1
|
Akollo IR, Lameky VY. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practicves Among Middle-Aged and Elderly Population Towards Ultrasound Screening for Strokes [Letter]. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:407-408. [PMID: 38314014 PMCID: PMC10838046 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s459938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isak Roberth Akollo
- Department of Nursing, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku, Ambon, Maluku, Indonesia
| | - Vernando Yanry Lameky
- Department of Nursing, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Maluku, Ambon, Maluku, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Afzal S, Khan FU, Aqeel MT, Ullah M, Bajwa M, Akhtar M, Majid M. Impact of a pharmacist-led educational intervention on knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the rational use of antibiotics among healthcare workers in a secondary care hospital in Punjab, Pakistan. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1327576. [PMID: 38348350 PMCID: PMC10859775 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1327576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Growing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and decreasing efficacy of the available antimicrobials have become a significant public health concern. The antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) ensures the appropriate use of antimicrobials and mitigates resistance prevalence through various interventions. One of the core components of the ASP is to educate healthcare workers (HWs). Therefore, this study aims to identify the impact of a pharmacist-led educational intervention targeting knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding rational antibiotic use among healthcare professionals in a secondary care hospital in Punjab. Methods: This is a single-center, questionnaire-based, pre-post interventional study conducted over a six-month time period. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26. Results: Regarding the pre-interventional knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) score of the respondents, 90.3% had a good knowledge score, 81.5% had a positive attitude, and 72.3% of HWs (excluding doctors) had a good practice score. Additionally, 74.6% of the doctors had a good practice score. After educational intervention, there was a significant improvement in the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the respondent HWs (p-value <0.001). Furthermore, males have higher knowledge scores compared to females in the pre- and post-intervention stages (p-value <0.05), and doctors differ from nurses regarding knowledge scores in both pre- and post-intervention stages. Conclusion: Considering educational programs as the backbone of the ASP, it is imperative to sustain efforts in the ongoing educational programs of HWs to foster high awareness and adherence to the ASP among HWs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shairyar Afzal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, District Head Quarter Hospital Jhelum, Jhelum, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ullah Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy Xian Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | | | - Matti Ullah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mishal Bajwa
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Masoom Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Majid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ahmed S, Tareq AH, Ilyas D. The Impact of Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Training Sessions on Knowledge of Healthcare Students of Wah Cantonment, Pakistan. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2024; 61:469580241228443. [PMID: 38339805 PMCID: PMC10859065 DOI: 10.1177/00469580241228443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Promoting awareness regarding antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and stewardship (AMS) is crucial as it results in treatment failures and an economic burden on a country. This study was conducted to determine the baseline knowledge of healthcare students and the impact of conducting training sessions regarding AMR and AMS on the knowledge of healthcare students. This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design at Wah Medical College, Pakistan, and its subsidiary institutes in 4 months. Two hundred twenty-six healthcare students were selected via stratified sampling through a proportional allocation from 3 academic student groups. Training sessions were conducted and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23. The median age of the participants was 22 while most were females (54.9%). There was a significant difference in means of AMR score between BScN and AD-BTM student groups and among AD-BTM and MBBS student groups. In the case of AMS scores, the difference in means was significant among all student groups. The training sessions were found effective as the mean AMR and AMS knowledge scores among all the student groups increased significantly after the intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Ahmed
- Wah Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Doua Ilyas
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Plaza Zamora FJ, Mendoza Barbero A, Molinero A, Sánchez Marcos N, Lambert M, Taxis K, García-Sangenis A, Llor C. [Audit of Antibiotic Dispensing in Community Pharmacy (Happy Patient Project)]. FARMACEUTICOS COMUNITARIOS 2023; 15:26-36. [PMID: 39156980 PMCID: PMC11326684 DOI: 10.33620/fc.2173-9218.(2023).28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Background Dispensing and prescribing antibiotics is inappropriate in many of the countries in the European Union, including Spain, and a threat to the population's health. To tackle the growth of antimicrobial resistance, the Happy Patient project was set up under the sponsorship of the European Commission. Aim O ascertain the characteristics of dispensing antibiotic therapy in Spanish community pharmacies.To compare the variability between different Spanish community pharmacies. Methods The Audit Project Odense® methodology was used to find out how antibiotics were dispensed in community pharmacies. Pharmacists taking part were asked to record for five consecutive days between the months of February and April 2022 the actions performed during the dispensing of oral antibiotics for human use and for the treatment of acute infections. Results A total population of 573 patients (59.9% female) of all age groups were interviewed. The patients were 83.6% aware of the purpose for which the antibiotic was prescribed and the most requested antibiotic was amoxicillin followed by amoxicillin with clavulanic acid.In 15% of dispensations, a triple safety check was completed: interactions, contraindications and allergies. The pharmacist rarely contacted the prescriber but when she did, the prescriber altered the prescription.In 62.3% of cases, information about the duration of treatment was provided and amoxicillin with and without clavulanic acid was the antibiotic dispensed for which most warnings about side effects were issued. In 24.6% of dispensations there was no advice given at all. In 81.7% the pharmacist agreed with the prescribed treatment. Conclusions This audit can be a starting point to improve clinical practice and reduce antibiotic resistance. It highlights the need for safety checks in regard to the use of antimicrobials and suggests verifying dispensing to correct errors that may jeopardize the safety and effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Plaza Zamora
- Farmacéutico Comunitario en Mazarrón (Murcia). Doctor en Farmacia. Miembro del Grupo de Trabajo de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología de SEFACSociedad Española de Farmacia Clínica, Familiar y Comunitaria España
| | - Ana Mendoza Barbero
- Farmacéutica comunitaria en Reus (Tarragona). Miembro del Grupo de trabajo de Respiratorio y tabaquismo de SEFACSociedad Española de Farmacia Clínica, Familiar y Comunitaria España
| | - Ana Molinero
- Farmacéutica Comunitaria en Fuenlabrada (Madrid). Doctora en Farmacia. Miembro del Grupo de Trabajo de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología de SEFAC Sociedad Española de Farmacia Clínica, Familiar y Comunitaria España
| | - Navidad Sánchez Marcos
- Farmacéutica comunitaria en San Sebastián de los Reyes (Madrid). Miembro del Grupo de trabajo de Respiratorio y tabaquismo de SEFAC Sociedad Española de Farmacia Clínica, Familiar y Comunitaria España
| | - M Lambert
- Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The NetherlandsUniversity of GroningenNetherlands
| | - Katja Taxis
- Unit of PharmacoTherapy, Epidemiology and Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands. University of GroningenNetherlands
| | - Ana García-Sangenis
- Fundació Institut Universitari per la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades InfecciosasEspaña
| | - Carles Llor
- Fundació Institut Universitari per la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC)Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades InfecciosasEspaña
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Simegn W, Moges G. Awareness and knowledge of antimicrobial resistance and factors associated with knowledge among adults in Dessie City, Northeast Ethiopia: Community-based cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279342. [PMID: 36584014 PMCID: PMC9803210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance is an important global health challenge. The current study aimed to assess the level of awareness and knowledge of antimicrobial resistance and factors associated with knowledge among adults in Dessie City, Ethiopia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 407 adults in Dessie City from June to July 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select respondents, and Google Form was used to collect data online. The data was analyzed by SPSS Version 26. The associated factors of knowledge of antimicrobial resistance were identified by using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression. Independent variables with a P-value <0.2 were selected as candidate variables for multivariable logistic regression. Those variables with a P-value <0.05 were declared statistically significant factors. RESULT Out of the required sample sizes, four hundred and seven participants were enrolled, giving a response rate of 99.3%. One hundred and fifty-two (37.3%) respondents were females. Nearly one-third of the respondents (28.3%) have taken antibiotics in the last 6 months. In this study, 73.7% of study participants were aware of the existence of germs; 58.2% were aware of the existence of antibiotic resistance to bacteria; 47.7% were aware of the existence of drug resistance; 39.8% were aware of the existence of antimicrobial resistance; and 36.6% were aware of the existence of antibiotic resistance. Sixty-four (15.7%) respondents were not aware of any of the above terms. Sixty (14.7%) of the respondents were not aware of any risk factor for antimicrobial resistance. About 63 (15.5%) of the respondents did not know the consequences of antimicrobial resistance. Two hundred and thirty-eight (58.5%) respondents had good knowledge of antimicrobial resistance. In this study, being male (AOR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.23,3.20), college and above educational level (AOR = 3.50; 95% CI: 1.08,11.39), grade 11-12 educational level (AOR = 3.73; 95% CI: 1.20,11.61), getting advice from health professionals about how to take antibiotics (AOR = 1.84; 95% CI:1.07,3.17), using health professionals as a source of information on antibiotics (AOR = 2.51; 95% CI: 1.48,4.25), and taking antibiotics without prescription (AOR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.04,3.30) were significantly associated with good knowledge of antimicrobial resistance. CONCLUSION The study identified low awareness and knowledge of antimicrobial resistance among adults. Being male, higher educational level, getting advice from health professionals about how to take antibiotics, using health professionals as a source of information on antibiotics, and taking antibiotics without a prescription were significantly associated with good knowledge of antimicrobial resistance. Educational campaigns would be highly desirable for the public to improve their awareness and knowledge of antimicrobial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wudneh Simegn
- Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
| | - Getachew Moges
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abu Farha R, Awwad O, Abdurazaq B, Abu Hammour K, Akour A. Evaluation of drug use pattern in adults’ outpatient clinics in a tertiary teaching hospital using WHO core prescribing indicators. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/jphsr/rmac048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study has evaluated the drug use pattern among adults attending the outpatient clinics of the Jordan University Hospital (JUH), by assessing the adherence of prescriptions to the World Health Organization (WHO) core prescribing indicators.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted during the period from October 2011 to January 2022 at JUH. Several prescriptions from 10 different adult outpatient clinics were reviewed to evaluate hospital adherence to the five WHO core prescribing indicators.
Key findings
To assess the WHO core prescribing indicators, data for 2451 prescriptions were reviewed. Around one-third of the patients (33.4%) were receiving polypharmacy (five medications or more). Results revealed that two core prescribing indicators were not following the standard values specified by the WHO; the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter (3.8 medications/prescription), and the percentage of drugs from the essential drug list (EDL) (54.1%). Endocrine clinics showed the highest average of drugs (6.3) per prescription and the highest percentage of prescriptions with injectable medicines (51.7%). On the other hand, ophthalmology clinics showed the highest percentage of prescriptions with antibiotics (29.9%) and the lowest percentage of drugs prescribed from the EDL at JUH (14.1%). Evaluating factors affecting the number of prescribed medications per encounter revealed that elderly patients (> 60 years), being female, referring to the endocrine clinic, and having insurance have a higher average number of medications per encounter compared with others (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
The proper prescribing practices in a sizable tertiary hospital in Amman, Jordan, are clarified by this study. The percentage of medications from EDL and the typical number of drugs/encounters did not comply with WHO requirements. The study findings should guide the Jordanian health policymakers in designing and implementing strategies to limit irrational prescribing practices and raise awareness of and ensure physician adherence to the national EDL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana Abu Farha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University , Amman , Jordan
| | - Oriana Awwad
- Department Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan
| | - Bashar Abdurazaq
- Department Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan
| | - Khawla Abu Hammour
- Department Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan
| | - Amal Akour
- Department Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan , Amman , Jordan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University , Al Ain , United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jantarathaneewat K, Camins B, Apisarnthanarak A. The role of the clinical pharmacist in antimicrobial stewardship in Asia: A review. ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP & HEALTHCARE EPIDEMIOLOGY : ASHE 2022; 2:e176. [PMID: 36386007 PMCID: PMC9641507 DOI: 10.1017/ash.2022.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Clinical pharmacist-driven antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have been successfully implemented. Although relevant guidance and several studies suggest that clinical pharmacists be integrated into the current ASP team model, barriers still exist in Asia, primarily due to lack of dedicated personnel and lack of career advancement. We review the effectiveness and the ideal role of clinical pharmacist among ASPs in Asia. Several studies conducted in Asia have shown the effectiveness of pharmacist-led ASP interventions in hospitals and other healthcare settings. However, opportunities to expand the role of clinical pharmacists in ASPs in Asia exist in the implementation of rapid diagnostic test and drug allergies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kittiya Jantarathaneewat
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacy Practice and Management Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Research Group in Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Bernard Camins
- Division of Infection Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Anucha Apisarnthanarak
- Research Group in Infectious Diseases Epidemiology and Prevention, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Polisetty RS, Borkowski J, Georges D, Mowers S, Bolch C, Quiñones-Boex A, Murray M. Antibiotic Stewardship Attitudes and Beliefs Among Frontline Staff Nurses: Impact of Virtual Education. EMJ MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2022. [DOI: 10.33590/emjmicrobiolinfectdis/10151610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background: Nurses are vital healthcare team members and are often underutilised in antimicrobial stewardship (AS) activities. Several nursing responsibilities, such as taking allergy history and obtaining cultures, already overlap with AS activities. Nurses can play a crucial role in promoting AS in resource-limited settings. This study was conducted to assess frontline staff nurses’ baseline attitudes and beliefs towards AS, and see if a virtual education campaign consisting of newsletters and tip sheets would affect those attitudes and beliefs.
Methods: An online survey (pre-survey) was conducted of all in-patient nurses employed in the authors’ hospital on their attitudes and beliefs regarding AS. The survey consisted of 24 questions divided into three domains: demographic and practice information, nursing roles, and beliefs and attitudes towards AS programmes (ASP). After obtaining the results of the pre-survey, the authors started distributing monthly newsletters on various AS topics via email and posting them on a resource page. Topics included how to obtain an accurate allergy history, how to use microbiology results to help guide decisions, and stop therapy in cases of colonisation. The authors also distributed the same survey as a follow-up 6-month survey (post-survey) in March 2021 to gauge the impact of their virtual education efforts.
Results: In total, 109 nurses working in the adult in-patient setting of the authors’ institution completed the pre-survey in September 2020, and 64 nurses completed the post-survey in March 2021. Overall, most nurses had a positive attitude towards AS tasks, and over 90% of those who responded in the pre-survey and post-survey agreed with the statement that nurses are antibiotic stewards, thought it was important or very important to obtain appropriate cultures, and understood the relationship between Clostridioides difficile and antibiotics. Most pre-survey respondents listed knowledge gaps in microbiology (47 out of 64 [86%]) and antibiotics (53 out of 64 [84%]) as well as scope of practice concerns (48 out of 64 [75%]) as barriers to nurse participation. The virtual education helped raise the familiarity with the ASP and more nurses in the post-survey said they were familiar with the stewardship programme compared with the pre-survey (48.4% versus 23.2%; p=0.001).
Conclusions: This study showed that most nurses consider themselves antibiotic stewards and want to participate in AS activities; however, barriers to nursing involvement, such as lack of knowledge, scope of practice concerns, and time constraints, persist. Virtual education may be an option to increase nursing awareness and participation on ASPs in resource-limited settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radhika S. Polisetty
- Department of Pharmacy, Northwestern Medicine Central DuPage Hospital, Winfield, Illinois, USA; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Midwestern University College of Pharmacy, Downers Grove Campus, Illinois, USA
| | - Jaime Borkowski
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern Medicine Delnor Hospital, Geneva, Illinois, USA
| | - Dorothy Georges
- Medical Care Center, Northwestern Medicine Central DuPage Hospital, Winfield, Illinois, USA; Department of Professional Practice, Northwestern Medicine Central DuPage Hospital, Winfield, Illinois, USA
| | - Stacy Mowers
- Department of Professional Practice, Northwestern Medicine Central DuPage Hospital, Winfield, Illinois, USA
| | - Charlotte Bolch
- Office of Research and Sponsored Programs, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, USA
| | - Ana Quiñones-Boex
- Midwestern University College of Pharmacy, Downers Grove Campus, Illinois, USA
| | - Milena Murray
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Midwestern University College of Pharmacy, Downers Grove Campus, Illinois, USA; Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|