1
|
Xia T, Yang Y, Li L, Tan Y, Chen Y, Wang S, Ye L, Bao X, Yang J. Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of Trans-ferulic acid-4-β-glucoside in rats by UPLC-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5327. [PMID: 34994004 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Trans-ferulic acid-4-β-glucoside (FAG) is a monomer extracted from Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, which is a potential candidate for the prevention and treatment of the cold injury. To determine the concentration FAG in rats, it is essential to develop an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method. The chromatographic separation was achieved by ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column(2.1×50mm, 1.7μm). A Xevo triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer was used to quantitative determination of FAG in the negative ion mode. The standard calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.1-100 μg/mL and 0.0626-31.28 μg/g for rat plasma and liver tissue homogenates samples, separately. The inter-and intra-batch precision (RSD%) of the assay was ≤ 8.29% and accuracy (RE%) ranged from -7.41 to 10.99%. The matrix effect was between 92.99 and 102.39%. The oral absolute bioavailability of FAG was obtained as 1.80%. The results of tissue distribution suggested that FAG spread rarely in liver and brown adipose, which was not propitious to exert its ability to treat cold injury. In general, the above studies were significant to provide necessary information for further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongchao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University
| | - Yuqi Yang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan University
| | - Le Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University
| | - Yuting Tan
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University
| | - Yuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University
| | - Shengyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University
| | - Liming Ye
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University
| | - Xu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University
| | - Junyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy Sichuan University
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Metformin hydrochloride entrapment in sorbitan monostearate for intestinal permeability enhancement and pharmacodynamics. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20153. [PMID: 34635740 PMCID: PMC8505636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99649-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Penetration enhancement of metformin hydrochloride via its molecular dispersion in sorbitan monostearate microparticles is reported. This represents basic philosophy to maximize its entrapment for maximum penetration effect. Drug dispersion in sorbitan monostearate with different theoretical drug contents (TDC) were prepared. Products showed excellent micromeritics and actual drug content (ADC) increased by increasing TDC. The partition coefficient of the drug products showed huge improvement. This indicates the drug entrapped in the polar part of sorbitan monostearate as a special image which effects on the drug release. The drug permeation profiles from the different products are overlapped with nearly equal permeation parameters. The permeation results suggested the main driving force for improving the drug paracellular pathway is its dispersion in sorbitan monostearate and is independent of ADC. Pharmacodynamic of the products showed a significant improvement than the drug alone at p ˂ 0.05. ANOVA test indicated the insignificant pharmacodynamic difference between the low, middle, and high ADC of the products. An excellent correlation founded between the drug permeation and pharmacodynamic precents. Drug permeation driving force via the paracellular pathway is its entrapment in sorbitan monostearate and independent on ADC. The technique is simple and the products had excellent micromeritics.
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim JS, Din FU, Lee SM, Kim DS, Woo MR, Cheon S, Ji SH, Kim JO, Youn YS, Oh KT, Lim SJ, Jin SG, Choi HG. Comparison of Three Different Aqueous Microenvironments for Enhancing Oral Bioavailability of Sildenafil: Solid Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System, Amorphous Microspheres and Crystalline Microspheres. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:5797-5810. [PMID: 34465992 PMCID: PMC8402991 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s324206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to screen various drug delivery systems for improving the aqueous solubility and oral bioavailability of sildenafil. Three representative techniques, solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS), amorphous microspheres and crystalline microspheres, were compared. Methods Both microspheres systems contained sildenafil:Labrasol:PVP at a weight ratio of 1:1:6. The amorphous microspheres were manufactured using ethanol, while crystalline microspheres were generated using distilled water. Liquid SNEDDS was composed of sildenafil:Labrasol:Transcutol HP:Captex 300 in the ratio of 1:70:15:15 (w:w:w:w). The solidification process in SNEDDS was performed using HDK N20 Pharma as a solid carrier. Results The amorphous microspheres appeared spherical with significantly decreased particle size compared to the drug powder. The crystalline microspheres exhibited a rough surface with no major particle-size difference compared with sildenafil powder, indicating that the hydrophilic excipients adhered to the sildenafil crystal. Solid SNEDDS presented a smooth surface, assuming that the oily liquid was adsorbed to the porous solid carrier. According to the physicochemical evaluation, the crystalline state maintained in crystalline microspheres, whereas the crystal state changed to amorphous state in other formulations. Amorphous microspheres, crystalline microspheres and solid SNEDDS produced about 79, 55, 82-fold increased solubility, compared to drug powder. Moreover, the prepared formulations provided a higher dissolution rate (%) and plasma concentration than did the drug powder (performance order; solid SNEDDS ≥ amorphous microspheres ≥ crystalline microspheres > drug powder). Among the formulations, solid SNEDDS demonstrated the highest improvement in oral bioavailability (AUC; 1508.78 ± 343.95 h·ng/mL). Conclusion Therefore, solid SNEDDS could be recommended as an oral dosage form for enhancing the oral bioavailability of sildenafil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Suk Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Fakhar Ud Din
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sang Min Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Dong Shik Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Mi Ran Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
| | | | - Sang Hun Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Jong Oh Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan, South Korea
| | - Yu Seok Youn
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Kyung Taek Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo-Jeong Lim
- Department of Bioscience and biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Giu Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Han-Gon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang Y, Yu Q, Chen Z, Wu W, Zhu Q, Lu Y. In vitro and in vivo correlation for lipid-based formulations: Current status and future perspectives. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2469-2487. [PMID: 34522595 PMCID: PMC8424225 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid-based formulations (LBFs) have demonstrated a great potential in enhancing the oral absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs. However, construction of in vitro and in vivo correlations (IVIVCs) for LBFs is quite challenging, owing to a complex in vivo processing of these formulations. In this paper, we start with a brief introduction on the gastrointestinal digestion of lipid/LBFs and its relation to enhanced oral drug absorption; based on the concept of IVIVCs, the current status of in vitro models to establish IVIVCs for LBFs is reviewed, while future perspectives in this field are discussed. In vitro tests, which facilitate the understanding and prediction of the in vivo performance of solid dosage forms, frequently fail to mimic the in vivo processing of LBFs, leading to inconsistent results. In vitro digestion models, which more closely simulate gastrointestinal physiology, are a more promising option. Despite some successes in IVIVC modeling, the accuracy and consistency of these models are yet to be validated, particularly for human data. A reliable IVIVC model can not only reduce the risk, time, and cost of formulation development but can also contribute to the formulation design and optimization, thus promoting the clinical translation of LBFs.
Collapse
Key Words
- ANN, artificial neural network
- AUC, area under the curve
- Absorption
- BCS, biopharmaceutics classification system
- BE, bioequivalence
- CETP, cholesterol ester transfer protein
- Cmax, peak plasma concentration
- DDS, drug delivery system
- FDA, US Food and Drug Administration
- GI, gastrointestinal
- HLB, hydrophilic–lipophilic balance
- IVIVC, in vitro and in vivo correlation
- IVIVR, in vitro and in vivo relationship
- In silico prediction
- In vitro and in vivo correlations
- LBF, lipid-based formulation
- LCT, long-chain triglyceride
- Lipid-based formulation
- Lipolysis
- MCT, medium-chain triglyceride
- Model
- Oral delivery
- PBPK, physiologically based pharmacokinetic
- PK, pharmacokinetic
- Perspectives
- SCT, short-chain triglyceride
- SEDDS, self-emulsifying drug delivery system
- SGF, simulated gastric fluid
- SIF, simulated intestinal fluid
- SLS, sodium lauryl sulfate
- SMEDDS, self-microemulsifying drug delivery system
- SNEDDS, self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system
- TIM, TNO gastrointestinal model
- TNO, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research
- Tmax, time to reach the peak plasma concentration
Collapse
|
5
|
Pires PC, Fazendeiro AC, Rodrigues M, Alves G, Santos AO. Nose-to-brain delivery of phenytoin and its hydrophilic prodrug fosphenytoin combined in a microemulsion - formulation development and in vivo pharmacokinetics. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 164:105918. [PMID: 34174414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phenytoin is a low aqueous solubility antiepileptic drug, but its phosphate ester prodrug fosphenytoin is soluble, although less permeable. In a previous study, the intranasal administration of aqueous-based formulations of fosphenytoin led to high but delayed phenytoin bioavailability compared to the intravenous route. In this work, we hypothesized that formulating an association of the prodrug fosphenytoin and the drug phenytoin (the active and diffusible form), could result in a faster and/or more effective brain targeting. Hence, nano or microemulsions containing both active drug and prodrug were developed and characterized regarding viscosity, osmolality, pH, mean size and in vitro drug release. Then, in vivo pharmacokinetics of a selected microemulsion containing fosphenytoin and phenytoin was evaluated in mice following intranasal administration and compared with a similar microemulsion containing fosphenytoin only. Both microemulsions led to higher brain drug levels at short time points than previously developed simpler aqueous based fosphenytoin formulations, likely due to the microemulsion's permeation enhancing effect. In addition, having a small amount of phenytoin in the formulation led to an equivalent maximum brain drug concentration and an overall higher absolute bioavailability, with a prolonged drug exposure. Hence, it can be concluded that if there is a need for a fast and prolonged therapeutic effect, a drug/phosphate ester prodrug combination in a microemulsion is ideal, but if a fast effect is all that is needed, having the prodrug alone could be enough, while considering a formulation with permeation enhancing components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia C Pires
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Ana C Fazendeiro
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Márcio Rodrigues
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Research Unit for Inland Development (UDI-IPG), Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal.
| | - Gilberto Alves
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Adriana O Santos
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abou Assi R, M. Abdulbaqi I, Seok Ming T, Siok Yee C, A. Wahab H, Asif SM, Darwis Y. Liquid and Solid Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SEDDs) as Carriers for the Oral Delivery of Azithromycin: Optimization, In Vitro Characterization and Stability Assessment. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1052. [PMID: 33158058 PMCID: PMC7693798 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Azithromycin (AZM) is a macrolide antibiotic used for the treatment of various bacterial infections. The drug is known to have low oral bioavailability (37%) which may be attributed to its relatively high molecular weight, low solubility, dissolution rate, and incomplete intestinal absorption. To overcome these drawbacks, liquid (L) and solid (S) self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDs) of AZM were developed and optimized. Eight different pseudo-ternary diagrams were constructed based on the drug solubility and the emulsification studies in various SEDDs excipients at different surfactant to co-surfactant (Smix) ratios. Droplet size (DS) < 150 nm, dispersity (Đ) ≤ 0.7, and transmittance (T)% > 85 in three diluents of distilled water (DW), 0.1 mM HCl, and simulated intestinal fluids (SIF) were considered as the selection criteria. The final formulations of L-SEDDs (L-F1(H)), and S-SEDDs (S-F1(H)) were able to meet the selection requirements. Both formulations were proven to be cytocompatible and able to open up the cellular epithelial tight junctions (TJ). The drug dissolution studies showed that after 5 min > 90% and 52.22% of the AZM was released from liquid and solid SEDDs formulations in DW, respectively, compared to 11.27% of the pure AZM, suggesting the developed SEDDs may enhance the oral delivery of the drug. The formulations were stable at refrigerator storage conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reem Abou Assi
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Altun kupri, Kirkuk 36001, Iraq
| | - Ibrahim M. Abdulbaqi
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Altun kupri, Kirkuk 36001, Iraq
| | - Toh Seok Ming
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Chan Siok Yee
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Habibah A. Wahab
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Shaik Mohammed Asif
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
- Pharma Research, Wockhardt Research Center, Aurangabad 431002, India
| | - Yusrida Darwis
- The Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia; (R.A.A.); (I.M.A.); (T.S.M.); (S.M.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pires PC, Santos LT, Rodrigues M, Alves G, Santos AO. Intranasal fosphenytoin: The promise of phosphate esters in nose-to-brain delivery of poorly soluble drugs. Int J Pharm 2020; 592:120040. [PMID: 33157214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Intranasal administration could increase both safety and efficacy of drugs acting on the central nervous system, but low solubility severely limits administration through this route. Phenytoin's prodrug, fosphenytoin, is hydrophilic and freely soluble in water, but less permeable since it is dianionic. We aimed to assess whether this phosphoester prodrug could be a suitable alternative to phenytoin in intranasal delivery. Secondly, we aimed to compare simple formulation strategies in fosphenytoin delivery. Fosphenytoin formulations containing thermosensitive and/or mucoadhesive (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, HPMC) polymers were developed, guided by viscosity, gelling temperatures, osmolality, and in vitro drug release tests. Then, a pharmacokinetic study was performed, comparing an intravenous fosphenytoin solution, an intranasal fosphenytoin solution, and intranasal fosphenytoin mucoadhesive formulations with or without albumin. Formulations containing HPMC allowed high drug strengths, and had a relatively fast release profile, which was not changed by albumin. Intranasal administration of a formulation with HPMC and albumin prolonged drug concentration over time and led to complete or even increased absolute bioavailability. Moreover, phenytoin's blood levels did not reach the high peak obtained with intravenous administration. In conclusion, the use of phosphate ester prodrugs could be an efficient and safe strategy to increase the intranasal bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia C Pires
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Liliana T Santos
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Márcio Rodrigues
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Research Unit for Inland Development (UDI-IPG), Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal.
| | - Gilberto Alves
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Adriana O Santos
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jha SK, Han HS, Subedi L, Pangeni R, Chung JY, Kweon S, Choi JU, Byun Y, Kim YH, Park JW. Enhanced oral bioavailability of an etoposide multiple nanoemulsion incorporating a deoxycholic acid derivative-lipid complex. Drug Deliv 2020; 27:1501-1513. [PMID: 33107339 PMCID: PMC7594851 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1837293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a system for oral delivery of etoposide (ETP) was designed to avoid the problems associated with low and variable bioavailability of a commercially available ETP emulsion comprised of polyethylene glycol, glycerol, and citric acid anhydrous. ETP was complexed with low-molecular-weight methylcellulose (ETP/LMC) and loaded into a water-in-oil-in-water multiple nanoemulsion to formulate an ETP/LMC-nanoemulsion (ELNE). To further enhance the oral bioavailability, an ionic complex formed by anionic lipid 1,2-didecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate (sodium salt) and cationic Nα-deoxycholyl-l-lysyl-methylester was incorporated into ELNE, yielding ELNE#7. As expected, ELNE#7 showed 4.07- and 2.25-fold increases in artificial membrane and Caco-2/HT29-MTX-E12 permeability (Papp), respectively, resulting in 224% greater oral bioavailability compared with the commercially available ETP emulsion. In contrast, inhibition of clathrin- and caveola-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and bile acid transporters by chlorpromazine, genistein, amiloride, and actinomycin D in Caco-2/HT-29-MTX-E12 monolayers reduced the Papp by 45.0%, 20.5%, 28.8%, and 31.1%, respectively. These findings suggest that these routes play important roles in enhancing the oral absorption of ELNE#7. In addition, our mechanistic study suggested that P-glycoprotein did not have an inhibitory effect on the permeation of ELNE#7. Notably, ELNE#7 showed significantly enhanced toxicity in LLC and A549 cells compared with ETP-E. These observations support the improved oral absorption of ETP in ELNE#7, suggesting that it is a better alternative than ETP emulsion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Kumar Jha
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Soo Han
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, BK 21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Laxman Subedi
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Rudra Pangeni
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Chung
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seho Kweon
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Uk Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngro Byun
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hee Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, BK 21 Plus Future Biopharmaceutical Human Resources Training and Research Team, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Park
- Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ye JY, Chen ZY, Huang CL, Huang B, Zheng YR, Zhang YF, Lu BY, He L, Liu CS, Long XY. A Non-Lipolysis Nanoemulsion Improved Oral Bioavailability by Reducing the First-Pass Metabolism of Raloxifene, and Related Absorption Mechanisms Being Studied. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:6503-6518. [PMID: 32922013 PMCID: PMC7457831 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s259993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective A non-lipolysis nanoemulsion (NNE) was designed to reduce the first-pass metabolism of raloxifene (RAL) by intestinal UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) for increasing the oral absorption of RAL, coupled with in vitro and in vivo studies. Methods In vitro stability of NNE was evaluated by lipolysis and the UGT metabolism system. The oral bioavailability of NNE was studied in rats and pigs. Finally, the absorption mechanisms of NNE were investigated by in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) in rats, Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells model, and lymphatic blocking model. Results The pre-NNE consisted of isopropyl palmitate, linoleic acid, Cremophor RH40, and ethanol in a weight ratio of 3.33:1.67:3:2. Compared to lipolysis nanoemulsion of RAL (RAL-LNE), the RAL-NNE was more stable in in vitro gastrointestinal buffers, lipolysis, and UGT metabolism system (p < 0.05). The oral bioavailability was significantly improved by the NNE (203.30%) and the LNE (205.89%) relative to the suspension group in rats. However, 541.28% relative bioavailability was achieved in pigs after oral NNE intake compared to the suspension and had two-fold greater bioavailability than the LNE (p < 0.05). The RAL-NNE was mainly absorbed in the jejunum and had high permeability at the intestine of rats. The results of both SPIP and MDCK cell models demonstrated that the RAL-NNE was absorbed via endocytosis mediated by caveolin and clathrin. The other absorption route, the lymphatic transport (cycloheximide as blocking agent), was significantly improved by the NNE compared with the LNE (p < 0.05). Conclusion A NNE was successfully developed to reduce the first-pass metabolism of RAL in the intestine and enhance its lymphatic transport, thereby improving the oral bioavailability. Altogether, NNE is a promising carrier for the oral delivery of drugs with significant first-pass metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Yun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Li Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Rong Zheng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Feng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ban-Yi Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin He
- School of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Shun Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ying Long
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Akhtar N, Mohammed SA, Khan RA, Yusuf M, Singh V, Mohammed HA, Al-Omar MS, Abdellatif AA, Naz M, Khadri H. Self-Generating nano-emulsification techniques for alternatively-routed, bioavailability enhanced delivery, especially for anti-cancers, anti-diabetics, and miscellaneous drugs of natural, and synthetic origins. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
11
|
Park H, Ha ES, Kim MS. Current Status of Supersaturable Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12040365. [PMID: 32316199 PMCID: PMC7238279 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDSs) are a vital strategy to enhance the bioavailability (BA) of formulations of poorly water-soluble compounds. However, these formulations have certain limitations, including in vivo drug precipitation, poor in vitro in vivo correlation due to a lack of predictive in vitro tests, issues in handling of liquid formulation, and physico-chemical instability of drug and/or vehicle components. To overcome these limitations, which restrict the potential usage of such systems, the supersaturable SEDDSs (su-SEDDSs) have gained attention based on the fact that the inclusion of precipitation inhibitors (PIs) within SEDDSs helps maintain drug supersaturation after dispersion and digestion in the gastrointestinal tract. This improves the BA of drugs and reduces the variability of exposure. In addition, the formulation of solid su-SEDDSs has helped to overcome disadvantages of liquid or capsule dosage form. This review article discusses, in detail, the current status of su-SEDDSs that overcome the limitations of conventional SEDDSs. It discusses the definition and range of su-SEDDSs, the principle mechanisms underlying precipitation inhibition and enhanced in vivo absorption, drug application cases, biorelevance in vitro digestion models, and the development of liquid su-SEDDSs to solid dosage forms. This review also describes the effects of various physiological factors and the potential interactions between PIs and lipid, lipase or lipid digested products on the in vivo performance of su-SEDDSs. In particular, several considerations relating to the properties of PIs are discussed from various perspectives.
Collapse
|