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Feng Y, Pan M, Li R, He W, Chen Y, Xu S, Chen H, Xu H, Lin Y. Recent developments and new directions in the use of natural products for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 132:155812. [PMID: 38905845 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a significant global health challenge, and there is an urgent need to explore novel therapeutic interventions. Natural products have demonstrated highly promising effectiveness in the treatment of IBD. PURPOSE This study systematically reviews the latest research advancements in leveraging natural products for IBD treatment. METHODS This manuscript strictly adheres to the PRISMA guidelines. Relevant literature on the effects of natural products on IBD was retrieved from the PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases using the search terms "natural product," "inflammatory bowel disease," "colitis," "metagenomics", "target identification", "drug delivery systems", "polyphenols," "alkaloids," "terpenoids," and so on. The retrieved data were then systematically summarized and reviewed. RESULTS This review assessed the different effects of various natural products, such as polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, quinones, and others, in the treatment of IBD. While these natural products offer promising avenues for IBD management, they also face challenges in terms of clinical translation and drug discovery. The advent of metagenomics, single-cell sequencing, target identification techniques, drug delivery systems, and other cutting-edge technologies heralds a new era in overcoming these challenges. CONCLUSION This paper provides an overview of current research progress in utilizing natural products for the treatment of IBD, exploring how contemporary technological innovations can aid in discovering and harnessing bioactive natural products for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Feng
- Fujian-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Oriented Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Mengting Pan
- Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Ruiqiong Li
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Weishen He
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Yangyang Chen
- Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China
| | - Shaohua Xu
- Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China.
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China.
| | - Huilong Xu
- Institute of Structural Pharmacology & TCM Chemical Biology, Fujian Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China.
| | - Yao Lin
- Fujian-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Oriented Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, China.
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Liu Z, Han Z, Xue L, Wei W, Batudeligen. The mechanism of Traditional Mongolian medicine Daruqi particles on inflammation. Gene 2024; 920:148530. [PMID: 38703870 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Daruqi is a Traditional Mongolian medicine with anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and immune-regulatory effects. However, the mechanisms of its activity were unclear. In the present study, we confirmed the anti-inflammation effect of Daruqi on inflammation induced by LPS using animal models. Then, THP-1 cells treated with LPS was used as a positive control to explore the effective component of Daruqi on inflammation. We identified that Oxymatrine was the essential effector of Daruqi. Furthermore, the mechanism of Oxymatrine on inflammation was verified through proteomics analyses and validation assays. Our results demonstrated that Oxymatrine significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokine, including IL-8, IL-1α, and IL-1β, in LPS induced THP-1 cells. Based on tandem mass tag -labeled quantitative proteomics, 428 differentially expressed proteins were screened, involved in TNF signaling pathway, Ferroptosis, IL-17 signaling pathway, etc. Among these differential expressed proteins (DEPs), 23 proteins were verified with parallel reaction monitoring analysis. The results showed that LPS treatment potentiated the protein level of PLEK, ACSL5 and CYBB, which could be reversed by Oxymatrine. By contrast, the protein expression of SPRYD4 and EMR2 was suppressed after LPS treatment, which could be rescued by Oxymatrine. In summary, Oxymatrine has excellent protective effects in LPS induced THP-1 cells. The five proteins, including PLEK, ACSL5, CYBB, SPRYD4 and EMR2, might serve as the targets of Oxymatrine, and as candidates regulating inflammation in future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- Mongolian Medicine Combines Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, China
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, China
| | - Lan Xue
- Scientific Research Department, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xilingol League Mongolian Medical Hospital, China
| | - Batudeligen
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, China.
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Yang J, Zhao H, Qu S. Therapeutic potential of fucoidan in central nervous system disorders: A systematic review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134397. [PMID: 39097066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders have a complicated pathogenesis, and to date, no single mechanism can fully explain them. Most drugs used for CNS disorders primarily aim to manage symptoms and delay disease progression, and none have demonstrated any pathological reversal. Fucoidan is a safe, sulfated polysaccharide from seaweed that exhibits multiple pharmacological effects, and it is anticipated to be a novel treatment for CNS disorders. To assess the possible clinical uses of fucoidan, this review aims to provide an overview of its neuroprotective mechanism in both in vivo and in vitro CNS disease models, as well as its pharmacokinetics and safety. We included 39 articles on the pharmacology of fucoidan in CNS disorders. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that fucoidan has important roles in regulating lipid metabolism, enhancing the cholinergic system, maintaining the functional integrity of the blood-brain barrier and mitochondria, inhibiting inflammation, and attenuating oxidative stress and apoptosis, highlighting its potential for CNS disease treatment. Fucoidan has a protective effect against CNS disorders. With ongoing research on fucoidan, it is expected that a natural, highly effective, less toxic, and highly potent fucoidan-based drug or nutritional supplement targeting CNS diseases will be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004 Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - He Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004 Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Shengtao Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004 Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li S, Liu C, Liang J, Nong Y, Chen M, Sun R. Quaternity method for integrated screening, separation, extraction optimization, and bioactivity evaluation of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from Sophora flavescens Aiton. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024. [PMID: 38957046 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sophora flavescens Aiton (Fabaceae), a ubiquitous plant species in Asia, contains a wide range of pharmacologically active compounds, such as flavonoids, with potential anti-Alzheimer's disease (anti-AD) effects. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study is to develop a quaternity method for the screening, isolation, extraction optimization, and activity evaluation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-inhibiting compounds from S. flavescens to realize high-throughput screening of active substances in traditional Chinese medicine and to provide experimental data for the development of anti-AD drugs. METHODS With AChE as the target molecule, affinity ultrafiltration and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were applied to screen for potential inhibitors of the enzyme in S. flavescens. Orthogonal array experiments combined with the multi-objective Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III was used for the first time to optimize the process for extracting the active substances. Enzyme inhibition kinetics and molecular docking studies were performed to verify the potential anti-AD effects of the active compounds. RESULTS Five AChE-inhibiting compounds were identified: kushenol I, kurarinone, sophoraflavanone G, isokurarinone, and kushenol E. These were successfully separated at purities of 72.88%, 98.55%, 96.86%, 96.74%, and 95.84%, respectively, using the n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (4.0/5.0/4.0/5.0, v/v/v/v), n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (5.0/5.0/6.0/4.0, v/v/v/v), and n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (4.9/5.1/5.7/4.3, v/v/v/v) mobile phase systems. Enzyme inhibition kinetics revealed that kushenol E had the best inhibitory effect. CONCLUSION This study elucidates the mechanism of action of five active AChE inhibitors in S. flavescens and provides a theoretical basis for the screening and development of anti-AD and other therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuchi Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunming Liu
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuyu Nong
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruijun Sun
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
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Chowdhury R, Bhuia MS, Wilairatana P, Afroz M, Hasan R, Ferdous J, Rakib AI, Sheikh S, Mubarak MS, Islam MT. An insight into the anticancer potentials of lignan arctiin: A comprehensive review of molecular mechanisms. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32899. [PMID: 38988539 PMCID: PMC11234030 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products are being developed as possible treatment options due to the rising prevalence of cancer and the harmful side effects of synthetic medications. Arctiin is a naturally occurring lignan found in numerous plants and exhibits different pharmacological activities, along with cancer. To elucidate the anticancer properties and underlying mechanisms of action, a comprehensive search of various electronic databases was conducted using appropriate keywords to identify relevant publications. The findings suggest that arctiin exhibits anticancer properties against tumor formation and various cancers such as cervical, myeloma, prostate, endothelial, gastric, and colon cancers in several preclinical pharmacological investigations. This naturally occurring compound exerts its anticancer effect through different cellular mechanisms, including mitochondrial dysfunction, cell cycle at different phases (G2/M), inhibition of cell proliferation, apoptotic cell death, and cytotoxic effects, as well as inhibition of migration and invasion of various malignant cells. Moreover, the study also revealed that, among the various cellular pathways, arctiin was shown to be more potent in terms of the PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. However, pharmacokinetic investigation indicated the compound's poor oral bioavailability. Because of these findings, arctiin might be considered a promising chemotherapeutic drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Meher Afroz
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rubel Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatul Ferdous
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Asraful Islam Rakib
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Salehin Sheikh
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
- Phytochemistry and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, BioLuster Research Center, Gopalganj 8100, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Pharmacy Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
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Hashim NT, Babiker R, Rahman MM, Mohamed R, Priya SP, Chaitanya NCSK, Islam MS, Gobara B. Natural Bioactive Compounds in the Management of Periodontal Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2024; 29:3044. [PMID: 38998994 PMCID: PMC11242977 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions affecting oral health, are primarily driven by microbial plaque biofilm and the body's inflammatory response, leading to tissue damage and potential tooth loss. These diseases have significant physical, psychological, social, and economic impacts, necessitating effective management strategies that include early diagnosis, comprehensive treatment, and innovative therapeutic approaches. Recent advancements in biomanufacturing have facilitated the development of natural bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, and peptides, which exhibit antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and tissue regenerative properties. This review explores the biomanufacturing processes-microbial fermentation, plant cell cultures, and enzymatic synthesis-and their roles in producing these bioactive compounds for managing periodontal diseases. The integration of these natural compounds into periodontal therapy offers promising alternatives to traditional treatments, potentially overcoming issues like antibiotic resistance and the disruption of the natural microbiota, thereby improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Tawfig Hashim
- RAK-College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 12973, United Arab Emirates; (M.M.R.); (R.M.); (S.P.P.); (N.C.C.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Rasha Babiker
- RAK-College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 11172, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Muhammed Mustahsen Rahman
- RAK-College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 12973, United Arab Emirates; (M.M.R.); (R.M.); (S.P.P.); (N.C.C.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Riham Mohamed
- RAK-College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 12973, United Arab Emirates; (M.M.R.); (R.M.); (S.P.P.); (N.C.C.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Sivan Padma Priya
- RAK-College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 12973, United Arab Emirates; (M.M.R.); (R.M.); (S.P.P.); (N.C.C.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Nallan CSK Chaitanya
- RAK-College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 12973, United Arab Emirates; (M.M.R.); (R.M.); (S.P.P.); (N.C.C.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Md Sofiqul Islam
- RAK-College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 12973, United Arab Emirates; (M.M.R.); (R.M.); (S.P.P.); (N.C.C.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Bakri Gobara
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11115, Sudan;
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Meng J, Ding J, Wang W, Gu B, Zhou F, Wu D, Fu X, Liu J. Reversal of gentamicin sulfate resistance in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli by matrine combined with berberine hydrochloride. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:292. [PMID: 38849633 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the evolution of antibiotic resistance has led to the inefficacy of several antibiotics, and the reverse of resistance was a novel method to solve this problem. We previously demonstrated that matrine (Mat) and berberine hydrochloride (Ber) had a synergistic effect against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli (MDREC). This study aimed to demonstrate the effect of Mat combined with Ber in reversing the resistance of MDREC. The MDREC was sequenced passaged in the presence of Mat, Ber, and a combination of Mat and Ber, which did not affect its growth. The reverse rate was up to 39.67% after MDREC exposed to Mat + Ber for 15 days. The strain that reversed resistance was named drug resistance reversed E. coli (DRREC) and its resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, and tetracycline was reversed. The MIC of Gentamicin Sulfate (GS) against DRREC decreased 128-fold to 0.63 µg/mL, and it was stable within 20 generations. Furthermore, the susceptible phenotype of DRREC remained stable within 20 generations, as well. The LD50 of DRREC for chickens was 8.69 × 109 CFU/mL. qRT-PCR assays revealed that the transcript levels of antibiotic-resistant genes and virulence genes in the DRREC strain were significantly lower than that in the MDREC strain (P < 0.05). In addition, GS decreased the death, decreased the bacterial loading in organs, alleviated the injury of the spleen and liver, and decreased the cytokine levels in the chickens infected by the DRREC strain. In contrast, the therapeutic effect of GS in chickens infected with MDREC was not as evident. These findings suggest that the combination of Mat and Ber has potential for reversing resistance to MDREC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwu Meng
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P R China
| | - Jinxue Ding
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P R China
| | - Weiran Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P R China
| | - Bolin Gu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P R China
| | - Fanting Zhou
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P R China
| | - Desheng Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P R China
| | - Xiang Fu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P R China
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety and Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P R China.
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Medeiros M, Guenka S, Bastos D, Oliveira KL, Brassesco MS. Amicis Omnia Sunt Communia: NF-κB Inhibition as an Alternative to Overcome Osteosarcoma Heterogeneity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:734. [PMID: 38931401 PMCID: PMC11206879 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity poses a significant challenge in osteosarcoma (OS) treatment. In this regard, the "omics" era has constantly expanded our understanding of biomarkers and altered signaling pathways (i.e., PI3K/AKT/mTOR, WNT/β-catenin, NOTCH, SHH/GLI, among others) involved in OS pathophysiology. Despite different players and complexities, many commonalities have been described, among which the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) stands out. Its altered activation is pervasive in cancer, with pleiotropic action on many disease-relevant traits. Thus, in the scope of this article, we highlight the evidence of NF-κB dysregulation in OS and its integration with other cancer-related pathways while we summarize the repertoire of compounds that have been described to interfere with its action. In silico strategies were used to demonstrate that NF-κB is closely coordinated with other commonly dysregulated signaling pathways not only by functionally interacting with several of their members but also by actively participating in the regulation of their transcription. While existing inhibitors lack selectivity or act indirectly, the therapeutic potential of targeting NF-κB is indisputable, first for its multifunctionality on most cancer hallmarks, and secondly, because, as a common downstream effector of the many dysregulated pathways influencing OS aggressiveness, it turns complex regulatory networks into a simpler picture underneath molecular heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Medeiros
- Cell Biology Department, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Sophia Guenka
- Biology Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (S.G.); (D.B.)
| | - David Bastos
- Biology Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (S.G.); (D.B.)
| | - Karla Laissa Oliveira
- Regional Blood Center, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14051-140, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Biology Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900-Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, São Paulo, Brazil; (S.G.); (D.B.)
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9
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Su QY, Li HC, Jiang XJ, Jiang ZQ, Zhang Y, Zhang HY, Zhang SX. Exploring the therapeutic potential of regulatory T cell in rheumatoid arthritis: Insights into subsets, markers, and signaling pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116440. [PMID: 38518605 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic disease characterized by an imbalance between immunological reactivity and immune tolerance. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which play a crucial role in controlling ongoing autoimmunity and maintaining peripheral tolerance, have shown great potential for the treatment of autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases such as RA. This review aims to provide an updated summary of the latest insights into Treg-targeting techniques in RA. We focus on current therapeutic strategies for targeting Tregs based on discussing their subsets, surface markers, suppressive function, and signaling pathways in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Yi Su
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Rheumatology, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Huan-Cheng Li
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Jiang
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Zhong-Qing Jiang
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - He-Yi Zhang
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Sheng-Xiao Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Department of Rheumatology, Taiyuan, China; Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China.
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Wei S, Xiao J, Ju F, Liu J, Hu Z. A review on the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of sophocarpine. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1353234. [PMID: 38746009 PMCID: PMC11092382 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1353234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Sophocarpine is a natural compound that belongs to the quinolizidine alkaloid family, and has a long history of use and widespread distribution in traditional Chinese herbal medicines such as Sophora alopecuroides L., Sophora flavescens Ait., and Sophora subprostrata. This article aims to summarize the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of sophocarpine, evaluate its potential pharmacological effects in various diseases, and propose the necessity for further research and evaluation to promote its clinical application. A large number of studies have shown that it has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiviral, antiparasitic, anticancer, endocrine regulatory, and organ-protective effects as it modulates various signaling pathways, such as the NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and AMPK pathways. The distribution of sophocarpine in the body conforms to a two-compartment model, and sophocarpine can be detected in various tissues with a relatively short half-life. Although the pharmacological effects of sophocarpine have been confirmed, toxicity and safety assessments and reports on molecular mechanisms of its pharmacological actions have been limited. Given its significant pharmacological effects and potential clinical value, further research and evaluation are needed to promote the clinical application of sophocarpine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junshen Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Ju
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Hu
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Gu C, Liu Y, Lv J, Zhang C, Huang Z, Jiang Q, Gao Y, Tao T, Su Y, Chen B, Jia R, Liu X, Su W. Kurarinone regulates Th17/Treg balance and ameliorates autoimmune uveitis via Rac1 inhibition. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00113-9. [PMID: 38522752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autoimmune uveitis (AU) is a severe intraocular autoimmune disorder with a chronic disease course and a high rate of blindness. Kurarinone (KU), a major component of the traditional Chinese medicine Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, possesses a wide spectrum of activities and has been used to treat several inflammation-related diseases. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the effects of KU on AU and its modulatory mechanisms. METHODS We used an experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) animal model and characterized the comprehensive immune landscape of KU-treated EAU mice using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). The retina and lymph nodes were analyzed. The siRNAs and selective inhibitors were used to study the signaling pathway. The effect of KU on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from uveitis patients was also examined. RESULTS We found that KU relieved chorioretinal lesions and immune cell infiltration in EAU model mice. Subsequent single-cell analysis revealed that KU downregulated the EAU-upregulated expression of inflammatory and autoimmune-related genes and suppressed pathways associated with immune cell differentiation, activation, and migration in a cell-specific manner. KU was implicated in restoring T helper 17 (Th17)/regulatory T (Treg) cell balance by alleviating inflammatory injury and elevating the expression of modulatory mediators in Tregs, while simultaneously ameliorating excessive inflammation by Th17 cells. Furthermore, Rac1 and the Id2/Pim1 axis potentiated the pathogenicity of Th17 cells during EAU, which was inhibited by KU treatment, contributing to the amelioration of EAU-induced inflammation and treatment of AU. In addition, KU suppressed inflammatory cytokine production in activated human PBMCs by inhibiting Rac1. Integration of the glucocorticoid-treated transcriptome suggests that KU has immunomodulatory effects on lymphocytes. CONCLUSION Our study constructed a high-resolution atlas of the immunoregulatory effects of KU treatment on EAU and identified its potential therapeutic mechanisms, which hold great promise in treating autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yidan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jianjie Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhaohao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Qi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuehan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Tianyu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuhan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Binyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiuxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China.
| | - Wenru Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou 510060, China.
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Zou Q, Chen Y, Qin H, Tang R, Han T, Guo Z, Zhao J, Xu D. The role and mechanism of TCM in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1286364. [PMID: 38033575 PMCID: PMC10682724 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1286364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The constant presence of infectious diseases poses an everlasting threat to the entire world. In recent years, there has been an increased attention toward the application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of emerging infectious diseases, as it has played a significant role. The aim of this article is to provide a concise overview of the roles and mechanisms of TCM in treating infectious diseases. TCM possesses the ability to modulate relevant factors, impede signaling pathways, and inhibit microbial growth, thereby exhibiting potent antiviral, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects that demonstrate remarkable efficacy against viral and bacterial infections. This article concludes that the comprehensive regulatory features of Chinese herbal medicines, with their various components, targets, and pathways, result in synergistic effects. The significance of Chinese herbal medicines in the context of infectious diseases should not be underestimated; however, it is crucial to also acknowledge their underutilization. This paper presents constructive suggestions regarding the challenges and opportunities faced by Chinese medicines. Particularly, it emphasizes the effectiveness and characteristics of Chinese medicines in the treatment of infectious diseases, specifying how these medicines' active substances can be utilized to target infectious diseases. This perspective is advantageous in facilitating researchers' pharmacological studies on Chinese medicines, focusing on the specific points of action. The mechanism of action of Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of infectious diseases is comprehensively elucidated in this paper, providing compelling evidence for the superior treatment of infectious diseases through Chinese medicine. This information is favorable for advancing the development of TCM and its potential applications in the field of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifei Zou
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yitong Chen
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Huanxin Qin
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Taojian Han
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ziyi Guo
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Delin Xu
- Department of Medical Instrumental Analysis, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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Lian J, Lin D, Huang Y, Chen X, Chen L, Zhang F, Tang P, Xie J, Hou X, Du Z, Deng J, Hao E, Liu J. Exploring the potential use of Chinese herbs in regulating the inflammatory microenvironment of tumours based on the concept of 'state-target identification and treatment': a scooping review. Chin Med 2023; 18:124. [PMID: 37742025 PMCID: PMC10517536 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00834-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumours do not exist in isolation from the organism; their growth, proliferation, motility, and immunosuppressive response are intricately connected to the tumour's microenvironment. As tumour cells and the microenvironment coevolve, an inflammatory microenvironment ensues, propelling the phenomenon of inflammation-cancer transformation-an idea proposed by modern medicine. This review aims to encapsulate the array of representative factors within the tumour's inflammatory microenvironment, such as interleukins (IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-1β), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Moreover, drawing upon research in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and pharmacology, we explore the delicate interplay between these factors and tumour-associated inflammatory cells: tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumour-associated neutrophils (TANs) and dendritic cells (DCs). By analyzing the tumour-promoting effects of these entities, we delve into the connotations of Academician Tong Xiao-lin's novel model of "state-target differentiation" and its application in the diagnosis and treatment of tumours. Our aim is to enhance the precision and targeting of tumour treatment in clinical practice. Delving deeper into our understanding of tumour pathogenesis through the lens of modern medicine, we discern the key etiology and pathogenesis throughout the entire developmental stage of tumours, unveiling the evolutionary patterns of Chinese Medicine (CM) states: heat state → phlegm state → stagnation state → deficiency state. Building upon this foundation, we devised a state-regulating formula. Simultaneously, drawing on pharmacological research in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), we meticulously identified a range of targeted drugs that effectively modulate the aforementioned tumour-related mediators. This comprehensive strategy-a harmonious integration of state identification, target recognition, and simultaneous regulation-aims to elevate clinical efficacy. The fusion of TCM with Western medicine in tumour treatment introduces novel dimensions to the precise and refined application of TCM in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Faculty of pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Dongxin Lin
- Faculty of pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yuchan Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Faculty of pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Peiling Tang
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jinling Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaotao Hou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Faculty of pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Zhengcai Du
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jiagang Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Erwei Hao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.
| | - Junhui Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Study on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.
- Faculty of pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.
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Du Q, Lin Y, Ding C, Wu L, Xu Y, Feng Q. Pharmacological Activity of Matrine in Inhibiting Colon Cancer Cells VM Formation, Proliferation, and Invasion by Downregulating Claudin-9 Mediated EMT Process and MAPK Signaling Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:2787-2804. [PMID: 37719361 PMCID: PMC10504061 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s417077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Matrine (Mat), the main active ingredient of traditional Chinese herbal plant Sophora flavescens Ait, has significant antitumor effects, but its pharmacological mechanism on colon cancer (CC) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of Mat on CC as well as the potential mechanism. Methods The vasculogenic mimicry (VM) of CC cells was observed by three-dimensional (3D) Matrigel cell culture. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and actin filament integrity were detected by CCK8, flow cytometry, wound healing, Transwell and Phalloidin staining assays. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were applied to detect the expression of EMT factors. RNA-sequencing was conducted to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Then, the expression of the key MAPK pathway genes and the target gene Claudin-9 (Cldn9) were analyzed. RNA interference was used to silence Cldn9 expression, and the effects of Cldn9 silencing and simultaneous treatment with Mat on VM formation, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were investigated. Finally, the expression of EMT factors and MAPK pathway key genes was detected. Results CT26 cells formed the most typical VM structure. Mat disrupted the VM of CT26 cells, significantly suppressed their proliferation, migration, invasion, actin filament integrity, induced apoptosis, and inhibited EMT process. RNA-sequencing revealed 163 upregulated genes and 333 downregulated genes in Mat-treated CT26 cells, and the DEGs were significantly enriched in cell adhesion molecules and MAPK signaling pathways. Further confirmed that Mat significantly inhibited the phosphorylation levels of JNK and ERK, and the target gene Cldn9 was significantly upregulated in human CC tissues. Silencing Cldn9 markedly inhibited the VM, proliferative activity, invasiveness, and actin filament integrity of CT26 cells, blocked the EMT process, and downregulated the phosphorylation of JNK and ERK, whereas Mat intervention further strengthened the above trends. Conclusion This study indicated that Mat may synergistically inhibit the EMT process and MAPK signaling pathway through downregulation Cldn9, thereby exerting pharmacological effects on inhibiting VM formation, proliferation, and invasion of CC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Central Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingda Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changping Ding
- Department of Medical Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingling Feng
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Xu L, Li L. The feasibility of using the compound kushen injection to treat cervical cancer based on network pharmacology and transcriptomics. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35135. [PMID: 37682145 PMCID: PMC10489532 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the molecular targets and mechanisms of compound kushen injection (CKI) in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer based on network pharmacology and transcriptomics. METHODS In this study, we used network pharmacology methods to screen for effective compounds, integrated the results of network pharmacology and RNA-seq to comprehensively screen and predict target genes, analyze the biological functions and signaling pathways of target genes, and construct a PPI network to screen for hub genes. The results were further verified by biological experiments, molecular docking, RT-PCR, and western blot analysis. RESULTS The results showed that the hub genes CXCL2, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, hexokinase 2 are therapeutic targets of CKI for the treatment of Cervical Cancer. These targets were significantly enriched in pathways mainly including pathways in cancer, cell cycle, MAPK signaling pathways, etc. In vitro cell experiments showed that CKI could effectively inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, promote apoptosis, and induce cell cycle arrest. RT-PCR and western blot experiments showed that the expression of hub genes was significantly decreased. The compounds have good binding activity to hub genes. CONCLUSION CKI, based on its active ingredients and through multiple targets and multiple pathways, can stop the growth of cervical cancer cells at a certain phase of the cell cycle and cause apoptosis, which proved CKI's effect in treating cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Zhaoqing First People’s Hospital, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Linjing Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Zhaoqing First People’s Hospital, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Gynecology, Zhaoqing First People’s Hospital, Zhaoqing, China
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Su J, Zhou F, Wu S, Tong Z. Research Progress on Natural Small-Molecule Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12732. [PMID: 37628912 PMCID: PMC10454676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a serious disease with high mortality and has been a hot research topic in medical research in recent years. With the continuous reporting of in-depth research on the pathological mechanisms of sepsis, various compounds have been developed to prevent and treat sepsis. Natural small-molecule compounds play vital roles in the prevention and treatment of sepsis; for example, compounds such as resveratrol, emodin, salidroside, ginsenoside, and others can modulate signaling through the NF-κB, STAT3, STAT1, PI3K, and other pathways to relieve the inflammatory response, immunosuppression, and organ failure caused by sepsis. Here, we discuss the functions and mechanisms of natural small-molecule compounds in preventing and treating sepsis. This review will lay the theoretical foundation for discovering new natural small-molecule compounds that can potentially prevent and treat sepsis.
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Wei S, Zhang Y, Ma X, Yao Y, Zhou Q, Zhang W, Zhou C, Zhuang J. MAT as a promising therapeutic strategy against triple-negative breast cancer via inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12351. [PMID: 37524857 PMCID: PMC10390516 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39655-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a highly aggressive and heterogeneous subtype of breast cancer, lacks effective treatment options. Sophora flavescens Aiton, a Chinese medicinal plant, is often used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat cancer. Matrine (MAT) is an alkaloid extracted from Sophora flavescens. It has good anticancer effects, and thus can be explored as a new therapeutic agent in TNBC research. We performed bioinformatics analysis to analyze the differentially expressed genes between normal breast tissues and TNBC tissues, and comprehensive network pharmacology analyses. The activity and invasion ability of TNBC cells treated with MAT were analyzed. Apoptosis and cell cycle progression were determined using cytometry. We used Monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining to determine the condition of autophagosomes. Finally, the expression levels of the key target proteins of the PI3K/AKT pathway were determined using western blotting. The proliferation and invasion ability of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 can be effectively inhibited by MAT. The results of flow cytometry indicated that MAT arrested the TNBC cell cycle and induced apoptosis. In addition, we confirmed that MAT inhibited the expression of BCL-2 while up-regulating the expression of cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, enhanced intensity of MDC staining and high LC3-II expression were observed, which confirmed that MAT induced autophagy in TNBC cells. Western blotting showed that MAT inhibited the PI3K/AKT pathway and downregulated the expressions of PI3K, AKT, p-AKT, and PGK1. This study provides feasible methods, which include bioinformatics analysis and in vitro experiments, for the identification of compounds with anti-TNBC properties. MAT inhibited the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, arrested cell cycle, as well as promoted cell apoptosis and autophagy. These experiments provide evidence for the anti-TNBC effect of MAT and identified potential targets against TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Wei
- Institute of Integrated Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Qingdao Hiser hospital of Qingdao University (Qingdao Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yubao Zhang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Xiaoran Ma
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yan Yao
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Qinqin Zhou
- Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, 266114, China
| | - Wenfeng Zhang
- Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, 261000, China.
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Tong Y, Li X, Deng Q, Shi J, Feng Y, Bai L. Advances of the small molecule drugs regulating fibroblast-like synovial proliferation for rheumatoid arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1230293. [PMID: 37547337 PMCID: PMC10400780 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1230293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a type of chronic autoimmune and inflammatory disease. In the pathological process of RA, the alteration of fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) and its related factors is the main influence in the clinic and fundamental research. In RA, FLS exhibits a uniquely aggressive phenotype, leading to synovial hyperplasia, destruction of the cartilage and bone, and a pro-inflammatory environment in the synovial tissue for perpetuation and progression. Evidently, it is a highly promising way to target the pathological function of FLS for new anti-RA drugs. Based on this, we summed up the pathological mechanism of RA-FLS and reviewed the recent progress of small molecule drugs, including the synthetic small molecule compounds and natural products targeting RA-FLS. In the end, there were some views for further action. Compared with MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, the JAK/STAT signaling pathway has great potential for research as targets. A small number of synthetic small molecule compounds have entered the clinic to treat RA and are often used in combination with other drugs. Meanwhile, most natural products are currently in the experimental stage, not the clinical trial stage, such as triptolide. There is an urgent need to unremittingly develop new agents for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Tong
- Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qichuan Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Ni W, Song H, Wang L, Liu Y, Wang Q. Design, Synthesis and Various Bioactivity of Acylhydrazone-Containing Matrine Analogues. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104163. [PMID: 37241904 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Compounds with acylhydrazone fragments contain amide and imine groups that can act as electron donors and acceptors, so they are easier to bind to biological targets and thus generally exhibit significant biological activity. In this work, acylhydrazone fragments were introduced to the C-14 or C-11 position of matrine, a natural alkaloid, aiming to enhance their biological activities. The result of this bioassay showed that many synthesized compounds exhibited excellent anti-virus activity against the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Seventeen out of 25 14-acylhydrazone matrine derivatives and 17 out of 20 11-butanehydrazone matrine derivatives had a higher inhibitory activity against TMV than the commercial antiviral agent Ribavirin (the in vitro activity, in vivo inactivation, curative and protection activities at 500 µg/mL were 40.9, 36.5 ± 0.9, 38.0 ± 1.6 and 35.1 ± 2.2%, respectively), and four 11-butanehydrazone matrine derivatives even had similar to or higher activity than the most efficient antiviral agent Ningnanmycin (55.4, 57.8 ± 1.4, 55.3 ± 0.5 and 60.3 ± 1.2% at 500 µg/mL for the above four test modes). Among them, the N-benzyl-11-butanehydrazone of matrine formed with 4-bromoindole-3-carboxaldehyde exhibited the best anti-TMV activity (65.8, 71.8 ± 2.8, 66.8 ± 1.3 and 69.5 ± 3.1% at 500 µg/mL; 29, 33.5 ± 0.7, 24.1 ± 0.2 and 30.3 ± 0.6% at 100 µg/mL for the above four test modes), deserving further investigation as an antiviral agent. Other than these, the two series of acylhydrazone-containing matrine derivatives were evaluated for their insecticidal and fungicidal activities. Several compounds were found to have good insecticidal activities against diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and mosquito larvae (Culex pipiens pallens), showing broad biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongjian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lizhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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20
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Chhabra S, Mehan S. Matrine exerts its neuroprotective effects by modulating multiple neuronal pathways. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1471-1499. [PMID: 37103719 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that misfolding, clumping, and accumulation of proteins in the brain may be common causes and pathogenic mechanism for several neurological illnesses. This causes neuronal structural deterioration and disruption of neural circuits. Research from various fields supports this idea, indicating that developing a single treatment for several severe conditions might be possible. Phytochemicals from medicinal plants play an essential part in maintaining the brain's chemical equilibrium by affecting the proximity of neurons. Matrine is a tetracyclo-quinolizidine alkaloid derived from the plant Sophora flavescens Aiton. Matrine has been shown to have a therapeutic effect on Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and various other neurological disorders. Numerous studies have demonstrated that matrine protects neurons by altering multiple signalling pathways and crossing the blood-brain barrier. As a result, matrine may have therapeutic utility in the treatment of a variety of neurocomplications. This work aims to serve as a foundation for future clinical research by reviewing the current state of matrine as a neuroprotective agent and its potential therapeutic application in treating neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illnesses. Future research will answer many concerns and lead to fascinating discoveries that could impact other aspects of matrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swesha Chhabra
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, 142001, Punjab, India.
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21
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Pharmacological mechanism of natural drugs and their active ingredients in the treatment of arrhythmia via calcium channel regulation. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114413. [PMID: 36805187 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmia is characterized by abnormal heartbeat rhythms and frequencies caused by heart pacing and conduction dysfunction. Arrhythmia is the leading cause of death in patients with cardiovascular disease, with high morbidity and mortality rates, posing a serious risk to human health. Natural drugs and their active ingredients, such as matrine(MAT), tetrandrine(TET), dehydroevodiamine, tanshinone IIA, and ginsenosides, have been widely used for the treatment of atrial fibrillation, ventricular ectopic beats, sick sinus syndrome, and other arrhythmia-like diseases owing to their unique advantages. This review summarizes the mechanism of action of natural drugs and their active ingredients in the treatment of arrhythmia via the regulation of Ca2+, such as alkaloids, quinones, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, and lignan compounds, to provide ideas for the innovative development of natural drugs with potential antiarrhythmic efficacy.
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22
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Zhong H, Han L, Lu RY, Wang Y. Antifungal and Immunomodulatory Ingredients from Traditional Chinese Medicine. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:antibiotics12010048. [PMID: 36671249 PMCID: PMC9855100 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal infections have become a growing public health challenge due to the clinical transmission of pathogenic fungi. The currently available antifungal drugs leave very limited choices for clinical physicians to deal with such situation, not to mention the long-standing problems of emerging drug resistance, side effects and heavy economic burdens imposed to patients. Therefore, new antifungal drugs are urgently needed. Screening drugs from natural products and using synthetic biology strategies are very promising for antifungal drug development. Chinese medicine is a vast library of natural products of biologically active molecules. According to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, preparations used to treat fungal diseases usually have antifungal and immunomodulatory functions. This suggests that if antifungal drugs are used in combination with immunomodulatory drugs, better results may be achieved. Studies have shown that the active components of TCM have strong antifungal or immunomodulatory effects and have broad application prospects. In this paper, the latest research progress of antifungal and immunomodulatory components of TCM is reviewed and discussed, hoping to provide inspiration for the design of novel antifungal compounds and to open up new horizons for antifungal treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Han
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ren-Yi Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence:
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[Effects of matrine combined with LY294002 on proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of human myeloid leukemia K562 cells]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:1739-1746. [PMID: 36504069 PMCID: PMC9742777 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.11.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of matrine combined with LY294002 on proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle of human myeloid leukemia K562 cells and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS The effects of different concentrations of matrine alone and in combination with LY294002 on the proliferation of K562 cells were examined with CCK-8 assay. The changes in morphology of K562 cells were observed following treatment for 48 h with 0.4 g/L matrine and 10 μmol/L Y294002, either alone or in combination, and cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry with annexin V-FITC/PI double labeling; the changes in cell cycle was detected with PI labeling. Western blotting was performed to examine the effect of matrine combined with LY294002 on expressions of p-mTOR, p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, cyclinD1, Bcl-2 and caspase-9 in the cells. RESULTS Treatment with different concentrations of matrine, both alone and in combination with LY294002, inhibited the proliferation of K562 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Compared with matrine treatment alone, the combined treatment caused more obvious morphological changes of the cells, significantly increased cell apoptosis (P < 0.01), and induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 (P < 0.01). Western blotting showed that the protein expression levels of p-mTOR, cyclinD1, p-PI3K, p-Akt and Bcl-2 in K562 cells increased while the expression level of caspase-9 decreased significantly after the combined treatment (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Matrine combined with LY294002 produces a synergistic inhibitory effect on K562 cells possibly by down-regulating the p-Akt expression in PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, reducing the expressions of p-mTOR, cyclinD1 and Bcl-2, and increasing the expression of caspase-9.
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Sun K, Shen H, He S, Liu Y. MASM inhibits cancer stem cell-like characteristics of EpCAM + cells via AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:8380-8389. [PMID: 36505290 PMCID: PMC9730073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) are regarded as the frequent cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) relapse and therapeutic resistance. The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is one of the key biomarkers for LCSCs. EpCAM+ cells from HCC have been reported to display cancer stem cell-like (CSC-like) properties. Therefore, we aimed to verify the effect of MASM, a novel derivative of matrine, on CSC-like properties of EpCAM+ HCC cells. METHODS EpCAM+ cells were isolated from Hep3B and Huh7 cells using the magnetic-activated cell sorting. The capacity for self-renewal and proliferation of EpCAM+ HCC cells was determined by the sphere-formation and cell counting kit 8 assays. After these cell populations were exposed to increasing concentrations of MASM, sphere formation, cell proliferation, apoptosis, resistance to chemotherapy and colony formation were evaluated, respectively. Moreover, the stemness-associated gene expression and underlying mechanisms were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and sphere-forming assay. RESULTS MASM significantly inhibited proliferation without inducing apoptosis, down-regulated the expression of stemness-related genes, decreased the percentage of EpCAM+ HCC cells and up-regulated mature hepatocyte-related genes. Moreover, MASM suppressed the formation and reduced the size of not only primary spheroids but also subsequent spheroids. Additionally, our results showed that MASM inhibited the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. CONCLUSION MASM treatment is effective against EpCAM+ cells and may be considered as a novel drug candidate in HCC therapy.
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Ni W, Wang L, Song H, Liu Y, Wang Q. Synthesis and Evaluation of 11-Butyl Matrine Derivatives as Potential Anti-Virus Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:7563. [PMID: 36364389 PMCID: PMC9658933 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrine derivatives were reported to have various biological activities, especially the ester, amide or sulfonamide derivatives of matrine deriving from the hydroxyl or carboxyl group at the end of the branch chain after the D ring of matrine is opened. In this work, to investigate whether moving away all functional groups from the C-11 branch chain could have an impact on the bioactivities, such as anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), insecticidal and fungicidal activities, a variety of N-substituted-11-butyl matrine derivatives were synthesized. The obtained bioassay result showed that most N-substituted-11-butyl matrine derivatives had obviously enhanced anti-TMV activity compared with matrine, especially many compounds had good inhibitory activity close to that of commercialized virucide Ningnanmycin (inhibition rate 55.4, 57.8 ± 1.4, 55.3 ± 0.5 and 60.3 ± 1.2% at 500 μg/mL; 26.1, 29.7 ± 0.2, 24.2 ± 1.0 and 27.0 ± 0.3% at 100 μg/mL, for the in vitro activity, in vivo inactivation, curative and protection activities, respectively). Notably, N-benzoyl (7), N-benzyl (16), and N-cyclohexylmethyl-11-butyl (19) matrine derivatives had higher anti-TMV activity than Ningnanmycin at both 500 and 100 μg/mL for the four test modes, showing high potential as anti-TMV agent. Furthermore, some compounds also showed good fungicidal activity or insecticidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yuxiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Zha Z, Liu S, Liu Y, Li C, Wang L. Potential Utility of Natural Products against Oxidative Stress in Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081495. [PMID: 36009214 PMCID: PMC9404913 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by immune cell infiltration, demyelination and axonal injury. Oxidative stress-induced inflammatory response, especially the destructive effect of immune cell-derived free radicals on neurons and oligodendrocytes, is crucial in the onset and progression of MS. Therefore, targeting oxidative stress-related processes may be a promising preventive and therapeutic strategy for MS. Animal models, especially rodent models, can be used to explore the in vivo molecular mechanisms of MS considering their similarity to the pathological processes and clinical signs of MS in humans and the significant oxidative damage observed within their CNS. Consequently, these models have been used widely in pre-clinical studies of oxidative stress in MS. To date, many natural products have been shown to exert antioxidant effects to attenuate the CNS damage in animal models of MS. This review summarized several common rodent models of MS and their association with oxidative stress. In addition, this review provides a comprehensive and concise overview of previously reported natural antioxidant products in inhibiting the progression of MS.
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Li M, Zeng Z, Feng H, Cao Y, Zhang Q, Lv T, Yang X, Song D, Li P, Hu L, Fan S, An R, Zhang B, Zhang L, Liao Q. Accurate 16S Absolute Quantification Sequencing Revealed Vaginal Microecological Composition and Dynamics During Mixed Vaginitis Treatment With Fufang FuRong Effervescent Suppository. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:883798. [PMID: 35646743 PMCID: PMC9136393 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.883798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The diagnosis and treatment of mixed vaginitis are more complicated than single pathogenic infections, and there may be adverse reactions and several contraindications to conventional antibiotic therapy. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the preliminary effects of Fufang Furong Effervescent Suppository for the management of aerobic vaginitis (AV) mixed with bacterial vaginosis (BV) using Accurate 16S absolute quantification sequencing (Accu16S). Methods In the present randomized, blind, multi-center clinical trial, women (20 to 55 years) who had received a diagnosis of AV+BV were randomly assigned into clindamycin positive control (n = 41) and Fufang Furong Effervescent Suppository (n = 39) groups. The follow-up occurred in three time periods (V1: -2~0 days; V2: 15-17 days; V3: 40 ± 3 days). At each visit, two vaginal swabs, one for clinical evaluation and one for laboratory examination, were taken from each patient. The Nugent score, Donders’ score, drug-related complications, recurrence rates, and microecological changes of vaginal swabs were assessed in the time three periods. Results At baseline, the two groups were similar in frequency of presentation with vaginal burning, odor, abnormal discharge, and itching. No meaningful differences in Nugent and Donders’ scores were detected between the two groups at stage V2 (Nugent: p = 0.67; Donders’: p = 0.85) and V3 (Nugent: p = 0.97; Donders: p = 0.55). The Furong group presented fewer complications compared to the Clindamycin group. However, this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.15). Additionally, Accu16S indicated that the total abundance of bacteria in both groups sharply decreased in stage V2, but slightly increased in V3. In stage V3, the absolute abundance of Lactobacillus in the Furong group was considerably higher compared to untreated samples (p < 0.05). On the other hand, no momentous increase was detected in the Clindamycin group (p > 0.05). Conclusion Fufang Furong Effervescent Suppository can be as effective as clindamycin cream in the management of AV+BV while may restore the vagina microecosystem better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijun Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiongqiong Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingsheng Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dianrong Song
- Gynecological Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Lina Hu
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shangrong Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruifang An
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Xuzhou Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qinping Liao, ; Lei Zhang,
| | - Qinping Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qinping Liao, ; Lei Zhang,
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