Association Analysis of Triglyceride Glucose-Body Mass Index and Bone Turnover Markers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Increased pretreatment triglyceride glucose-body mass index associated with poor prognosis in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

BACKGROUND

The association between the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) and various health outcomes has been postulated. Nonetheless, the application of TyG-BMI in predicting the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains poorly understood. Our objective was to explore the association between TyG-BMI and both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced NSCLC.

METHODS

A retrospective study was conducted on the data of 426 patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC between 2018 and 2022. The TyG-BMI values were derived from the serum triglyceride, fasting plasma glucose, and BMI measurements obtained at the time of diagnosis. Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to examine the impact of TyG-BMI on both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in advanced NSCLC.

RESULTS

The median duration of follow-up was 899 days, with an interquartile range of 256-1486 days. In comparison to the lowest tertile of TyG-BMI, the highest tertile model demonstrated a significant association with worse OS (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.85; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21-2.80; P = 0.001) and PFS (HR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.40-3.10; P < 0.001). Each standard deviation increase in TyG-BMI corresponded to a 10% reduction in OS (95% CI: 1%-24%) and a 14% reduction in PFS (95% CI: 2%-27%). Subgroup analyses indicated that cigarette smokers and individuals with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels exhibited a notably unfavorable prognosis in relation to TyG-BMI-associated advanced NSCLC, as evident in both OS (P for interaction: 0.046 for smoking) and PFS (P for interaction: 0.033 for smoking and 0.049 for CRP).

CONCLUSION

Our data revealed a causal relationship between TyG-BMI and an unfavorable prognosis in patients with advanced NSCLC. Furthermore, this independent association exhibits greater significance in individuals who are smokers and exhibit higher levels of CRP.

Association between triglyceride-glucose index and bone mineral density in US adults: a cross sectional study

OBJECTIVE

Disorders in glucose and lipid metabolism have been shown to exert an influence on bone metabolism. The TyG index, which combines measures of glucose and triglycerides, provides insights into the overall metabolic status. However, the investigation of concurrent disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism and their specific implications for bone metabolism remains limited in the existing research literature. This study aimed to explore the correlation between the TyG index and bone mineral density (BMD) in US adults.

METHODS

In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), subjects were classified based on the TyG index into four groups (< 7.97, 7.97-8.39, 8.39-8.85, > 8.86). Linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the β value and 95% confidence interval (CI). Four multivariable models were constructed. Restricted cubic spline analyses and piecewise linear regression were employed to identify the association between the BMD and TyG index. An analysis of subgroups was also conducted in this study.

RESULTS

Significant variations in related characteristics were found among the US adult population, who were distributed into four groups based on the quartiles of the TyG index. A negative correlation between the TyG index and lumbar spine BMD was observed. In the multi-adjusted models, compared to Q1 of the TyG index, the β for Q4 of the TyG index for lumbar spine BMD was [β = - 0.008, 95% CI (- 0.017, 0)] in US adults. The association between the TyG index and lumbar spine BMD was found to be nonlinear (all nonlinear p < 0.001), with a threshold value based on restricted cubic spline analyses. Above the threshold point, the β for lumbar spine BMD was - 0.042 (95% CI, - 0.059, - 0.024). Below the threshold points, no significant difference was observed (p > 0.05). No significant interactions were observed among subgroups based on age, gender, presence of diabetes, BMI, and use of antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic agents. Similar patterns of association were observed in total and subtotal bone density.

CONCLUSIONS

This study identified a nonlinear association between the TyG index and BMD in the US population. Furthermore, an increased level of the TyG index may indicate a higher risk of osteoporosis among US adults. These findings highlight the importance of considering glucose and lipid metabolism disturbances in understanding bone health and the potential for developing preventive strategies for osteoporosis.