health and preventing disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1207, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1207, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Maruf Hossain Jony
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1207, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Noor Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1207, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Feana Tasmim Nowrin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1207, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1207, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
- Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
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6
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Wang YN, Miao H, Yu XY, Guo Y, Su W, Liu F, Cao G, Zhao YY. Oxidative stress and inflammation are mediated via aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 207:89-106. [PMID: 37451370 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Membranous nephropathy (MN) patients are diagnosed by the presence of phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) before they progress to renal failure. However, the subepithelium-like immunocomplex deposit-mediated downstream molecular pathways are poorly understood. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), NF-ƙB and Nrf2 pathways play central roles in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic kidney disease. However, their mutual effects on MN require further examination. Thus, we investigated the effect of AHR signalling on the NF-ƙB and Nrf2 pathways in IMN patients, cationic bovine serum albumin (CBSA)-injected rats and zymosan activation serum (ZAS)-treated podocytes. IMN patients show significantly decreased serum total protein and albumin levels, increased urine protein levels and intrarenal IgG4 and PLA2R protein expression in glomeruli compared with controls. IMN patients exhibited increased mRNA expression of intrarenal AHR and its target genes, including CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1 and COX-2. This increase was accompanied by significantly upregulated protein expression of CD3, NF-ƙB p65 and COX-2 and significantly downregulated Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. Similarly, CBSA-induced rats showed severe proteinuria and activated intrarenal AHR signalling. This was accompanied by significantly upregulated protein expression of intrarenal p-IκBα, NF-κB p65 and its gene products, including COX-2, MCP-1, iNOS, 12-LOX, p47phox and p67phox, and significantly downregulated protein expression of Nrf2 and its gene products, including HO-1, catalase, GCLC, GCLM, MnSOD and NQO1. These results were further verified in ZAS-induced podocytes. Treatment with the AHR antagonist CH223191 and AHRsiRNA significantly preserved podocyte-specific protein expression and improved the NF-ƙB and Nrf2 pathways in ZAS-induced podocytes. In contrast, similar results were obtained in ZAS-induced podocytes treated with the NF-ƙB inhibitor BAY 11-7082 and NF-κBp65 siRNA. However, neither method had a significant effect on AHR signalling. Collectively, these results indicate that the NF-ƙB pathway is a downstream target of AHR signalling. Our findings suggest that blocking AHR signalling inhibits oxidative stress and inflammation, thereby improving proteinuria and renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ni Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Hua Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No. 2 Xihuamen, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Public Health and Sciences, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Nephrology, Baoji Central Hospital, No. 8 Jiangtan Road, Baoji, Shaanxi, 721008, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 South of Panjiayuan, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
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7
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Ma SX, Li XJ, Duan TT, Pei M, Zou L, Yu XY, Zhao YY. Moshen granule ameliorates membranous nephropathy by regulating NF-ƙB/Nrf2 pathways via aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20019. [PMID: 37809643 PMCID: PMC10559749 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Considerable achievements were realized in illuminating underlying pathological mechanisms of patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN). Although IMN patients are well diagnosed before they reach renal failure, no currently available drug intervention is effective in halting IMN progression. In this study, we assess Moshen granule (MSG) effect on IMN patients and cationic bovine serum albumin (CBSA)-induced rats. Increasing studies has indicated that activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) was related to oxidative stress and inflammation. We further determine MSG effect on AHR, nuclear factor ƙB (NF-ƙB) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the CBSA-induced rats. MSG markedly reduces proteinuria and improves kidney function in both IMN patients and rats induced by CBSA. MSG markedly inhibits increased mRNA expressions of intrarenal AHR and its four downstream target genes including CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1 and COX-2 compared with untreated CBSA-induced rats. This is accompanied by markedly downregulated protein expressions of p-IƙBα and NF-ƙB p65 and its downstream gene products including MCP-1, COX-2, 12-LOX, iNOS, p47phox and p67phox, while markedly preserves protein expressions of Nrf2 and its downstream gene products including catalase, HO-1, GCLM, GCLC, MnSOD and NQO1 in the kidney tissues. These data suggests MSG blunts podocyte damage through inhibiting activation of NF-ƙB/Nrf2 pathway via AHR signaling. This finding may provide a promising therapy for treatment of IMN through oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xing Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, Shaanxi 721008, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Li
- Department of Nephrology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510315, China
| | - Ting-Ting Duan
- Guangdong Nephrotic Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530, China
| | - Ming Pei
- Department of Nephrology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300073, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710003, China
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
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8
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Wang YL, Lin SX, Wang Y, Liang T, Jiang T, Liu P, Li XY, Lang DQ, Liu Q, Shen CY. p-Synephrine ameliorates alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus through inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation via suppressing the NF-kappa B and MAPK pathways. Food Funct 2023; 14:1971-1988. [PMID: 36723106 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03003a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in the development of diabetes mellitus. p-Synephrine, the primary pharmacologically active protoalkaloid in Citrus species, has been popularly consumed as a dietary supplement for weight loss management. However, the effects of p-synephrine on diabetes mellitus and the action mechanisms have not been clearly elucidated. In this study, the in vitro antioxidant effects of p-synephrine were evaluated. The data showed that p-synephrine treatment exhibited significant scavenging effects against DPPH, ABTS and OH radicals and showed high reducing power. Diabetic mice were developed by alloxan injection, followed by p-synephrine administration to investigate its hypoglycemic effects in vivo. The results showed that p-synephrine intervention significantly prevented alloxan-induced alteration in body weight, organ indexes, serum uric acid content and serum creatinine content. Meanwhile, p-synephrine application significantly improved the lipid profiles, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and glutathione (GSH) contents in the serum and kidneys of diabetic mice and reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the serum of diabetic mice. Further assays suggested that p-synephrine treatment improved alloxan-induced decreases of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Also, p-synephrine supplementation altered histopathological changes in the kidneys and interscapular brown adipose tissues in diabetic mice. In addition, p-synephrine administration inhibited renal inflammation through suppressing tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) gene expression levels, as well as CD45 expression levels. The anti-inflammatory effects were probably involved in the regulation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. In conclusion, p-synephrine application significantly ameliorated alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus by inhibiting oxidative stress via suppressing the NF-κB and MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Wang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China. .,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Song-Xia Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Tao Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yi Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Deng-Qin Lang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Yan Shen
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China. .,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
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9
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Wang J, Li Y, Zhang J, Luo C. Isoliquiritin modulates ferroptosis via NF-κB signaling inhibition and alleviates doxorubicin resistance in breast cancer. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2023:1-12. [PMID: 36605015 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2023.2165943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent diagnosed tumor and the major reason for tumor-related death in females around the world. Isoliquiritin, a type of plant extract, has exhibited a probable inhibitory effect in a variety of cancers. However, the anti-tumor effect on BC is still unclear. OBJECTIVE To reveal the effect and potential mechanism of Isoliquiritin on BC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cell viabilities were detected by CCK-8 assay. The levels of indicators of ferroptosis, oxidative stress, glycolysis, and inflammation were evaluated by commercial kits, flow cytometry, western blot, spectrophotometry, and ELISA assays. Mechanically, the expressions expression of the NF-κB pathway was determined by western blot. In vivo assay was also yielded on the BALB/c nude mice. RESULTS Iso induced a concentration and time-dependent decrease of viability in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. Iso treatment significantly increased the levels of Fe2+, ROS, and MDA, and decreased the GSH level, and the relative protein expressions of GPX4 and xCT. Furthermore, Iso modulated oxidative stress, glycolysis, and inflammation through ferroptosis. In addition, Iso induced a concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability and a concentration-dependent increase in apoptosis rate in both MDA-MB-231/Dox and MCF-7/Dox cells. Iso notably counteracted the LPS-induced relative protein levels of p-p50/p50, p-p65/p65, and IκB, and the levels of ferroptosis, oxidative stress, glycolysis, and inflammation. The same results were also verified in vivo. CONCLUSION Iso inhibited the NF-κB signaling to regulate ferroptosis and improved Dox-resistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiguo Wang
- Department of Oncology, Baoan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Oncology, Baoan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Baoan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Changguo Luo
- Department of Oncology, Baoan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, P. R. China
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10
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Miao H, Zhang Y, Yu X, Zou L, Zhao Y. Membranous nephropathy: Systems biology-based novel mechanism and traditional Chinese medicine therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:969930. [PMID: 36176440 PMCID: PMC9513429 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.969930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a renal-limited non-inflammatory autoimmune disease in the glomerulus, which is the second or third main cause of end-stage kidney diseases in patients with primary glomerulonephritis. Substantial achievements have increased our understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of murine and human MN. The identification of nephritogenic autoantibodies against neutral endopeptidase, phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) antigens provide more specific concept-driven intervention strategies for treatments by specific B cell-targeting monoclonal antibodies to inhibit antibody production and antibody-antigen immune complex deposition. Furthermore, additional antibody specificities for antigens have been discovered, but their pathogenic effects are uncertain. Although anti-PLA2R and anti-THSD7A antibodies as a diagnostic marker is widely used in MN patients, many questions including autoimmune response development, antigenic epitopes, and podocyte damage signalling pathways remain unresolved. This review describes the current available evidence regarding both established and novel molecular mechanisms based on systems biology approaches (gut microbiota, long non-coding RNAs, metabolite biomarkers and DNA methylation) in MN, with an emphasis on clinical findings. This review further summarizes the applications of traditional Chinese medicines such as Tripterygium wilfordii and Astragalus membranaceus for MN treatment. Lastly, this review considers how the identification of novel antibodies/antigens and unresolved questions and future challenges reveal the pathogenesis of MN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yamei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Genetics & Key Disciplines of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyong Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyong Yu, ; Liang Zou, ; Yingyong Zhao,
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyong Yu, ; Liang Zou, ; Yingyong Zhao,
| | - Yingyong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Genetics & Key Disciplines of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyong Yu, ; Liang Zou, ; Yingyong Zhao,
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11
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Pathophysiology and system biology of rat c-BSA induced immune complex glomerulonephritis and pathway comparison with human gene sequencing data. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108891. [PMID: 35691274 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Immune-complex glomerulonephritis (ICGN) is a major cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults and children. Cationic BSA (c-BSA) intravenous injection could produce significant albuminuria within a short time, and is a suitable in vivo experimental animal model to investigate the pathophysiology of ICGN and for drug screening, but lack of thorough study to clarify its dynamic pathophysiological alteration so far, as well as detailed changes in mRNA and LncRNA levels. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic alteration in renal function, lipid metabolism and histopathology during the progress of c-BSA induced ICGN. RNA sequencing was used to identified differentially expressed mRNA and LncRNA in kidney cortex of ICGN. Results demonstrated that c-BSA induced ICGN model could completely exhibit clinical features of immune-mediated nephrotic syndrome with gradual declining renal function, and increased albuminuria and deteriorated histopathological injuries. The correlation analysis suggested that complement activation was the most key element in mediating of ICGN. RNA sequencing using rat kidney tissues combined with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data of human glomerulonephritis showed the most enriched KEGG pathways in ICGN were Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, B cell receptor and Focal adhesion. The differential lncRNAs in ICGN rats were also screened, and the lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network was constructed to clarify lncRNA role in molecular mechanism of ICGN progression. Their human homogenous lncRNAs were also identified, such as ST3GAL5-AS1 and DIO3OS, which provide the potential lncRNA targets to treat ICGN. All the differential LncRNAs in ICGN kidneys caused by MMF were also identified and provided another possible pharmacological mechanism of MMF through lncRNA regulation. In summary, the current study firstly described the dynamic physiological changes of c-BSA induced ICGN, identified most key KEGG pathways, and provided lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network in ICGN.
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12
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Mokhtari T. Targeting autophagy and neuroinflammation pathways with plant-derived natural compounds as potential antidepressant agents. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3470-3489. [PMID: 35794794 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a life-threatening disease that presents several characteristics. The pathogenesis of depression still remains poorly understood. Moreover, the mechanistic interactions of natural components in treating depression to target autophagy and neuroinflammation are yet to be evaluated. This study overviewed the effects of plant-derived natural components in regulating critical pathways, particularly neuroinflammation and autophagy, associated with depression. A list of natural components, including luteolin, apigenin, hyperforin, resveratrol, salvianolic acid b, isoliquiritin, nobiletin, andrographolide, and oridonin, have been investigated. All peer-reviewed journal articles were searched by Scopus, MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using the appropriated keywords, including depression, neuroinflammation, autophagy, plant, natural components, etc. The neuroinflammation and autophagy dysfunction are critically associated with the pathophysiology of depression. Natural components with higher efficiency and lower complications can be used for targeting neuroinflammation and autophagy. These components with different doses showed the beneficial antidepressant properties in rodents. These can modulate autophagy markers, mainly AMPK, LC3II/LC3I ratio, Beclin-1. Moreover, they can regulate the NLRP3 inflammasome, resulting in the suppression of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β and IL-18). Future in vitro and in vivo studies are required to develop novel therapeutic approaches based on plant-derived active components to treat MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmineh Mokhtari
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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13
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Complement induces podocyte pyroptosis in membranous nephropathy by mediating mitochondrial dysfunction. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:281. [PMID: 35351877 PMCID: PMC8964685 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04737-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Podocyte damage mediated by in situ complement activation in the glomeruli is a key factor in the pathogenesis of membranous nephropathy (MN), but the molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Pyroptosis is a special type of programmed cell death, mediate inflammatory response and induce tissue injury. However, it is not clear whether pyroptosis is involved in the development and progression of MN. Here, we report that pyroptosis plays an important role in promoting podocyte injury in MN. We first observed the occurrence of pyroptosis in the kidneys of MN patients and validated that complement stimulation triggered pyroptosis in podocytes and that inhibiting pyroptosis reversed complement-induced podocyte damage in vitro. In addition, stimulation of complement caused mitochondrial depolarization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in podocytes, and inhibition of ROS reversed complement-induced pyroptosis in podocytes. Interestingly, inhibition of pyroptosis in turn partially alleviated these effects. Furthermore, we also found the involvement of pyroptosis in the kidneys of passive Heymann nephritis (PHN) rats, and inhibitors of pyroptosis-related molecules relieved PHN-induced kidney damage in vivo. Our findings demonstrate that pyroptosis plays a critical role in complement-induced podocyte damage in MN and mitochondrial dysfunction is an important mechanism underlying this process. It provides new insight that pyroptosis may serve as a novel therapeutic target for MN treatment in future studies.
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14
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Xu N, Li M, Wang P, Wang S, Shi H. Spectrum-Effect Relationship Between Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction: An Identification Method of Active Substances With Endothelial Cell Protective Effect. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:823341. [PMID: 35140620 PMCID: PMC8819147 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.823341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Banxia Baizhu Tianma decoction (BBTD), a six-herb Chinese medicine formula first described approximately 1732 AD, is commonly prescribed for Hypertension with Phlegm-dampness Stagnation (HPDS) as an adjuvant therapy in China. Obesity is an important risk factor for the increasing prevalence of hypertension year by year in China. In Traditional Chinese medicine, obesity is often differentiated as the syndrome of excessive phlegm-dampness.Vascular endothelial cell injury plays an important role in the development and occurrence of HPDS. In this study, the protective effects of 18 batches of BBTD samples from different origins on HUVEC cells were evaluated, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was used to establish fingerprints, and combined with pharmacodynamic indexes, the protective components of BBTD on endothelial cells were analyzed. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by ROS and Hs-CRP models, respectively. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and Bivariate correlation analysis (BCA) were used to investigate the potential correlation between chemical components and endothelial cell protection. The results indicated that BBTD could reduce ROS and hs-CRP levels in HUVEC cells, and the pharmacological activities in 18 batches of BBTD samples were significantly different. The results of BCA indicated that Gastrodin, Liquiritin, Hesperidin, Isoliquiritin, Hesperetin, and Isoliquiritigenin might be the active constituents to activate ROS and suppress hs-CRP as determined by spectrum-effect relationships. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the 6 components at different concentration were verified, and the results showed that all of them had good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in a concentration-dependent manner. This study showed that activity determination and spectral correlation can be used to search for active substances in Chinese medicine formula and provide data support for quality control of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xu
- Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shandong Research Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Mingchen Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug Development, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shandong Research Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shuling Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Pediatric Drug Development, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Haiyan Shi,
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15
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Wang X, Liu J, Tian R, Zheng B, Li C, Huang L, Lu Z, Zhang J, Mao W, Liu B, Bao K, Xu P. Sanqi Oral Solution Mitigates Proteinuria in Rat Passive Heymann Nephritis and Blocks Podocyte Apoptosis via Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:727874. [PMID: 34867334 PMCID: PMC8640486 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.727874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is the most common pathological type in adult nephrotic syndrome where podocyte apoptosis was found to mediate the development of proteinuria. Sanqi oral solution (SQ), an effective Chinese herbal preparation clinically used in treatment of IMN for decades, plays an important role in reducing proteinuria, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated yet. The current study tested the hypothesis that SQ directly lessens proteinuria in IMN by reducing podocyte apoptosis. To investigate the effects of SQ, we established the experimental passive Heymann nephritis (PHN) rat model induced by anti-Fx1A antiserum in vivo and doxorubicin hydrochloride (ADR)-injured apoptotic podocyte model in vitro. SQ intervention dramatically reduced the level of proteinuria, together with the rat anti-rabbit IgG antibodies, complement C3, and C5b-9 deposition in glomerulus of PHN rats, accompanied by an elevation of serum albumin. Protein expression of synaptopodin, marker of podocyte injury, restored after SQ administration, whereas the electron microscopic analysis indicated that fusion of foot processes, and the pachynsis of glomerular basement membrane was markedly diminished. Further studies showed that SQ treatment could significantly inhibit podocyte apoptosis in PHN rats and ADR-injured podocytes, and protein levels of Cleaved Caspase-3 or the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were significantly decreased with SQ treatment in vivo or in vitro. Moreover, we found that the nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor-2/heme oxygenase 1 (Nrf2/HO-1) pathway mediated the anti-apoptosis effective of SQ in podocyte. Thus, SQ mitigates podocyte apoptosis and proteinuria in PHN rats via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinchu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruimin Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bidan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhisheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chirality Research on Active Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Refractory Chronic Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Yan L. Folic acid-induced animal model of kidney disease. Animal Model Exp Med 2021; 4:329-342. [PMID: 34977484 PMCID: PMC8690981 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidneys are a vital organ that is vulnerable to both acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) which can be caused by numerous risk factors such as ischemia, sepsis, drug toxicity and drug overdose, exposure to heavy metals, and diabetes. In spite of the advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of AKI and CKD as well AKI transition to CKD, there is still no available therapeutics that can be used to combat kidney disease effectively, highlighting an urgent need to further study the pathological mechanisms underlying AKI, CKD, and AKI progression to CKD. In this regard, animal models of kidney disease are indispensable. This article reviews a widely used animal model of kidney disease, which is induced by folic acid (FA). While a low dose of FA is nutritionally beneficial, a high dose of FA is very toxic to the kidneys. Following a brief description of the procedure for disease induction by FA, major mechanisms of FA-induced kidney injury are then reviewed, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial abnormalities such as impaired bioenergetics and mitophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and increased expression of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). Finally, application of this FA-induced kidney disease model as a platform for testing the efficacy of a variety of therapeutic approaches is also discussed. Given that this animal model is simple to create and is reproducible, it should remain useful for both studying the pathological mechanisms of kidney disease and identifying therapeutic targets to fight kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang‐Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyUniversity of North Texas Health Science CenterFort WorthTexasUSA
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17
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Egbujor MC, Saha S, Buttari B, Profumo E, Saso L. Activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway by natural and synthetic chalcones: a therapeutic road map for oxidative stress. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021; 14:465-480. [PMID: 33691555 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1901578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway plays a key role in diverse gene expressions responsible for protection against oxidative stress and xenobiotics. Chalcones with a common chemical scaffold of 1,3-diaryl-2- propen-1-one, are abundantly present in nature with a wide variety of pharmacological properties. This review will discuss the interactions of natural and synthetic chalcones with Nrf2 signaling.Areas covered:Chalcones are reportedly found to activate Nrf2 signaling pathway, expression of Nrf2-regulated antioxidant genes, induce cytoprotective proteins and upregulate multidrug resistance-associated proteins. Chalcones being soft electrophiles are less prone to hostile off-target effects and unlikely to induce carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. Furthermore, their low toxicity, structural diversity, feasibility in structural reorganization and the presence of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group which makes them suitable drug candidates targeting Nrf2-dependent diseases.Expert opinion:Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway plays a central role in redox signaling. However, available therapeutic agents for Nrf2 activation have limited practical applications due to their associated risks, relatively low efficacy and bioavailability. The designing and fabrication of new chemical entities with chalcone scaffold-based Michael acceptor mechanism should be aimed as potential therapeutic Nrf2 activators to target oxidative stress and inflammation-mediated diseases such as atherosclerosis, Parkinson's disease and many more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melford Chuka Egbujor
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Renaissance University, Ugbawka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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18
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Uddin MJ, Kim EH, Hannan MA, Ha H. Pharmacotherapy against Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease: Promising Small Molecule Natural Products Targeting Nrf2-HO-1 Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020258. [PMID: 33562389 PMCID: PMC7915495 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) intertwined with cardiovascular disease has become a major health problem. Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of CKD. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant responsive element (ARE) antioxidant system plays a critical role in kidney protection by regulating antioxidants during OS. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), one of the targets of Nrf2-ARE, plays an important role in regulating OS and is protective in a variety of human and animal models of kidney disease. Thus, activation of Nrf2-HO-1 signaling may offer a potential approach to the design of novel therapeutic agents for kidney diseases. In this review, we have discussed the association between OS and the pathogenesis of CKD. We propose Nrf2-HO-1 signaling-mediated cell survival systems be explored as pharmacological targets for the treatment of CKD and have reviewed the literature on the beneficial effects of small molecule natural products that may provide protection against CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jamal Uddin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (M.J.U.); (E.H.K.)
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh;
| | - Ee Hyun Kim
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (M.J.U.); (E.H.K.)
| | - Md. Abdul Hannan
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Hunjoo Ha
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (M.J.U.); (E.H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3277-4075
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19
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Quality Assessment of Licorice Based on Quantitative Analysis of Multicomponents by Single Marker Combined with HPLC Fingerprint. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/8834826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Licorice is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine and natural sweetening agent, rich in numerous bioactive compounds. Moreover, it is one of the oldest and most frequently employed folk medicines in both eastern and western countries. It is prescribed for the treatment of asthma, fever, and cough. However, with the increasing demand of licorice, its quality and safety become the important issue. The content in licorice varies significantly in materials from different geographical origins. In this study, a reasonable and feasible evaluation method for the quality assessment of licorice was developed based on the analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint, combined with the quantitative analysis of multicomponents by single marker (QAMS) method. Glycyrrhizic acid was selected as the internal reference substance, and ten components were simultaneously determined based on relative correction factors. The contents of eleven components in 21 batches of licorice were determined by the QAMS and the ESM (external standard method); there was no significant difference by comparison of the quantitative results between the QAMS and the ESM method; the cosine value (Cir > 0.9999) confirmed the consistency of the two methods. According to the outcomes of 21 batches of licorice samples, the contents of the eleven components were used for further chemometric analysis. All of the samples of licorice from various geographical origins were divided into five categories based on hierarchical cluster analysis, which indicated the crucial influence of geographical origins on licorice. This study showed that QAMS combined with HPLC fingerprint and chemometrics methods could effectively control the quality of licorice. Hence, QAMS is a feasible and promising method for promoting the quality control standardization process of herbal medicines.
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20
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Li Y, Song W, Tong Y, Zhang X, Zhao J, Gao X, Yong J, Wang H. Isoliquiritin ameliorates depression by suppressing NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis via miRNA-27a/SYK/NF-κB axis. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:1. [PMID: 33402173 PMCID: PMC7786465 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-02040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis, which could be regulated by miRNA-27a, is a key player in the development of depression. Isoliquiritin is a phenolic flavonoid compound that has been demonstrated to suppress NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. However, it is still unknown whether isoliquiritin could confer antidepressant activity via decreasing NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis by stimulating miRNA-27a. Thus, in the current study, we explored the antidepressant activity of isoliquiritin and its underlying mechanism. Methods Expression of miRNA-27a in depressed patients or mice was measured using qRT-PCR. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to illustrate the link between miRNA-27a and SYK. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) depression models were established to investigate the antidepressant actions of isoliquiritin. Changes in miRNA-27a/SYK/NF-κB axis and NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis were also examined. The role of miRNA-27a in isoliquiritin-related antidepressant effect was further investigated by using miRNA-27a inhibitors and mimics of miRNA-27a. Results Our results showed the miRNA-27a expression was downregulated in the serum of depressed patients, and decreased serum and hippocampus expression of miRNA-27a were observed in rodent models of depression. SYK gene expression was significantly reduced by miRNA-27a mimic incubation. Isoliquiritin profoundly attenuated LPS or CSDS-induced depressive symptoms, as well as CSDS-induced anxiety behavior. In the hippocampus, LPS and CSDS decreased miRNA-27a mRNA expression; increased the protein levels of SYK, p-NF-κB, and NLRP3: cleaved Caspase-1, IL-1β, and GSDMD-N: and elevated the concentration of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, which were all restored by isoliquiritin administration. Meanwhile, isoliquiritin upregulated the hippocampal NeuN protein level, improved the survival and morphology of neurons, and decreased pyroptosis-related neuronal cell death. Moreover, isoliquiritin protected primary microglia against LPS and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) elicited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vitro, evidenced by declined protein levels of p-NF-κB, NLRP3; cleaved Caspase-1, IL-1β, and GSDMD-N; upregulated miRNA-27a mRNA expression; and decreased the mRNA and protein levels of SYK. Nevertheless, miRNA-27a inhibitors significantly reversed isoliquiritin-generated therapeutic efficacy in CSDS mice and in vitro. Furthermore, the cytoprotective effect of isoliquiritin was similar to that of miRNA-27a mimics in LPS and ATP-treated primary microglia. Taken together, these findings suggest that isoliquiritin possesses potent antidepressant property, which requires miRNA-27a/SYK/NF-κB axis controlled decrease of pyroptosis via NLRP3 cascade. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-020-02040-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjie Li
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Song
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Tong
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjiao Yong
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanqing Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People's Republic of China. .,Ningxia Engineering and Technology Research Center for Modernization of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernisation, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China.
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Curcumin Improves the Renal Autophagy in Rat Experimental Membranous Nephropathy via Regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathways. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7069052. [PMID: 33204708 PMCID: PMC7654212 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7069052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Membranous nephropathy (MN, also known as membranous glomerulopathy) is one of the many glomerular diseases causing nephrotic syndrome. The literature indicates that autophagy is associated with the homeostasis of podocytes in glomeruli. Curcumin, the main active component in turmeric, has drawn attention for its effective bioactivities against chronic kidney disease. The current study was aimed at assessing the effects of curcumin and exploring the underlying mechanism that mediates autophagy in an animal model of passive Heymann nephritis (PHN) in rats. Passive Heymann nephritis (PHN) was induced in male SD rats by intraperitoneal injection of anti-Fx1A serum. The rats were divided into 3 groups: control (n = 10, normal diet), model group (n = 10, 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose), and curcumin (n = 10, 300 mg/kg/d). The kidney function and oxidative stress indicators were measured using commercial diagnostic kits, and the histomorphology of renal tissues was observed. The number of podocytes was measured by immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, the autophagosomes in podocyte were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and the immunofluorescence assay pointing to p62, an autophagic marker. Western blot analyzed the levels of apoptosis, autophagy, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway-associated proteins. The total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urine volume, and urine albumin of PHN rats were significantly reduced by the administration of curcumin and attenuated renal histomorphological changes in model rats. Meanwhile, curcumin improved the oxidative stress response by decreasing MDA and increasing SOD, GSH, and CAT levels in the kidney of PHN rats. Furthermore, curcumin significantly ameliorated the podocyte loss, along with the fusion, and increased the autophagic vacuoles compared to the PHN control rats. In addition, curcumin downregulated the expression of Bax, Caspase-3, p62, PI3K, p-AKT, and p-mTOR proteins and upregulated the Bcl-2, beclin1, LC3, Nrf2, and HO-1 levels in this animal model. The results provide a scientific basis that curcumin could significantly alleviate the development of MN by inducing autophagy and alleviating renal oxidative stress through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.
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Specific NDM-1 Inhibitor of Isoliquiritin Enhances the Activity of Meropenem against NDM-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae in vitro. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17062162. [PMID: 32213926 PMCID: PMC7143545 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17062162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
NDM-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae have caused serious clinical infections, with high mortality rates. Carbapenem was the ultimate expectation for the treatment of such infections in clinical practice. However, since the discovery of plasmid-mediated New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1), the efficient therapeutic effects of carbapenems have been increasingly restricted. Here, we identified isoliquiritin, a novel specific inhibitor of the NDM-1 enzyme that restored the activity of carbapenem against NDM-1-producing E. coli isolates and K. pneumoniae isolates without affecting the growth of bacteria. A checkerboard test, growth curve assays and time-kill assays confirmed the significant synergistic effect of isoliquiritin combined with meropenem in vitro. It is worth noting that isoliquiritin only inhibited the activity of NDM-1 and had no obvious inhibitory effect on other class B metallo-β-lactamases (VIM-1) or NDM-1 mutants (NDM-5). The FIC indices of meropenem with isoliquiritin on NDM-1-positive E. coli and K. pneumoniae were all less than 0.5. Isoliquiritin had no influences on the expression of NDM-1-positive strains at concentrations below 64 µg/mL. Collectively, our results show that isoliquiritin is a potential adjuvant therapy drug that could enhance the antibacterial effect of carbapenems, such as meropenem, on NDM-1-positive Enterobacteria and lay the foundation for subsequent clinical trials.
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