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de Andrade B, Renard G, Gennari A, Artico LL, Júnior JR, Kuhn D, Salles PPZ, Volken de Souza CF, Roth G, Chies JM, Yunes JA, Basso LA. Production Process Optimization of Recombinant Erwinia carotovoral-Asparaginase II in Escherichia coli Fed-Batch Cultures and Analysis of Antileukemic Potential. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:34951-34963. [PMID: 39157126 PMCID: PMC11325515 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The aims of this work were to optimize the production of Erwinia carotovoral-asparaginase II enzyme in Escherichia coli by different fed-batch cultivation strategies using a benchtop bioreactor and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of the recombinant enzyme against different acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. The highest enzyme activities (∼98,000 U/L) were obtained in cultures using the DO-stat feeding strategy with induction in 18 h of culture. Under these experimental conditions, the maximum values for recombinant l-asparaginase II (rASNase) yield per substrate, rASNase yield per biomass, and productivity were approximately 1204 U/gglucose, 3660 U/gcells, and 3260 U/(L·h), respectively. This condition was efficient for achieving high yields of the recombinant enzyme, which was purified and used in in vitro antileukemic potential tests. Of all the leukemic cell lines tested, RS4;11 showed the highest sensitivity to rASNase, with an IC50 value of approximately 0.0006 U/mL and more than 70% apoptotic cells. The study demonstrated that the cultivation strategies used were efficient for obtaining high yield and productivity of rASNase with therapeutic potential inasmuch as cytotoxic activity and induction of apoptosis were demonstrated for this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna
Coelho de Andrade
- National
Institute of Science and Technology in Tuberculosis, Research Center
for Molecular and Functional Biology, Pontifical
Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
- Graduate
Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Gaby Renard
- Quatro
G Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento Ltd., Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Adriano Gennari
- Food
Biotechnology Laboratory, Biotechnology Graduate Program, University of Vale do Taquari (UNIVATES), Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul 95914-014, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Luís Artico
- Centro
Infantil Boldrini, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-210, Brazil
- Graduate
Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - José Ricardo
Teixeira Júnior
- Centro
Infantil Boldrini, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-210, Brazil
- Graduate
Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Daniel Kuhn
- Food
Biotechnology Laboratory, Biotechnology Graduate Program, University of Vale do Taquari (UNIVATES), Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul 95914-014, Brazil
| | - Priscila Pini Zenatti Salles
- Centro
Infantil Boldrini, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-210, Brazil
- Graduate
Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Claucia Fernada Volken de Souza
- Food
Biotechnology Laboratory, Biotechnology Graduate Program, University of Vale do Taquari (UNIVATES), Lajeado, Rio Grande do Sul 95914-014, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Roth
- Pontifical
Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Jocelei Maria Chies
- Quatro
G Pesquisa & Desenvolvimento Ltd., Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
| | - José Andrés Yunes
- Centro
Infantil Boldrini, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-210, Brazil
- Department
of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Luiz Augusto Basso
- National
Institute of Science and Technology in Tuberculosis, Research Center
for Molecular and Functional Biology, Pontifical
Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
- Graduate
Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
- Graduate
Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande
do Sul 90619-900, Brazil
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Su Q, Sun Y, Tang Y, Ni N, Ding N. Measurement of enzyme activity of insoluble substrates based on ordered porous layer interferometry and the application in evaluation of thrombolytic drugs. Analyst 2024; 149:1537-1547. [PMID: 38284466 DOI: 10.1039/d3an02054a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The development of innovative methods for real-time surveillance of enzymatic activity determination processes is essential, particularly for insoluble substrate enzymatic assessments. In this work, a novel method for enzymatic activity determination was devised by assembling a 190 nm silica colloidal crystal (SCC) film onto a glass slide, coupled with Ordered Porous Layer Interferometry (OPLI) technology. By fixing the substrate of the enzyme on the surface of the silica sphere, a solid-liquid interface can be formed for monitoring enzymatic activity. The enzymatic activity is gauged by the change in the SCC film's thickness caused by the digestion of the loaded substrate. The procedure of chymotrypsin-mediated casein digestion was documented in real time, facilitating the examination of chymotrypsin's activity and kinetics. The newly-developed enzymatic activity determination method demonstrated exceptional sensitivity towards chymotrypsin activity, with a linear range spanning 0.0505-2.02 units per mg. Additionally, the method was extended to the assessment of fibrinolysis enzyme activity and kinetic analysis, yielding promising results. Therefore, this technique can serve as a real-time, user-friendly, cost-effective novel approach for enzymatic activity determination, providing fresh perspectives for enzymatic activity determination studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Su
- Pharmacy School, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Drug Screening, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Pharmacy School, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Drug Screening, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yanhua Tang
- Pharmacy School, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Drug Screening, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Na Ni
- Pharmacy School, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Drug Screening, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Nian Ding
- Pharmacy School, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Drug Screening, Lianyungang 222005, China
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Omidian H, Mfoafo K. Exploring the Potential of Nanotechnology in Pediatric Healthcare: Advances, Challenges, and Future Directions. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1583. [PMID: 37376032 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The utilization of nanotechnology has brought about notable advancements in the field of pediatric medicine, providing novel approaches for drug delivery, disease diagnosis, and tissue engineering. Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale, resulting in improved drug effectiveness and decreased toxicity. Numerous nanosystems, including nanoparticles, nanocapsules, and nanotubes, have been explored for their therapeutic potential in addressing pediatric diseases such as HIV, leukemia, and neuroblastoma. Nanotechnology has also shown promise in enhancing disease diagnosis accuracy, drug availability, and overcoming the blood-brain barrier obstacle in treating medulloblastoma. It is important to acknowledge that while nanotechnology offers significant opportunities, there are inherent risks and limitations associated with the use of nanoparticles. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the existing literature on nanotechnology in pediatric medicine, highlighting its potential to revolutionize pediatric healthcare while also recognizing the challenges and limitations that need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Omidian
- College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Kwadwo Mfoafo
- College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
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Geng J, Wang Z, Wu Y, Yu L, Wang L, Dong Q, Liu C, Chi Z. Intrinsic specificity of plain ammonium citrate carbon dots for Helicobacter pylori: Interfacial mechanism, diagnostic translation and general revelation. Mater Today Bio 2022; 15:100282. [PMID: 35601896 PMCID: PMC9119834 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The exploitation of carbon dots (CDs) is now flourishing; however, more effort is needed to overcome their lack of intrinsic specificity. Herein, instead of synthesizing novel CDs, we reinvestigated three reported CDs and discovered that plain ammonium citrate CDs (AC-CDs) exhibited surprising specificity for Helicobacter pylori. Notably, we showed that the interfacial mechanism behind this specificity was due to the affinity between the high abundant urea/ammonium transporters on H. pylori outer membrane and the surface-coordinated ammonium ions on AC-CDs. Further, we justified that ammonium sulfate-citric acid CDs also possessed H. pylori-specificity owing to their NH4+ doping. Thereby, we suggested that the incorporation of a molecule that could be actively transported by abundant membrane receptors into the precursors of CDs might serve as a basis for developing a plain CD with intrinsic specificity for H. pylori. Moreover, AC-CDs exhibited specificity towards live, dead, and multidrug-resistant H. pylori strains. Based on the specificity, we developed a microfluidics-assisted in vitro sensing approach for H. pylori, achieving a simplified, rapid and ultrasensitive detection with two procedures, shortened time within 45.0 min and a low actual limit of detection of 10.0 CFU mL−1. This work sheds light on the design of more H. pylori-specific or even bacteria-specific CDs and their realistic translation into clinical practice. Plain ammonium citrate CDs have intrinsic specificity for Helicobacter pylori. Affinity of outer-membrane urea receptors to NH4+ on CDs decides the specificity. The specific CDs coupling microfluidics confers a simplified detection of H. pylori. The mechanism and translation inspire the engineering of bacteria-specific CDs.
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Yonan A, Jacques C, Fletcher T, Suk-In T, Campbell RB. An Overview of Conventional Drugs and Nano Therapeutic Options for the Treatment and Management of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2022; 22:ACAMC-EPUB-122906. [PMID: 36574508 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220426105922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common form of pediatric cancer affecting the lymphoblast, a type of white blood cell found in the bone marrow. In this disease, the normal lymphoblast cells transform into leukemic cells and subsequently enter the bloodstream. Leukemic cells found in patients with ALL have shown differences in cholesterol uptake and utilization. Current treatment consists of chemotherapy, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In addition, minimal residual disease (MRD) has become an effective tool in measuring treatment efficacy and the potential for relapse. Chemotherapy resistance remains a significant barrier in the treatment of ALL. Biomarkers such as an upregulated Akt signaling pathway and an overexpressed VLA-4 integrin-protein have been associated with drug resistance. Nanoparticles have been used to favorably alter the pharmacokinetic profile of conventional drug agents. These drug-delivery systems are designed to selectively deliver their drug payloads to desired targets. Therefore, nanoparticles offer advantages such as improved efficacy and reduced toxicity. This review highlights conventional treatment options, distinctive characteristics of pediatric ALL, therapeutic challenges encountered during therapy, and the key role that nanotherapeutics play in the treatment of ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Yonan
- MCPHS University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences 19 Foster Street Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - Christopher Jacques
- MCPHS University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences 19 Foster Street Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - Tafaswa Fletcher
- MCPHS University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences 19 Foster Street Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - Thanaphorn Suk-In
- MCPHS University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences 19 Foster Street Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - Robert B Campbell
- MCPHS University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences 19 Foster Street Worcester, MA 01608, USA
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Loch JI, Imiolczyk B, Sliwiak J, Wantuch A, Bejger M, Gilski M, Jaskolski M. Crystal structures of the elusive Rhizobium etli L-asparaginase reveal a peculiar active site. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6717. [PMID: 34795296 PMCID: PMC8602277 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27105-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizobium etli, a nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbiont of legume plants, encodes an essential L-asparaginase (ReAV) with no sequence homology to known enzymes with this activity. High-resolution crystal structures of ReAV show indeed a structurally distinct, dimeric enzyme, with some resemblance to glutaminases and β-lactamases. However, ReAV has no glutaminase or lactamase activity, and at pH 9 its allosteric asparaginase activity is relatively high, with Km for L-Asn at 4.2 mM and kcat of 438 s-1. The active site of ReAV, deduced from structural comparisons and confirmed by mutagenesis experiments, contains a highly specific Zn2+ binding site without a catalytic role. The extensive active site includes residues with unusual chemical properties. There are two Ser-Lys tandems, all connected through a network of H-bonds to the Zn center, and three tightly bound water molecules near Ser48, which clearly indicate the catalytic nucleophile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna I Loch
- Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Imiolczyk
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Sliwiak
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Wantuch
- Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bejger
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Gilski
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Jaskolski
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
- Department of Crystallography, Faculty of Chemistry, A. Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland.
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