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Neurosurgical Anesthesia: Optimizing Outcomes with Agent Selection. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020372. [PMID: 36830909 PMCID: PMC9953550 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Anesthesia in neurosurgery embodies a vital element in the development of neurosurgical intervention. This undisputed interest has offered surgeons and anesthesiologists an array of anesthetic selections to utilize, though with this allowance comes the equally essential requirement of implementing a maximally appropriate agent. To date, there remains a lack of consensus and official guidance on optimizing anesthetic choice based on operating priorities including hemodynamic parameters (e.g., CPP, ICP, MAP) in addition to the route of procedure and pathology. In this review, the authors detail the development of neuroanesthesia, summarize the advantages and drawbacks of various anesthetic classes and agents, while lastly cohesively organizing the current literature of randomized trials on neuroanesthesia across various procedures.
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Hafez HM, Waz S, El-Tahawy NFG, Mohamed MZ. Agomelatine ameliorates cadmium-induced toxicity through the modification of HMGB-1/TLR-4/NFκB pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 457:116313. [PMID: 36356678 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) has potential hazards on human beings. Consequently, this study was performed to explore the protective effects of agomelatine (AGO), a melatonin receptor agonist, against Cd-induced toxicity in rats. AGO (40 mg/kg/day) was administered orally concomitant with intra peritoneal injection of Cd (0.4 mg/kg/day) for 14 days. Then, blood, biochemical parameters and histological examination of affected organs including, heart and testis, were evaluated. Interestingly, AGO significantly counteracted Cd-induced elevation of serum cardiac enzymes. Similarly, AGO significantly improved the deterioration of serum testosterone level with Cd administration. The oxidative balance was corrected by AGO, as evidenced by decrease malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase activity in cardiac and testicular tissues. Additionally, AGO increased silent information regulator 1 protein (SIRT-1) and decreased High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), Toll like receptor-4 (TLR-4), and Myd88 levels that subsequently reduced expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Moreover, level of apoptotic marker; caspase-3 was inhibited by AGO. In accordance with the biochemical and molecular results, AGO restored structure of cardiac myofibers and seminiferous tubules. Collectively, AGO mitigated cardiac and testicular toxicity of Cd via modulation of SIRT-1/HMGB1 and its downstream pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Hafez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa Waz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
| | | | - Mervat Z Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt.
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Mao Z, Gao M, Zhao X, Li L, Peng J. Neuroprotective Effect of Dioscin against Parkinson’s Disease via Adjusting Dual-Specificity phosphatase 6(DUSP6)-Mediated Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103151. [PMID: 35630630 PMCID: PMC9146847 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploration of lead compounds against Parkinson’s disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disease, is of great important. Dioscin, a bioactive natural product, shows various pharmacological effects. However, the activities and mechanisms of dioscin against PD have not been well investigated. In this study, the tests on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PC12 cells and rats were carried out. The results showed that dioscin dramatically improved cell viability, decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, improved motor behavior and tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) levels and restored the levels of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in rats. Mechanism investigation showed that dioscin not only markedly increased the expression level of dual- specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) by 1.87-fold in cells and 2.56-fold in rats, and decreased phospho-extracellular regulated protein kinases (p-ERK) level by 2.12-fold in cells and 2.34-fold in rats, but also increased the levels of nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and decreased the levels of kelch-1ike ECH-associated protein l (Keap1) in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, DUSP6 siRNA transfection experiment in PC12 cells validated the protective effects of dioscin against PD via regulating DUSP6 to adjust the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Our data supported that dioscin has protection against PD in regulating oxidative stress via DUSP6 signal, which should be considered as an efficient candidate for the treatment of PD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Mao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China; (Z.M.); (M.G.); (X.Z.)
- College of Intergrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Meng Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China; (Z.M.); (M.G.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xuerong Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China; (Z.M.); (M.G.); (X.Z.)
| | - Lili Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); or (J.P.); Tel.: +86-411-8611-0411
| | - Jinyong Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China; (Z.M.); (M.G.); (X.Z.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); or (J.P.); Tel.: +86-411-8611-0411
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Yang XB, Zu HB, Zhao YF, Yao K. Agomelatine Prevents Amyloid Plaque Deposition, Tau Phosphorylation, and Neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:766410. [PMID: 35153715 PMCID: PMC8828541 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.766410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Agomelatine, an agonist of melatonergic MT1 and MT2 receptors and a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor antagonist, is widely applied in treating depression and insomnia symptoms in several neurogenerative diseases. However, the neuroprotective effect of agomelatine in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is less known. In this study, a total of 30 mice were randomly divided into three groups, namely, wild type (WT), APP/PS1, and agomelatine (50 mg/kg). After 30 days, the Morris water maze was performed to test the cognitive ability of mice. Then, all mice were sacrificed, and the hippocampus tissues were collected for ELISA, Western blot, and immunofluorescence analysis. In this study, we found that agomelatine attenuated spatial memory deficit, amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, tau phosphorylation, and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Further study demonstrated that agomelatine treatment upregulated the protein expression of DHCR24 and downregulated P-Akt, P-mTOR, p-p70s6k, Hes1, and Notch1 expression. In summary, our results identified that agomelatine could improve cognitive impairment and ameliorate AD-like pathology in APP/PS1 mice via activating DHCR24 signaling and inhibiting Akt/mTOR and Hes1/Notch1 signaling pathway. Agomelatine may become a promising drug candidate in the therapy of AD.
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Ge Y, Lin D, Cui B, Zhang L, Li S, Wang Z, Ma J. Effects of Long Noncoding RNA H19 on Isoflurane-Induced Cognitive Dysregulation by Promoting Neuroinflammation. Neuroimmunomodulation 2022; 29:117-127. [PMID: 34856557 DOI: 10.1159/000519124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Isoflurane (ISO) may cause neuronal apoptosis and synaptic disorder during development, and damage long-term learning and memory function. This observation aimed to study the function of H19 in vitro and in vivo tests and the further mechanism was identified. METHODS ISO cell models and rat models were established and reactive oxygen species (ROS) identified. The viability and apoptosis of HT22 cells were detected by the MTT and flow cytometer. Morris water maze test was conducted to analyze the neurotoxicity of ISO on spatial learning and memory ability. Quantitative PCR was the method to verify the expression of H19. The concentration of inflammatory indicators was identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS 1.5% and 2% ISO led to the neurotoxicity of HT22 cells and increased expression of H19. Silenced H19 meliorated these adverse impacts of ISO. Interference of H19 exerted neuroprotective roles by repressing modified neurological severity score, inhibiting escape latency, elevating distance and time of target area, and controlling ROS and inflammation. MiR-17-5p might be a promising competing endogenous RNA of H19. The expression of miR-17-5p was reduced in the ISO group and reversed by the absence of H19. CONCLUSION Our results of in vitro and in vivo assay indicated that the absence of HT22 is a neuroprotective regulator of cognition and inflammation by accumulating miR-17-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhu Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University-Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Duomao Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University-Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Boqun Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University-Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University-Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Shurong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University-Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoqi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University-Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University-Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
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Tian X, Yuan Y, Wang L. LncRNA colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed exacerbates the impairments in learning and memory induced by isoflurane. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221132152. [DOI: 10.1177/09603271221132152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background This observation aimed to investigate the effect of colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) targeted miR-212-5p on cognitive impairment induced by isoflurane (ISO) anesthesia in rats. Methods The cognitive function of rats was measured by Morris water maze test. QRT-PCR detection of CRNDE and miR-212-5p expression levels in rats in each group. Double luciferase was used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-212-5p and CRNDE, and commercial kits were used to detect the level of inflammatory cytokines in hippocampus. Results The concentration of CRNDE was enhanced in rats treated by ISO anesthetic. The neurological severity score was elevated, the escape latency of rats was prolonged, the stay time in the quadrant of the platform, and the number of times crossing the platform decreased in the ISO group. The above indexes of rats in ISO + si-CRNDE were improved. MiR-212-5p is a mediator in the management of CRNDE on cognition and inflammation. Conclusion CRNDE led to the deterioration of impairment on cognition induced by ISO through suppressing miR-212-5p expression and promoting neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Yawei Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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