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Pérez-Castro CC, Kormanovski A, Guevara-Balcázar G, Castillo-Hernández MDC, García-Sánchez JR, Olivares-Corichi IM, López-Sánchez P, Rubio-Gayosso I. Hyperbaric oxygenation applied before or after mild or hard stress: effects on the redox state in the muscle tissue. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 27:9-20. [PMID: 36575929 PMCID: PMC9806638 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2023.27.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism is unclear for the reported protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning against oxidative stress in tissues, and the distinct effects of hyperbaric oxygen applied after stress. The trained mice were divided into three groups: the control, hyperbaric oxygenation preconditioning, and hyperbaric oxygenation applied after mild (fasting) or hard (prolonged exercise) stress. After preconditioning, we observed a decrease in basal levels of nitric oxide, tetrahydrobiopterin, and catalase despite the drastic increase in inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthases. Moreover, the basal levels of glutathione, related enzymes, and nitrosative stress only increased in the preconditioning group. The control and preconditioning groups showed a similar mild stress response of the endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthases. At the same time, the activity of all nitric oxide synthase, glutathione (GSH) in muscle, declined in the experimental groups but increased in control during hard stress. The results suggested that hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning provoked uncoupling of nitric oxide synthases and the elevated levels of GSH in muscle during this study, while hyperbaric oxygen applied after stress showed a lower level of GSH but higher recovery post-exercise levels in the majority of antioxidant enzymes. We discuss the possible mechanisms of the redox response and the role of the nitric oxide in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Carolina Pérez-Castro
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Sección de Estudio de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Alexandre Kormanovski
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Sección de Estudio de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico,Correspondence Alexandre Kormanovski, E-mail:
| | - Gustavo Guevara-Balcázar
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Sección de Estudio de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | | | - José Rubén García-Sánchez
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Sección de Estudio de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Ivonne María Olivares-Corichi
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Sección de Estudio de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Pedro López-Sánchez
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Sección de Estudio de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Iván Rubio-Gayosso
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Sección de Estudio de Posgrado e Investigación, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
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Luvuno M, Khathi A, Mabandla MV. Diet-induced prediabetes: effects of exercise treatment on risk factors for cardiovascular complications. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2021; 18:45. [PMID: 33888141 PMCID: PMC8061036 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-021-00573-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An animal model of prediabetes that has been developed in our laboratory using a high fat high carbohydrate diet and lack of physical activity displays risk factors for cardiovascular complications. The effect of exercise against these risk factors in this animal model remains unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of intermittent and regular exercise treatment on the risk factors for cardiovascular complications in this animal model of prediabetes. METHODS Following prediabetes induction, animals were randomly assigned to the following groups (n = 6): non-diabetic, prediabetic, intermittently exercising prediabetic and regularly exercising prediabetic. Exercise exposure was 7 weeks long. Body weight changes, caloric intake, blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride concentration was measured after 20 and 29 weeks while blood pressure was only measured after 29 weeks. Plasma endothelial nitric oxide synthase, malonaldehyde, glutathione peroxidase, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and C-reactive protein concentration from the heart were measured 2 weeks post-exercise termination (week 30). RESULTS We found increased body weight, caloric intake and mean arterial pressure in the prediabetic group by comparison to the non-prediabetic group. The same trend was observed in blood glucose and triglyceride concentrations. However, all of these parameters were reduced in the intermittently exercising prediabetic and regularly exercising prediabetic groups. This reduction was further accompanied by a decrease in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase, tumour necrosis factor-alpha and C-reactive protein concentration with improved oxidative stress biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS The progression of pre-diabetes to diabetes is slowed or possibly stopped by exercise (regular or intermittent). Additionally, biomarker profiles indicative of cardiovascular disease in pre-diabetics are improved by exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mluleki Luvuno
- Schools of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Andile Khathi
- Schools of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Musa V Mabandla
- Schools of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
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Akaihata H, Hata J, Tanji R, Honda-Takinami R, Matsuoka K, Sato Y, Kataoka M, Ogawa S, Kojima Y. Tetrahydrobiopterin prevents chronic ischemia-related lower urinary tract dysfunction through the maintenance of nitric oxide bioavailability. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19844. [PMID: 33199757 PMCID: PMC7670448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the influence of chronic ischemia on nitric oxide biosynthesis in the bladder and the effect of administering tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), a cofactor for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), on chronic ischemia-related lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). This study divided male Sprague-Dawley rats into Control, chronic bladder ischemia (CBI) and CBI with oral BH4 supplementation (CBI/BH4) groups. In the CBI group, bladder capacity and bladder muscle strip contractility were significantly lower, and arterial wall was significantly thicker than in Controls. Significant improvements were seen in bladder capacity, muscle strip contractility and arterial wall thickening in the CBI/BH4 group as compared with the CBI group. Western blot analysis of bladder showed expressions of eNOS (p = 0.043), HIF-1α (p < 0.01) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) (p < 0.01), which could regenerate BH4, were significantly higher in the CBI group than in Controls. In the CBI/BH4 group, HIF-1α (p = 0.012) and DHFR expressions (p = 0.018) were significantly decreased compared with the CBI group. Our results suggest that chronic ischemia increases eNOS and DHFR in the bladder to prevent atherosclerosis progression. However, DHFR could not synthesize sufficient BH4 relative to the increased eNOS, resulting in LUTD. BH4 supplementation protects lower urinary tract function by promoting eNOS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Akaihata
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University of School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Junya Hata
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University of School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Ryo Tanji
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University of School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Ruriko Honda-Takinami
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University of School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Kanako Matsuoka
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University of School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sato
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University of School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Masao Kataoka
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University of School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ogawa
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University of School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kojima
- Department of Urology, Fukushima Medical University of School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
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Tentolouris A, Eleftheriadou I, Tzeravini E, Tsilingiris D, Paschou SA, Siasos G, Tentolouris N. Endothelium as a Therapeutic Target in Diabetes Mellitus: From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Practice. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1089-1131. [PMID: 30663560 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190119154152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endothelium plays an essential role in human homeostasis by regulating arterial blood pressure, distributing nutrients and hormones as well as providing a smooth surface that modulates coagulation, fibrinolysis and inflammation. Endothelial dysfunction is present in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and contributes to the development and progression of macrovascular disease, while it is also associated with most of the microvascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and dyslipidemia are the main factors involved in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction. Regarding antidiabetic medication, metformin, gliclazide, pioglitazone, exenatide and dapagliflozin exert a beneficial effect on Endothelial Function (EF); glimepiride and glibenclamide, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and liraglutide have a neutral effect, while studies examining the effect of insulin analogues, empagliflozin and canagliflozin on EF are limited. In terms of lipid-lowering medication, statins improve EF in subjects with DM, while data from short-term trials suggest that fenofibrate improves EF; ezetimibe also improves EF but further studies are required in people with DM. The effect of acetylsalicylic acid on EF is dose-dependent and lower doses improve EF while higher ones do not. Clopidogrel improves EF, but more studies in subjects with DM are required. Furthermore, angiotensin- converting-enzyme inhibitors /angiotensin II receptor blockers improve EF. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors improve EF locally in the corpus cavernosum. Finally, cilostazol exerts favorable effect on EF, nevertheless, more data in people with DM are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Tentolouris
- Diabetes Center, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Eleftheriadou
- Diabetes Center, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Tzeravini
- Diabetes Center, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsilingiris
- Diabetes Center, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavroula A Paschou
- Diabetes Center, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Siasos
- First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tentolouris
- Diabetes Center, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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S-Nitrosylation: An Emerging Paradigm of Redox Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090404. [PMID: 31533268 PMCID: PMC6769533 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a highly reactive molecule, generated through metabolism of L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS). Abnormal NO levels in mammalian cells are associated with multiple human diseases, including cancer. Recent studies have uncovered that the NO signaling is compartmentalized, owing to the localization of NOS and the nature of biochemical reactions of NO, including S-nitrosylation. S-nitrosylation is a selective covalent post-translational modification adding a nitrosyl group to the reactive thiol group of a cysteine to form S-nitrosothiol (SNO), which is a key mechanism in transferring NO-mediated signals. While S-nitrosylation occurs only at select cysteine thiols, such a spatial constraint is partially resolved by transnitrosylation, where the nitrosyl moiety is transferred between two interacting proteins to successively transfer the NO signal to a distant location. As NOS is present in various subcellular locales, a stress could trigger concerted S-nitrosylation and transnitrosylation of a large number of proteins involved in divergent signaling cascades. S-nitrosylation is an emerging paradigm of redox signaling by which cells confer protection against oxidative stress.
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Fenofibrate plus Metformin Produces Cardioprotection in a Type 2 Diabetes and Acute Myocardial Infarction Model. PPAR Res 2016; 2016:8237264. [PMID: 27069466 PMCID: PMC4812489 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8237264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether fenofibrate, metformin, and their combination generate cardioprotection in a rat model of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Streptozotocin-induced diabetic- (DB-) rats received 14 days of either vehicle, fenofibrate, metformin, or their combination and immediately after underwent myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Fenofibrate plus metformin generated cardioprotection in a DBI/R model, reported as decreased coronary vascular resistance, compared to DBI/R-Vehicle, smaller infarct size, and increased cardiac work. The subchronic treatment with fenofibrate plus metformin increased, compared with DBI/R-Vehicle, total antioxidant capacity, manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase activity (MnSOD), guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH-I) expression, tetrahydrobiopterin : dihydrobiopterin (BH4 : BH2) ratio, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity, nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, and decreased inducible NOS (iNOS) activity. These findings suggest that PPARα activation by fenofibrate + metformin, at low doses, generates cardioprotection in a rat model of T2D and AMI and may represent a novel treatment strategy to limit I/R injury in patients with T2D.
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Rubio-Guerra AF, Vargas-Robles H, Del Valle-Mondragon L, Maceda-Serrano A, Huerta-Ramirez S, Duran-Salgado MB, Escalante-Acosta BA. Correlation between biopterin levels and intimal-media thickness in type-2 diabetic hypertensive patients. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2014; 13:6. [PMID: 24393252 PMCID: PMC3925017 DOI: 10.1186/2251-6581-13-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Biopterins have a crucial role in the function of nitric oxide synthase, uncoupling of the enzyme leads to endothelial dysfunction and vascular damage, The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the levels of biopterins with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in hypertensive type-2 diabetic patients. Methods We studied 30 hypertensive type-2 diabetic patients and 30 normotensive non-diabetic age-matched subjects, in whom biopterins levels were measured by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Additionally, the CIMT of both the common and internal carotid arteries was measured. The levels of biopterins and CIMT were correlated using the Pearson correlation coefficient test. Results We did not find a significantly correlation between biopterins levels and CIMT. However, we found a significantly inverse correlation between the BH4/BH2 ratio and the CIMT in patients (r = -0.54, p < 0.01). A multiple regression analysis revealed that the CIMT correlated significantly and independently with the BH4/BH2 ratio. Conclusion Our results suggest that the BH4/BH2 ratio seems to be a better marker of vascular disease than biopterin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Francisco Rubio-Guerra
- Hospital General de Ticomán SS and Mexican Group for Basic And Clinical Research in Internal Medicine, México, DF C,P, 03600, Mexico.
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