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Makurat-Kasprolewicz B, Ossowska A. Electrophoretically deposited titanium and its alloys in biomedical engineering: Recent progress and remaining challenges. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2024; 112:e35342. [PMID: 37905698 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, titanium implants have gained popularity as the number of performed implantation operations has significantly increased. There are a number of methods for modifying the surface of biomaterials, which are aimed at extending the life of titanium implants. The developments in this field in recent years have required a comprehensive discussion of all the properties of electrophoretically deposited coatings on titanium and its alloys, taking into account their bioactivity. The development that took place in this field in recent years required a comprehensive discussion of all the properties of coatings electrophoretically deposited on titanium and its alloys, with particular emphasis on their bioactivity. Herein, we attempt to assess the influence of the electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process parameters on these coatings' biological and mechanical properties. Particular attention has been addressed to the in-vitro and in-vivo studies conducted hitherto. We have seen an increased interest in using titanium alloys without the addition of toxic compounds and gaps in the EPD field such as the uncommon endeavors to develop a "Design of experiments" approach as well as the lack of assessment of the surface free energy and detailed topography of electrophoretically deposited coatings. The exact correlation of coating properties with EPD process parameters still seems explicitly not understood, necessitating more future investigations. Ipso facto, the exact mechanism of particle agglomeration and Hamaker's law need to be fathomable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agnieszka Ossowska
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
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2
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Zhu M, Zhang R, Mao Z, Fang J, Ren F. Topographical biointerface regulating cellular functions for bone tissue engineering. BIOSURFACE AND BIOTRIBOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics Stomatology Center Peking University Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Zhixiang Mao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Ju Fang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Fuzeng Ren
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China
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Antimicrobial Properties of Strontium Functionalized Titanium Surfaces for Oral Applications, A Systematic Review. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11070810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to assess the current scientific evidence of the antimicrobial potential of strontium (Sr) when used to functionalize titanium (Ti) for oral applications. Out of an initial list of 1081 potentially relevant publications identified in three electronic databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane) up to 1 February 2021, nine publications based on in vitro studies met the inclusion criteria. The antimicrobial potential of Sr was investigated on different types of functionalized Ti substrates, employing different application methods. Nine studies reported on the early, i.e., 6–24 h, and two studies on the late, i.e., 7–28 days, antimicrobial effect of Sr, primarily against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and/or Escherichia coli (E. coli). Sr-modified samples demonstrated relevant early antimicrobial potential against S. aureus in three studies; only one of which presented statistical significance values, while the other two presented only the percentage of antimicrobial rate and biofilm inhibition. A relevant late biofilm inhibition potential against S. aureus of 40% and 10%—after 7 and 14 days, respectively—was reported in one study. Combining Sr with other metal ions, i.e., silver (Ag), zinc (Zn), and fluorine (F), demonstrated a significant antimicrobial effect and biofilm inhibition against both S. aureus and E. coli. Sr ion release within the first 24 h was generally low, i.e., below 50 µg/L and 0.6 ppm; however, sustained Sr ion release for up to 30 days, while maintaining up to 90% of its original content, was also demonstrated. Thus, in most studies included herein, Sr-functionalized Ti showed a limited immediate (i.e., 24 h) antimicrobial effect, likely due to a low Sr ion release; however, with an adequate Sr ion release, a relevant antimicrobial effect, as well as a biofilm inhibition potential against S. aureus—but not E. coli—was observed at both early and late timepoints. Future studies should assess the antimicrobial potential of Ti functionalized with Sr against multispecies biofilms associated with peri-implantitis.
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Li Z, He Y, Klausen LH, Yan N, Liu J, Chen F, Song W, Dong M, Zhang Y. Growing vertical aligned mesoporous silica thin film on nanoporous substrate for enhanced degradation, drug delivery and bioactivity. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:1452-1463. [PMID: 33251381 PMCID: PMC7670213 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous silica thin film has been widely used in various fields, particularly the medical implant coating for drug delivery. However, some drawbacks remain with the films produced by traditional method (evaporation-induced self-assembly, EISA), such as the poor permeability caused by their horizontal aligned mesochannels. In this study, the vertical aligned mesoporous silica thin film (VMSTF) is uniformly grown alongside the walls of titania nanotubes array via a biphase stratification growth method, resulting in a hierarchical two-layered nanotubular structure. Due to the exposure of opened mesopores, VMSTF exhibits more appealing performances, including rapid degradation, efficient small-molecular drug (dexamethasone) loading and release, enhanced early adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. This is the first time successfully depositing VMSTF on nanoporous substrate and our findings suggest that the VMSTF may be a promising candidate for bone implant surface coating to obtain bioactive performances.
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Key Words
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase
- DEX, dexamethasone
- Drug delivery
- HAP, hydroxylapatite nanoparticles
- HMSTF, hybrid organic-inorganic MSTF
- MSTF, mesoporous silica thin film
- Mesoporous silica film
- OCN, osteocalcin
- OPN, osteopontin
- Osteoblasts
- PMSTF, parallel aligned MSTF
- PT, polished titanium
- RUNX2, runt-related transcription factor 2
- TNN, titania nanonet
- TNT, titania nanotube
- Titania nanotubes array
- Ti–OH, hydroxylated titanium
- VMSTF, vertical aligned MSTF
- Vertical aligned mesochannels
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yide He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | | | - Ning Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fanghao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Mingdong Dong
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Yumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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van Hengel IAJ, Laçin M, Minneboo M, Fratila-Apachitei LE, Apachitei I, Zadpoor AA. The effects of plasma electrolytically oxidized layers containing Sr and Ca on the osteogenic behavior of selective laser melted Ti6Al4V porous implants. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 124:112074. [PMID: 33947566 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Surface biofunctionalization is frequently applied to enhance the functionality and longevity of orthopedic implants. Here, we investigated the osteogenic effects of additively manufactured porous Ti6Al4V implants whose surfaces were biofunctionalized using plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) in Ca/P-based electrolytes with or without strontium. Various levels of Sr and Ca were incorporated in the oxide layers by using different current densities and oxidation times. Increasing the current density and oxidation time resulted in thicker titanium oxide layers and enhanced the release of Ca2+ and Sr2+. Biofunctionalization with strontium resulted in enhanced pore density, a thinner TiO2 layer, four-fold reduced release of Ca2+, and mainly anatase phases as compared to implants biofunctionalized in electrolytes containing solely Ca/P species under otherwise similar conditions. Different current densities and oxidation times significantly increased the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells on implants biofunctionalized with strontium, when the PEO treatment was performed with a current density of 20 A/dm2 for 5 and 10 min as well as for a current density of 40 A/dm2 for 5 min. Therefore, addition of Sr in the PEO electrolyte and control of the PEO processing parameters represent a promising way to optimize the surface morphology and osteogenic activity of future porous AM implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A J van Hengel
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands.
| | - M Laçin
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - M Minneboo
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - L E Fratila-Apachitei
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - I Apachitei
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
| | - A A Zadpoor
- Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands
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Zn- or Cu-containing CaP-Based Coatings Formed by Micro-Arc Oxidation on Titanium and Ti-40Nb Alloy: Part II-Wettability and Biological Performance. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13194366. [PMID: 33008055 PMCID: PMC7579516 DOI: 10.3390/ma13194366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the wettability and biological performance of Zn- and Cu-containing CaP-based coatings prepared by micro-arc oxidation on pure titanium (Ti) and novel Ti-40Nb alloy. Good hydrophilic properties of all the coatings were demonstrated by the low contact angles with liquids, not exceeding 45°. An increase in the applied voltage led to an increase of the coating roughness and porosity, thereby reducing the contact angles to 6° with water and to 17° with glycerol. The free surface energy of 75 ± 3 mJ/m2 for all the coatings were determined. Polar component was calculated as the main component of surface energy, caused by the presence of strong polar PO43− and OH− bonds. In vitro studies showed that low Cu and Zn amounts (~0.4 at.%) in the coatings promoted high motility of human adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMMSC) on the implant/cell interface and subsequent cell ability to differentiate into osteoblasts. In vivo study demonstrated 100% ectopic bone formation only on the surface of the CaP coating on Ti. The Zn- and Cu-containing CaP coatings on both substrates and the CaP coating on the Ti-40Nb alloy slightly decreased the incidence of ectopic osteogenesis down to 67%. The MAO coatings showed antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and can be arranged as follows: Zn-CaP/Ti > Cu-CaP/TiNb, Zn-CaP/TiNb > Cu-CaP/Ti.
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Wu K, Liu M, Li N, Zhang L, Meng F, Zhao L, Liu M, Zhang Y. Chitosan-miRNA functionalized microporous titanium oxide surfaces via a layer-by-layer approach with a sustained release profile for enhanced osteogenic activity. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:127. [PMID: 32907598 PMCID: PMC7487814 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00674-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biofunctionalization of titanium implants for high osteogenic ability is a promising approach for the development of advanced implants to promote osseointegration, especially in compromised bone conditions. In this study, polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) were fabricated using the layer-by-layer approach with a chitosan-miRNA (CS-miRNA) complex and sodium hyaluronate (HA) as the positively and negatively charged polyelectrolytes on microarc-oxidized (MAO) Ti surfaces via silane-glutaraldehyde coupling. METHODS Dynamic contact angle and scanning electron microscopy measurements were conducted to monitor the layer accumulation. RiboGreen was used to quantify the miRNA loading and release profile in phosphate-buffered saline. The in vitro transfection efficiency and the cytotoxicity were investigated after seeding mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the CS-antimiR-138/HA PEM-functionalized microporous Ti surface. The in vitro osteogenic differentiation of the MSCs and the in vivo osseointegration were also evaluated. RESULTS The surface wettability alternately changed during the formation of PEMs. The CS-miRNA nanoparticles were distributed evenly across the MAO surface. The miRNA loading increased with increasing bilayer number. More importantly, a sustained miRNA release was obtained over a timeframe of approximately 2 weeks. In vitro transfection revealed that the CS-antimiR-138 nanoparticles were taken up efficiently by the cells and caused significant knockdown of miR-138 without showing significant cytotoxicity. The CS-antimiR-138/HA PEM surface enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in terms of enhanced alkaline phosphatase, collagen production and extracellular matrix mineralization. Substantially enhanced in vivo osseointegration was observed in the rat model. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrated that the novel CS-antimiR-138/HA PEM-functionalized microporous Ti implant exhibited sustained release of CS-antimiR-138, and notably enhanced the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and in vivo osseointegration. This novel miRNA-functionalized Ti implant may be used in the clinical setting to allow for more effective and robust osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaimin Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Navy 971st Hospital, No. 22 Minjiang Road, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- Oral Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Nan Li
- Third Department of Cadre's Ward, Navy 971st Hospital, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Fanhui Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lingzhou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Navy 971st Hospital, No. 22 Minjiang Road, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Yumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Thaik N, Sangkert S, Meesane J, Kooptarnond K, Khangkhamano M. Bioactive surface-modified Ti with titania nanotube arrays to design endoprosthesis for maxillofacial surgery: structural formation, morphology, physical properties and osseointegration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 15:035018. [PMID: 32053809 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab763c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Modification of the surface of titanium into titania (TiO2) nanotube (TNT) arrays was performed by electrochemical anodization to design an endoprosthesis for maxillofacial surgery. TNT arrays with different surface structures were successfully coated on titanium substrates by varying the anodizing voltages and annealed at 450 °C for 4 h. The phase composition and morphology of the nanotubes were examined by x-ray powder diffraction and field-emission scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The biological functions and water wettability of various surface structures were also investigated. The results demonstrated that the annealed nanotubes were composed of an anatase phase only at all applied voltages. The tube diameters and lengths increased as the voltage increased. The surfaces with modification had more wettability, cell adhesion, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition than the surfaces without modification. Finally, the results demonstrated that a modified surface of titanium to produce TNT arrays as a biomaterial is promising to design an osseointegrated surface of endoprosthesis for maxillofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyein Thaik
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
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Zhou X, Atsuta I, Ayukawa Y, Narimatsu I, Zhou T, Hu J, Koyano K. Effects of Different Divalent Cation Hydrothermal Treatments of Titanium Implant Surfaces for Epithelial Tissue Sealing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E2038. [PMID: 32349433 PMCID: PMC7254254 DOI: 10.3390/ma13092038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The improvement of peri-implant epithelium (PIE) adhesion to titanium (Ti) may promote Ti dental implant stability. This study aims to investigate whether there is a positive effect of Ti hydrothermally treated (HT) with calcium chloride (CaCl2), zinc chloride (ZnCl2), and strontium chloride (SrCl2) on promoting PIE sealing. We analyzed the response of a rat oral epithelial cell (OEC) culture and performed an in vivo study in which the maxillary right first molars of rats were extracted and replaced with calcium (Ca)-HT, zinc (Zn)-HT, strontium (Sr)-HT, or non-treated control (Cont) implants. The OEC adhesion on Ca-HT and Zn-HT Ti plates had a higher expression of adhesion proteins than cells on the Cont and Sr-HT Ti plates. Additionally, the implant PIE of the Ca-HT and Zn-HT groups revealed better expression of immunoreactive laminin-332 (Ln-322) at 2 weeks after implantation. The Ca-HT and Zn-HT groups also showed better attachment at the implant-PIE interface, which inhibited horseradish peroxidase penetration. These results demonstrated that the divalent cations of Ca (Ca2+) and Zn (Zn2+)-HT improve the integration of epithelium around the implant, which may facilitate the creation of a soft barrier around the implant to protect it from foreign body penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudiyang Zhou
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.Z.); (I.N.); (T.Z.); (J.H.); (K.K.)
| | - Ikiru Atsuta
- Division of Advanced Dental Devices and Therapeutics, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.Z.); (I.N.); (T.Z.); (J.H.); (K.K.)
| | - Ikue Narimatsu
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.Z.); (I.N.); (T.Z.); (J.H.); (K.K.)
| | - Tianren Zhou
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.Z.); (I.N.); (T.Z.); (J.H.); (K.K.)
| | - Jiangqi Hu
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.Z.); (I.N.); (T.Z.); (J.H.); (K.K.)
| | - Kiyoshi Koyano
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (X.Z.); (I.N.); (T.Z.); (J.H.); (K.K.)
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Nguyen TDT, Jang YS, Kim YK, Kim SY, Lee MH, Bae TS. Osteogenesis-Related Gene Expression and Guided Bone Regeneration of a Strontium-Doped Calcium-Phosphate-Coated Titanium Mesh. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:6715-6724. [PMID: 33423489 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration using a perforated titanium membrane is actively used in oral and orthopedic surgeries to provide space for the subsequent filling of a new bone in the case of bone defects and to achieve proper bone augmentation and reconstruction. The surface modification of a titanium membrane using a strontium-substituted calcium phosphate coating has become a popular trend to provide better bioactivity and biocompatibility on the membrane for improving the bone regeneration because strontium can stimulate not only the differentiation of osteoblasts but also inhibit the differentiation of osteoclasts. The strontium-doped calcium phosphate coating on the titanium mesh was formed by the cyclic precalcification method, and its effects on bone regeneration were evaluated by in vitro analysis of osteogenesis-related gene expression and in vivo evaluation of osteogenesis of the titanium mesh using the rat calvarial defect model in this study. It was identified that the strontium-doped calcium phosphate-treated mesh showed a higher expression of all genes related to osteogenesis in the osteoblast cells and resulted in new bone formation with better osseointegration with the mesh in the rat calvarial defect, in comparison with the results of untreated and calcium phosphate-treated meshes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy-Duong Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Odonto-Stomatology, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, 06 Ngo Quyen Street, Hue City, Thua Thien Hue 530000, Vietnam
| | - Yong-Seok Jang
- Department of Dental Biomaterials and Institute of Biodegradable Material, Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 Plus Project, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea
| | - Yu-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Dental Biomaterials and Institute of Biodegradable Material, Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 Plus Project, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea
| | - Seo-Young Kim
- Department of Dental Biomaterials and Institute of Biodegradable Material, Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 Plus Project, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea
| | - Min-Ho Lee
- Department of Dental Biomaterials and Institute of Biodegradable Material, Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 Plus Project, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Bae
- Department of Dental Biomaterials and Institute of Biodegradable Material, Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 Plus Project, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Jeollabuk-do, South Korea
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Steffi C, Shi Z, Kong CH, Chong SW, Wang D, Wang W. Use of Polyphenol Tannic Acid to Functionalize Titanium with Strontium for Enhancement of Osteoblast Differentiation and Reduction of Osteoclast Activity. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1256. [PMID: 31362449 PMCID: PMC6723407 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Implant anchorage remains a challenge, especially in porous osteoporotic bone with high osteoclast activity. The implant surface is modified with osteogenic molecules to stimulate osseointegration. Strontium (Sr) is known for its osteogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic effects. In this study, Sr was immobilized on a titanium (Ti) surface using bioinspired polyphenol tannic acid (pTAN) coating as an ad-layer (Ti-pTAN). Two separate coating techniques were employed for comparative analysis. In the first technique, Ti was coated with a tannic acid solution containing Sr (Ti-pTAN-1Stp). In the second method, Ti was first coated with pTAN, before being immersed in a SrCl2 solution to immobilize Sr on Ti-pTAN (Ti-pTAN-2Stp). Ti-pTAN-1Stp and Ti-pTAN-2Stp augmented the alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen secretion, osteocalcin production and calcium deposition of MC3T3-E1 cells as compared to those of Ti and Ti-pTAN. However, osteoclast differentiation of RAW 264.7, as studied by TRAP activity, total DNA, and multinucleated cell formation, were decreased on Ti-pTAN, Ti-pTAN-1Stp and Ti-pTAN-2Stp as compared to Ti. Of all the substrates, osteoclast activity on Ti-pTAN-2Stp was the lowest. Hence, an economical and simple coating technique using pTAN as an adlayer preserved the dual biological effects of Sr. These results indicate a promising new approach to tailoring the cellular responses of implant surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Steffi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Zhilong Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Chee Hoe Kong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Sue Wee Chong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Wilson Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block Level 11, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
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Zemtsova EG, Yudintceva NM, Morozov PE, Valiev RZ, Smirnov VM, Shevtsov MA. Improved osseointegration properties of hierarchical microtopographic/nanotopographic coatings fabricated on titanium implants. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:2175-2188. [PMID: 29692612 PMCID: PMC5903495 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s161292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Titanium (Ti) implants are extensively used in reconstructive surgery and orthopedics. However, the intrinsic inertness of untreated Ti implants usually results in insufficient osseointegration. In order to improve the osteoconductivity properties of the implants, they are coated with hierarchical microtopographic/nanotopographic coatings employing the method of molecular layering of atomic layer deposition (ML-ALD). Results The analysis of the fabricated nanostructured relief employing scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis clearly demonstrated the formation of the nanotopographic (<100 nm) and microtopographic (0.1–0.5 μm) titano-organic structures on the surface of the nanograined Ti implants. Subsequent coincubation of the MC3T3-E1 mouse osteoblasts on the microtopographic/nanotopographic surface of the implants resulted in enhanced osteogenic cell differentiation (the production of alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, and osteocalcin). In vivo assessment of the osseointegrative properties of the microtopographically/nanotopographically coated implants in a model of below-knee amputation in New Zealand rabbits demonstrated enhanced new bone formation in the zone of the bone–implant contact (as measured by X-ray study) and increased osseointegration strength (removal torque measurements). Conclusion The fabrication of the hierarchical microtopographic/nanotopographic coatings on the nanograined Ti implants significantly improves the osseointegrative properties of the intraosseous Ti implants. This effect could be employed in both translational and clinical studies in orthopedic and reconstructive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia M Yudintceva
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Maxim A Shevtsov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St Petersburg, Russia.,Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St Petersburg, Russia.,Polenov Russian Scientific Research Institute of Neurosurgery, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St Petersburg, Russia.,Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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13
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Offermanns V, Andersen OZ, Sillassen M, Almtoft KP, Andersen IH, Kloss F, Foss M. A comparative in vivo study of strontium-functionalized and SLActive™ implant surfaces in early bone healing. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:2189-2197. [PMID: 29692613 PMCID: PMC5903483 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s161061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Studies have shown that strontium-doped medical applications benefit bone metabolism leading to improved bone healing and osseointegration. Based on this knowledge, the aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of an implant surface, functionalized by a physical vapor deposition (PVD) coating (Ti-Sr-O), designed to yield predictable release of strontium. The Ti-Sr-O functionalized surface is compared to a routinely used, commercially available surface (SLActive™) with respect to bone-to-implant contact (BIC%) and new bone formation (BF%) in two defined regions of interest (ROI-I and ROI-II, respectively). Materials and methods: Ti-Sr-O functionalized, SLActive, and Grade 4 titanium implants were inserted in the femoral condyle of adult male New Zealand White rabbits. The PVD magnetron-sputtered Ti-Sr-O surface coating was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphology and coating thickness. Strontium release and mechanical stability of the coating, under simulated insertion conditions, were evaluated. Furthermore, histomorphometrical BIC and BF were carried out 2 weeks after insertion. Results Histomorphometry revealed increased bone formation of Ti-Sr-O with significant differences compared to SLActive and Grade 4 titanium in both regions of interest, ROI-I and ROI-II, at 0–250 µm and 250–500 µm distance from the implant surfaces. Analogous results of bone-to-implant contact were observed for the two modified surfaces. Conclusion The results show that a nanopatterned Ti-Sr-O functionalized titanium surface, with sustained release of strontium, increases peri-implant bone volume and could potentially contribute to enhancement of bone anchorage of osseointegrated implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Offermanns
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ole Z Andersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Sillassen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Klaus P Almtoft
- Tribology Center, Danish Technological Institute, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Inge H Andersen
- Tribology Center, Danish Technological Institute, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Morten Foss
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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14
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Effect of titanium implants with strontium incorporation on bone apposition in animal models: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15563. [PMID: 29138499 PMCID: PMC5686172 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy of titanium (Ti) implant surfaces with or without strontium (Sr) incorporation on osseointegration in animal experimental studies. An electronic search was conducted using databases of PubMed and EMBASE up to November 2016 to identify studies focusing on osseointegration of strontium-modified titanium implants following PRISMA criteria. The primary outcome was the percentage of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) around the implants with or without strontium-modified surface. Of the 1320 studies, 17 studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were finally included. A random effect meta-analysis was conducted based on BIC in 17 studies, and the results demonstrated considerable heterogeneity (I² = 79%). A sensitivity analysis found that three studies using the same surface modification method were the major source of the heterogeneity. Therefore, exploratory subgroup analysis was performed. Subgroup one including 14 studies showed a standard mean differences (SMD) of 1.42 (95% CI, 1.13-1.71) with no heterogeneity (I² = 0.0%), while subgroup two including the other three studies showed a SMD of 9.49.95% CI, 7.51-11.47) with low heterogeneity (I² = 0.1%). Sr-modified implants in both subgroups showed significantly higher BIC than unmodified implants (P < 0.01). The results showed a statistically significant effect of Sr-modified titanium implant surfaces on osseointegration and bone apposition in animal models.
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15
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Göttlicher M, Rohnke M, Moryson Y, Thomas J, Sann J, Lode A, Schumacher M, Schmidt R, Pilz S, Gebert A, Gemming T, Janek J. Functionalization of Ti-40Nb implant material with strontium by reactive sputtering. Biomater Res 2017; 21:18. [PMID: 29046823 PMCID: PMC5634847 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-017-0104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surface functionalization of orthopedic implants with pharmaceutically active agents is a modern approach to enhance osseointegration in systemically altered bone. A local release of strontium, a verified bone building therapeutic agent, at the fracture site would diminish side effects, which could occur otherwise by oral administration. Strontium surface functionalization of specially designed titanium-niobium (Ti-40Nb) implant alloy would provide an advanced implant system that is mechanically adapted to altered bone with the ability to stimulate bone formation. METHODS Strontium-containing coatings were prepared by reactive sputtering of strontium chloride (SrCl2) in a self-constructed capacitively coupled radio frequency (RF) plasma reactor. Film morphology, structure and composition were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) was used for the investigation of thickness and growth direction of the product layer. TEM lamellae were prepared using the focused ion beam (FIB) technique. Bioactivity of the surface coatings was tested by cultivation of primary human osteoblasts and subsequent analysis of cell morphology, viability, proliferation and differentiation. The results are correlated with the amount of strontium that is released from the coating in biomedical buffer solution, quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). RESULTS Dense coatings, consisting of SrOxCly, of more than 100 nm thickness and columnar structure, were prepared. TEM images of cross sections clearly show an incoherent but well-structured interface between coating and substrate without any cracks. Sr2+ is released from the SrOxCly coating into physiological solution as proven by ICP-MS analysis. Cell culture studies showed excellent biocompatibility of the functionalized alloy. CONCLUSIONS Ti-40Nb alloy, a potential orthopedic implant material for osteoporosis patients, could be successfully plasma coated with a dense SrOxCly film. The material performed well in in vitro tests. Nevertheless, the Sr2+ release must be optimized in future work to meet the requirements of an effective drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Göttlicher
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center of Materials Research, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center of Materials Research, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yannik Moryson
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center of Materials Research, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Thomas
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Joachim Sann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center of Materials Research, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Schumacher
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Romy Schmidt
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan Pilz
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Annett Gebert
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Gemming
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Janek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center of Materials Research, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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Su Y, Komasa S, Li P, Nishizaki M, Chen L, Terada C, Yoshimine S, Nishizaki H, Okazaki J. Synergistic effect of nanotopography and bioactive ions on peri-implant bone response. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:925-934. [PMID: 28184162 PMCID: PMC5291327 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s126248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Both bioactive ion chemistry and nanoscale surface modifications are beneficial for enhanced osseointegration of endosseous implants. In this study, a facile synthesis approach to the incorporation of bioactive Ca2+ ions into the interlayers of nanoporous structures (Ca-nano) formed on a Ti6Al4V alloy surface was developed by sequential chemical and heat treatments. Samples with a machined surface and an Na+ ion-incorporated nanoporous surface (Na-nano) fabricated by concentrated alkali and heat treatment were used in parallel for comparison. The bone response was investigated by microcomputed tomography assessment, sequential fluorescent labeling analysis, and histological and histomorphometric evaluation after 8 weeks of implantation in rat femurs. No significant differences were found in the nanotopography, surface roughness, or crystalline properties of the Ca-nano and Na-nano surfaces. Bone–implant contact was better in the Ca-nano and Na-nano implants than in the machined implant. The Ca-nano implant was superior to the Na-nano implant in terms of enhancing the volume of new bone formation. The bone formation activity consistently increased for the Ca-nano implant but ceased for the Na-nano implant in the late healing stage. These results suggest that Ca-nano implants have promising potential for application in dentistry and orthopedics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmin Su
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion
| | | | - Peiqi Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Luyuan Chen
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion
| | | | | | | | - Joji Okazaki
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Occlusion
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