Effects of Super-Activated Platelet Lysate on Early Healing of Tooth Extraction Sockets in Rats

Histological evaluation of wound healing by topical phenytoin application on extraction socket: an in vivo study in albino Wistar rats

Objective: To investigate the effects of topical phenytoin application on wound healing of extraction socket of albino Wistar rats. Materials and methods: Thirty-six albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into Group A (control), B (1% phenytoin mucoadhesive paste), and C (mucoadhesive paste without phenytoin). All animals were anesthetized followed by first molar extraction. Group A did not receive any agent, whereas, Group B and C received daily application of their respective pastes. Four animals from each group were sacrificed on day 7, 14, and 21 and analyzed histologically. Results: No significant difference was found in blood vessel count among the groups. Statistical increase in percentage of fibroblast in Group B was found as compared with other groups at day 7, whereas, no significant difference was found among groups at day 14. Day 21 showed significant decrease in percentage of fibroblasts in Group B (p-value < 0.001) as compared with Group A and C. Increase in percentage of bone trabeculae in Group B was observed on day 7, 14, and 21 with a significant difference (p-value < 0.05) as compared to Group A and C. Conclusion: Topical application of phenytoin promoted fibroblast proliferation and bone trabeculae formation during healing of extraction socket in rats.

Pathogenesis and treatment of wound healing in patients with diabetes after tooth extraction

Diabetes mellitus is a common systematic chronic disease amongst dental patients. The elevated glucose microenvironment can prolong the healing of tooth extraction sockets. Therefore, the promotion of healing up tooth extraction sockets is of great clinical importance to the patients with diabetes mellitus. The current evidence indicates the mechanism of the recovery period of extraction sockets in hyperglycaemia conditions from physiological, inflammation, immune, endocrine and neural aspects. New advancements have been made in varied curative approaches and drugs in the management of wound healing of tooth extraction sockets in diabetes. However, most of the interventions are still in the stage of animal experiments, and whether it can be put into clinical application still needs further explorations. Specifically, our work showed topical administration of plasma-rich growth factor, advanced platelet-rich fibrin, leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin and hyaluronic acid as well as maxillary immediate complete denture is regarded as a promising approach for clinical management of diabetic patients requiring extractions. Overall, recent studies present a blueprint for new advances in novel and effective approaches for this worldwide health ailment and tooth extraction sockets healing.