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Alruwaili Y, Jacobs MB, Hasenkampf NR, Tardo AC, McDaniel CE, Embers ME. Superior efficacy of combination antibiotic therapy versus monotherapy in a mouse model of Lyme disease. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1293300. [PMID: 38075920 PMCID: PMC10703379 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1293300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease (LD) results from the most prevalent tick-borne infection in North America, with over 476,000 estimated cases annually. The disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) sensu lato which transmits through the bite of Ixodid ticks. Most cases treated soon after infection are resolved by a short course of oral antibiotics. However, 10-20% of patients experience chronic symptoms because of delayed or incomplete treatment, a condition called Post-Treatment Lyme Disease (PTLD). Some Bb persists in PTLD patients after the initial course of antibiotics and an effective treatment to eradicate the persistent Bb is needed. Other organisms that cause persistent infections, such as M. tuberculosis, are cleared using a combination of therapies rather than monotherapy. A group of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs previously shown to be efficacious against Bb in vitro were used in monotherapy or in combination in mice infected with Bb. Different methods of detection were used to assess the efficacy of the treatments in the infected mice including culture, xenodiagnosis, and molecular techniques. None of the monotherapies eradicated persistent Bb. However, 4 dual combinations (doxycycline + ceftriaxone, dapsone + rifampicin, dapsone + clofazimine, doxycycline + cefotaxime) and 3 triple combinations (doxycycline + ceftriaxone+ carbomycin, doxycycline + cefotaxime+ loratadine, dapsone+ rifampicin+ clofazimine) eradicated persistent Bb infections. These results suggest that combination therapy should be investigated in preclinical studies for treating human Lyme disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Alruwaili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA, United States
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Mary B. Jacobs
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA, United States
| | - Nicole R. Hasenkampf
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA, United States
| | - Amanda C. Tardo
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA, United States
| | - Celine E. McDaniel
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA, United States
| | - Monica E. Embers
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA, United States
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
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Coburn J, Garcia B, Hu LT, Jewett MW, Kraiczy P, Norris SJ, Skare J. Lyme Disease Pathogenesis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2020; 42:473-518. [PMID: 33353871 DOI: 10.21775/cimb.042.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease Borrelia are obligately parasitic, tick- transmitted, invasive, persistent bacterial pathogens that cause disease in humans and non-reservoir vertebrates primarily through the induction of inflammation. During transmission from the infected tick, the bacteria undergo significant changes in gene expression, resulting in adaptation to the mammalian environment. The organisms multiply and spread locally and induce inflammatory responses that, in humans, result in clinical signs and symptoms. Borrelia virulence involves a multiplicity of mechanisms for dissemination and colonization of multiple tissues and evasion of host immune responses. Most of the tissue damage, which is seen in non-reservoir hosts, appears to result from host inflammatory reactions, despite the low numbers of bacteria in affected sites. This host response to the Lyme disease Borrelia can cause neurologic, cardiovascular, arthritic, and dermatologic manifestations during the disseminated and persistent stages of infection. The mechanisms by which a paucity of organisms (in comparison to many other infectious diseases) can cause varied and in some cases profound inflammation and symptoms remains mysterious but are the subjects of diverse ongoing investigations. In this review, we provide an overview of virulence mechanisms and determinants for which roles have been demonstrated in vivo, primarily in mouse models of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Coburn
- Center For Infectious Disease Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd., TBRC C3980, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Brandon Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Linden T Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Vice Dean of Research, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave., Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Mollie W Jewett
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Division Head, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd. Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Peter Kraiczy
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 40, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Steven J Norris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX 77225, USA
| | - Jon Skare
- Professor and Associate Head, Texas A and M University, 8447 Riverside Pkwy, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
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Samuels DS, Lybecker MC, Yang XF, Ouyang Z, Bourret TJ, Boyle WK, Stevenson B, Drecktrah D, Caimano MJ. Gene Regulation and Transcriptomics. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2020; 42:223-266. [PMID: 33300497 DOI: 10.21775/cimb.042.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Borrelia (Borreliella) burgdorferi, along with closely related species, is the etiologic agent of Lyme disease. The spirochete subsists in an enzootic cycle that encompasses acquisition from a vertebrate host to a tick vector and transmission from a tick vector to a vertebrate host. To adapt to its environment and persist in each phase of its enzootic cycle, B. burgdorferi wields three systems to regulate the expression of genes: the RpoN-RpoS alternative sigma factor cascade, the Hk1/Rrp1 two-component system and its product c-di-GMP, and the stringent response mediated by RelBbu and DksA. These regulatory systems respond to enzootic phase-specific signals and are controlled or fine- tuned by transcription factors, including BosR and BadR, as well as small RNAs, including DsrABb and Bb6S RNA. In addition, several other DNA-binding and RNA-binding proteins have been identified, although their functions have not all been defined. Global changes in gene expression revealed by high-throughput transcriptomic studies have elucidated various regulons, albeit technical obstacles have mostly limited this experimental approach to cultivated spirochetes. Regardless, we know that the spirochete, which carries a relatively small genome, regulates the expression of a considerable number of genes required for the transitions between the tick vector and the vertebrate host as well as the adaptation to each.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Scott Samuels
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Meghan C Lybecker
- Department of Biology, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO 80918, USA
| | - X Frank Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Zhiming Ouyang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Travis J Bourret
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68105 USA
| | - William K Boyle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, 68105 USA
| | - Brian Stevenson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky School of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Dan Drecktrah
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Melissa J Caimano
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
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Gao J, Gong Z, Montesano D, Glazer E, Liegner K. "Repurposing" Disulfiram in the Treatment of Lyme Disease and Babesiosis: Retrospective Review of First 3 Years' Experience in One Medical Practice. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9120868. [PMID: 33291557 PMCID: PMC7761882 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9120868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 71 patients with Lyme disease were identified for analysis in whom treatment with disulfiram was initiated between 15 March 2017 and 15 March 2020. Four patients were lost to follow-up, leaving 67 evaluable patients. Our retrospective review found patients to fall into a “high-dose” group (≥4 mg/kg/day) and a “low-dose” group (<4 mg/kg/day). In total, 62 of 67 (92.5%) patients treated with disulfiram were able to endorse a net benefit of the treatment with regard to their symptoms. Moreover, 12 of 33 (36.4%) patients who completed one or two courses of “high-dose” therapy enjoyed an “enduring remission”, defined as remaining clinically well for ≥6 months without further anti-infective treatment. The most common adverse reactions from disulfiram treatment in the high-dose group were fatigue (66.7%), psychiatric symptoms (48.5%), peripheral neuropathy (27.3%), and mild to moderate elevation of liver enzymes (15.2%). We observed that although patients on high dose experienced a higher risk for adverse reactions than those on a low dose, high-dose patients were significantly more likely to achieve enduring remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Gao
- College of Arts and Sciences, Boston University, 725 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Zhaodi Gong
- CT Integrated Pain Consultants, LLC, 60 Katona Drive, Suite 25, Fairfield, CT 06824, USA;
| | - Dawn Montesano
- P.C. Lyme Borreliosis & Related Disorders, 592 Route 22, Suite 1B, Pawling, NY 12564, USA; (D.M.); (E.G.)
| | - Erica Glazer
- P.C. Lyme Borreliosis & Related Disorders, 592 Route 22, Suite 1B, Pawling, NY 12564, USA; (D.M.); (E.G.)
| | - Kenneth Liegner
- P.C. Lyme Borreliosis & Related Disorders, 592 Route 22, Suite 1B, Pawling, NY 12564, USA; (D.M.); (E.G.)
- Northwell System, Northern Westchester Hospital Center, Mount Kisco, NY 10549, USA
- Nuvance Health System, Sharon Hospital, Sharon, CT 06069, USA
- Correspondence:
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Repurposing Disulfiram (Tetraethylthiuram Disulfide) as a Potential Drug Candidate against Borrelia burgdorferi In Vitro and In Vivo. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9090633. [PMID: 32971817 PMCID: PMC7557442 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9090633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease caused by the Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb or B. burgdorferi) is the most common vector-borne, multi-systemic disease in the USA. Although most Lyme disease patients can be cured with a course of the first line of antibiotic treatment, some patients are intolerant to currently available antibiotics, necessitating the development of more effective therapeutics. We previously found several drugs, including disulfiram, that exhibited effective activity against B. burgdorferi. In the current study, we evaluated the potential of repurposing the FDA-approved drug, disulfiram for its borreliacidal activity. Our results indicate disulfiram has excellent borreliacidal activity against both the log and stationary phase B. burgdorferi sensu stricto B31 MI. Treatment of mice with disulfiram eliminated the B. burgdorferi sensu stricto B31 MI completely from the hearts and urinary bladder by day 28 post infection. Moreover, disulfiram-treated mice showed reduced expressions of inflammatory markers, and thus they were protected from histopathology and cardiac organ damage. Furthermore, disulfiram-treated mice showed significantly lower amounts of total antibody titers (IgM and IgG) at day 21 and total IgG2b at day 28 post infection. FACS analysis of lymph nodes revealed a decrease in the percentage of CD19+ B cells and an increase in total percentage of CD3+ T cells, CD3+ CD4+ T helpers, and naive and effector memory cells in disulfiram-treated mice. Together, our findings suggest that disulfiram has the potential to be repurposed as an effective antibiotic for treating Lyme disease.
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Establishment of an in vitro RNA polymerase transcription system: a new tool to study transcriptional activation in Borrelia burgdorferi. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8246. [PMID: 32427963 PMCID: PMC7237435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65104-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi exhibits dramatic changes in gene expression as it transits between its tick vector and vertebrate host. A major hurdle to understanding the mechanisms underlying gene regulation in B. burgdorferi has been the lack of a functional assay to test how gene regulatory proteins and sigma factors interact with RNA polymerase to direct transcription. To gain mechanistic insight into transcriptional control in B. burgdorferi, and address sigma factor function and specificity, we developed an in vitro transcription assay using the B. burgdorferi RNA polymerase holoenzyme. We established reaction conditions for maximal RNA polymerase activity by optimizing pH, temperature, and the requirement for divalent metals. Using this assay system, we analyzed the promoter specificity of the housekeeping sigma factor RpoD to promoters encoding previously identified RpoD consensus sequences in B. burgdorferi. Collectively, this study established an in vitro transcription assay that revealed RpoD-dependent promoter selectivity by RNA polymerase and the requirement of specific metal cofactors for maximal RNA polymerase activity. The establishment of this functional assay will facilitate molecular and biochemical studies on how gene regulatory proteins and sigma factors exert control of gene expression in B. burgdorferi required for the completion of its enzootic cycle.
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Pothineni VR, Potula HHSK, Ambati A, Mallajosyula VVA, Sridharan B, Inayathullah M, Ahmed MS, Rajadas J. Azlocillin can be the potential drug candidate against drug-tolerant Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto JLB31. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3798. [PMID: 32123189 PMCID: PMC7052277 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59600-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease is one of most common vector-borne diseases, reporting more than 300,000 cases annually in the United States. Treating Lyme disease during its initial stages with traditional tetracycline antibiotics is effective. However, 10-20% of patients treated with antibiotic therapy still shows prolonged symptoms of fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, and perceived cognitive impairment. When these symptoms persists for more than 6 months to years after completing conventional antibiotics treatment are called post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS). Though the exact reason for the prolongation of post treatment symptoms are not known, the growing evidence from recent studies suggests it might be due to the existence of drug-tolerant persisters. In order to identify effective drug molecules that kill drug-tolerant borrelia we have tested two antibiotics, azlocillin and cefotaxime that were identified by us earlier. The in vitro efficacy studies of azlocillin and cefotaxime on drug-tolerant persisters were done by semisolid plating method. The results obtained were compared with one of the currently prescribed antibiotic doxycycline. We found that azlocillin completely kills late log phase and 7-10 days old stationary phase B. burgdorferi. Our results also demonstrate that azlocillin and cefotaxime can effectively kill in vitro doxycycline-tolerant B. burgdorferi. Moreover, the combination drug treatment of azlocillin and cefotaxime effectively killed doxycycline-tolerant B. burgdorferi. Furthermore, when tested in vivo, azlocillin has shown good efficacy against B. burgdorferi in mice model. These seminal findings strongly suggests that azlocillin can be effective in treating B. burgdorferi sensu stricto JLB31 infection and furthermore in depth research is necessary to evaluate its potential use for Lyme disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Raveendra Pothineni
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, 94304, USA
| | - Hari-Hara S K Potula
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, 94304, USA
| | - Aditya Ambati
- Center for sleep sciences and medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, 94304, USA
| | | | - Brindha Sridharan
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Loyola College, Chennai, 600 034, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammed Inayathullah
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, 94304, USA
| | - Mohamed Sohail Ahmed
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, 94304, USA
| | - Jayakumar Rajadas
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, 94304, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, 94304, USA.
- Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, UCSF School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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Locke JW. Complement Evasion in Borrelia spirochetes: Mechanisms and Opportunities for Intervention. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8020080. [PMID: 31200570 PMCID: PMC6627623 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8020080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease (LD) is an increasingly prevalent, climate change-accelerated, vector-borne infectious disease with significant morbidity and cost in a proportion of patients who experience ongoing symptoms after antibiotic treatment, a condition known as post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS). Spirochetal bacteria of Borrelia species are the causative agents of LD. These obligate parasites have evolved sophisticated immune evasion mechanisms, including the ability to defeat the innate immune system’s complement cascade. Research on complement function and Borrelia evasion mechanisms, focusing on human disease, is reviewed, highlighting opportunities to build on existing knowledge. Implications for the development of new antibiotic therapies having the potential to prevent or cure PTLDS are discussed. It is noted that a therapy enabling the complement system to effectively counter Borrelia might have lower cost and fewer side-effects and risks than broad-spectrum antibiotic use and could avert the need to develop and administer a vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan W Locke
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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Liegner KB. Disulfiram (Tetraethylthiuram Disulfide) in the Treatment of Lyme Disease and Babesiosis: Report of Experience in Three Cases. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8020072. [PMID: 31151194 PMCID: PMC6627205 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three patients, each of whom had required intensive open-ended antimicrobial therapy for control of the symptoms of chronic relapsing neurological Lyme disease and relapsing babesiosis, were able to discontinue treatment and remain clinically well for periods of observation of 6–23 months following the completion of a finite course of treatment solely with disulfiram. One patient relapsed at six months and is being re-treated with disulfiram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth B Liegner
- 592 Route 22-Suite 1B, Pawling, NY 12564, USA.
- Northwell System, Northern Westchester Hospital, Mount Kisco, NY 10549, USA.
- Health Quest System, Sharon Hospital, Sharon, CT 06069, USA.
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Pothineni VR, Parekh MB, Babar MM, Ambati A, Maguire P, Inayathullah M, Kim KM, Tayebi L, Potula HHS, Rajadas J. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cephalosporins for the treatment of Lyme disease. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:2915-2921. [PMID: 30254421 PMCID: PMC6141111 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s164966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Lyme disease accounts for >90% of all vector-borne disease cases in the United States and affect ~300,000 persons annually in North America. Though traditional tetracycline antibiotic therapy is generally prescribed for Lyme disease, still 10%–20% of patients treated with current antibiotic therapy still show lingering symptoms. Methods In order to identify new drugs, we have evaluated four cephalosporins as a therapeutic alternative to commonly used antibiotics for the treatment of Lyme disease by using microdilution techniques like minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). We have determined the MIC and MBC of four drugs for three Borrelia burgdorferi s.s strains namely CA8, JLB31 and NP40. The binding studies were performed using in silico analysis. Results The MIC order of the four drugs tested is cefoxitin (1.25 µM/mL) > cefamandole (2.5 µM/mL), > cefuroxime (5 µM/mL) > cefapirin (10 µM/mL). Among the drugs that are tested in this study using in vivo C3H/HeN mouse model, cefoxitin effectively kills B. burgdorferi. The in silico analysis revealed that all four cephalosporins studied binds effectively to B. burgdorferi proteins, SecA subunit penicillin-binding protein (PBP) and Outer surface protein E (OspE). Conclusion Based on the data obtained, cefoxitin has shown high efficacy killing B. burgdorferi at concentration of 1.25 µM/mL. In addition to it, cefoxitin cleared B. burgdorferi infection in C3H/HeN mice model at 20 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Raveendra Pothineni
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA,
| | - Mansi B Parekh
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA,
| | - Mustafeez Mujtaba Babar
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA,
| | - Aditya Ambati
- Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Peter Maguire
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA,
| | - Mohammed Inayathullah
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA,
| | - Kwang-Min Kim
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA,
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Department of Developmental Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Hari-Hara Sk Potula
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA,
| | - Jayakumar Rajadas
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA, .,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,
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Screening of NCI-DTP library to identify new drug candidates for Borrelia burgdorferi. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2016; 70:308-312. [PMID: 27826144 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2016.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Pothineni VR, Wagh D, Babar MM, Inayathullah M, Solow-Cordero D, Kim KM, Samineni AV, Parekh MB, Tayebi L, Rajadas J. Identification of new drug candidates against Borrelia burgdorferi using high-throughput screening. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:1307-22. [PMID: 27103785 PMCID: PMC4827596 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s101486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lyme disease is the most common zoonotic bacterial disease in North America. It is estimated that >300,000 cases per annum are reported in USA alone. A total of 10%–20% of patients who have been treated with antibiotic therapy report the recrudescence of symptoms, such as muscle and joint pain, psychosocial and cognitive difficulties, and generalized fatigue. This condition is referred to as posttreatment Lyme disease syndrome. While there is no evidence for the presence of viable infectious organisms in individuals with posttreatment Lyme disease syndrome, some researchers found surviving Borrelia burgdorferi population in rodents and primates even after antibiotic treatment. Although such observations need more ratification, there is unmet need for developing the therapeutic agents that focus on removing the persisting bacterial form of B. burgdorferi in rodent and nonhuman primates. For this purpose, high-throughput screening was done using BacTiter-Glo assay for four compound libraries to identify candidates that stop the growth of B. burgdorferi in vitro. The four chemical libraries containing 4,366 compounds (80% Food and Drug Administration [FDA] approved) that were screened are Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds (LOPAC1280), the National Institutes of Health Clinical Collection, the Microsource Spectrum, and the Biomol FDA. We subsequently identified 150 unique compounds, which inhibited >90% of B. burgdorferi growth at a concentration of <25 µM. These 150 unique compounds comprise many safe antibiotics, chemical compounds, and also small molecules from plant sources. Of the 150 unique compounds, 101 compounds are FDA approved. We selected the top 20 FDA-approved molecules based on safety and potency and studied their minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. The promising safe FDA-approved candidates that show low minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration values can be chosen as lead molecules for further advanced studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Raveendra Pothineni
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Dhananjay Wagh
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Mustafeez Mujtaba Babar
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Mohammed Inayathullah
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - David Solow-Cordero
- Chemical & Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kwang-Min Kim
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Aneesh V Samineni
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Mansi B Parekh
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Department of Developmental Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Jayakumar Rajadas
- Biomaterials and Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Stanford Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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