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Van Nguyen A, Deineka VI, Vu ATN, LE TD, Tran-Trung H, Nguyen TA. Inclusion complexes of squalene with beta-cyclodextrin and methyl-beta-cyclodextrin: preparation and characterization. Turk J Chem 2022; 47:294-306. [PMID: 37720860 PMCID: PMC10504019 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0527.3537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work aimed to investigate inclusion complexes of squalene with various cyclodextrins (native β-cyclodextrin and methyl-β-cyclodextrin). The production of squalene-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex was obtained using Response Surface Methodology and obtained inclusion complexes were studied with FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, thermal analysis, and 1H-NMR spectrometry. At the same time, squalene content was determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. All results confirmed that squalene was successfully involved in the cyclodextrin cavities. Optimizing the condition in preparation for the squalen-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex yielded 54.3% with squalene content of 9.01%. The essential difference for the inclusion complex of squalene with methylated beta-cyclodextrin was that no precipitate formed in the initial mixture, and the complex was more efficiently dispersed in water. The conclusions of the inclusion complex formation were confirmed by computer simulation by optimizing the complex geometry using the DFT, MM2, and MP3 methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Van Nguyen
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Victor I Deineka
- Institute of Engineering Technologies and Natural Sciences, Belgorod National Research University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - Anh Thi Ngoc Vu
- Environmental Analysis Laboratory, Southern Branch of Vietnam-Russia Tropical Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tuan Dinh LE
- Department of Chemistry, Hanoi Pedagogical University 2, Vinh Phuc, Vietnam
| | - Hieu Tran-Trung
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education, Vinh University, Vinh City, Nghe An, Vietnam
| | - Tien A Nguyen
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Erythromycin Formulations—A Journey to Advanced Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102180. [PMID: 36297615 PMCID: PMC9608461 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythromycin (ERY) is a macrolide compound with a broad antimicrobial spectrum which is currently being used to treat a large number of bacterial infections affecting the skin, respiratory tract, intestines, bones and other systems, proving great value from a clinical point of view. It became popular immediately after its discovery in 1952, due to its therapeutic effect against pathogens resistant to other drugs. Despite this major advantage, ERY exhibits several drawbacks, raising serious clinical challenges. Among them, the very low solubility in water and instability under acidic conditions cause a limited efficacy and bioavailability. Apart from this, higher doses promote drug resistance and undesirable effects. In order to overcome these disadvantages, during the past decades, a large variety of ERY formulations, including nanoparticles, have emerged. Despite the interest in ERY-(nano)formulations, a review on them is lacking. Therefore, this work was aimed at reviewing all efforts made to encapsulate ERY in formulations of various chemical compositions, sizes and morphologies. In addition, their preparation/synthesis, physico-chemical properties and performances were carefully analysed. Limitations of these studies, particularly the quantification of ERY, are discussed as well.
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Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes with Antibiotics and Antibacterial Agents as Drug-Delivery Systems—A Pharmaceutical Perspective. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071389. [PMID: 35890285 PMCID: PMC9323747 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a family of cyclic oligosaccharides, consisting of a macrocyclic ring of glucose subunits linked by α-1,4 glycosidic bonds. The shape of CD molecules is similar to a truncated cone with a hydrophobic inner cavity and a hydrophilic surface, which allows the formation of inclusion complexes with various molecules. This review article summarises over 200 reports published by the end of 2021 that discuss the complexation of CDs with antibiotics and antibacterial agents, including beta-lactams, tetracyclines, quinolones, macrolides, aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, polypeptides, nitroimidazoles, and oxazolidinones. The review focuses on drug-delivery applications such as improving solubility, modifying the drug-release profile, slowing down the degradation of the drug, improving biological membrane permeability, and enhancing antimicrobial activity. In addition to simple drug/CD combinations, ternary systems with additional auxiliary substances have been described, as well as more sophisticated drug-delivery systems including nanosponges, nanofibres, nanoparticles, microparticles, liposomes, hydrogels, and macromolecules. Depending on the desired properties of the drug product, an accelerated or prolonged dissolution profile can be achieved when combining CD with antibiotics or antimicrobial agents.
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Calcagnile M, Bettini S, Damiano F, Talà A, Tredici SM, Pagano R, Di Salvo M, Siculella L, Fico D, De Benedetto GE, Valli L, Alifano P. Stimulatory Effects of Methyl-β-cyclodextrin on Spiramycin Production and Physical-Chemical Characterization of Nonhost@Guest Complexes. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:2470-2478. [PMID: 30221219 PMCID: PMC6130790 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Spiramycin is a macrolide antibiotic and antiparasitic that is used to treat toxoplasmosis and various other infections of soft tissues. In the current study, we evaluated the effects of α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, or methyl-β-cyclodextrin supplementation to a synthetic culture medium on biomass and spiramycin production by Streptomyces ambofaciens ATCC 23877. We found a high stimulatory effect on spiramycin production when the culture medium was supplemented with 0.5% (w/v) methyl-β-cyclodextrin, whereas α-cyclodextrin or β-cyclodextrin weakly enhanced antibiotic yields. As the stimulation of antibiotic production could be because of spiramycin complexation with cyclodextrins with effects on antibiotic stability and/or efflux, we analyzed the possible formation of complexes by physical-chemical methods. The results of Job plot experiment highlighted the formation of a nonhost@guest complex methyl-β-cyclodextrin@spiramycin I in the stoichiometric ratio of 3:1 while they excluded the formation of complex between spiramycin I and α- or β-cyclodextrin. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements were then carried out to characterize the methyl-β-cyclodextrin@spiramycin I complex and individuate the chemical groups involved in the binding mechanism. These findings may help to improve the spiramycin fermentation process, providing at the same time a new device for better delivery of the antibiotic at the site of infection by methyl-β-cyclodextrin complexation, as it has been well-documented for other bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Calcagnile
- Department of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Department of Engineering
for Innovation, and Department of Cultural Heritage, University
of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Simona Bettini
- Department of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Department of Engineering
for Innovation, and Department of Cultural Heritage, University
of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Damiano
- Department of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Department of Engineering
for Innovation, and Department of Cultural Heritage, University
of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Adelfia Talà
- Department of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Department of Engineering
for Innovation, and Department of Cultural Heritage, University
of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Salvatore M. Tredici
- Department of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Department of Engineering
for Innovation, and Department of Cultural Heritage, University
of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Rosanna Pagano
- Department of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Department of Engineering
for Innovation, and Department of Cultural Heritage, University
of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Marco Di Salvo
- Department of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Department of Engineering
for Innovation, and Department of Cultural Heritage, University
of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luisa Siculella
- Department of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Department of Engineering
for Innovation, and Department of Cultural Heritage, University
of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Daniela Fico
- Department of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Department of Engineering
for Innovation, and Department of Cultural Heritage, University
of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Giuseppe E. De Benedetto
- Department of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Department of Engineering
for Innovation, and Department of Cultural Heritage, University
of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Ludovico Valli
- Department of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Department of Engineering
for Innovation, and Department of Cultural Heritage, University
of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Pietro Alifano
- Department of Biological
and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, Department of Engineering
for Innovation, and Department of Cultural Heritage, University
of Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Electrospinning pectin-based nanofibers: a parametric and cross-linker study. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-018-0649-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Pectin, a natural biopolymer mainly derived from citrus fruits and apple peels, shows excellent biodegradable and biocompatible properties. This study investigated the electrospinning of pectin-based nanofibers. The parameters, pectin:PEO (polyethylene oxide) ratio, surfactant concentration, voltage, and flow rate, were studied to optimize the electrospinning process for generating the pectin-based nanofibers. Oligochitosan, as a novel and nonionic cross-liker of pectin, was also researched. Nanofibers were characterized by using AFM, SEM, and FTIR spectroscopy. The results showed that oligochitosan was preferred over Ca2+ because it cross-linked pectin molecules without negatively affecting the nanofiber morphology. Moreover, oligochitosan treatment produced a positive surface charge of nanofibers, determined by zeta potential measurement, which is desired for tissue engineering applications.
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Sugar-Grafted Cyclodextrin Nanocarrier as a "Trojan Horse" for Potentiating Antibiotic Activity. Pharm Res 2016; 33:1161-74. [PMID: 26792570 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-1861-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of "Trojan Horse" nanocarriers for antibiotics to enhance the activity of antibiotics against susceptible and resistant bacteria is investigated. METHODS Antibiotic carriers (CD-MAN and CD-GLU) are prepared from β-cyclodextrin grafted with sugar molecules (D-mannose and D-glucose, respectively) via azide-alkyne click reaction. The sugar molecules serve as a chemoattractant enticing the bacteria to take in higher amounts of the antibiotic, resulting in rapid killing of the bacteria. RESULTS Three types of hydrophobic antibiotics, erythromycin, rifampicin and ciprofloxacin, are used as model drugs and loaded into the carriers. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the antibiotics in the CD-MAN-antibiotic and CD-GLU-antibiotic complexes for Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii strains, and a number of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus strains, including the methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA), are reduced by a factor ranging from 3 to >100. The CD-MAN-antibiotic complex is also able to prolong the stability of the loaded antibiotic and inhibit development of intrinsic antibiotic resistance in the bacteria. CONCLUSIONS These non-cytotoxic sugar-modfied nanocarriers can potentiate the activity of existing antibiotics, especially against multidrug-resistant bacteria, which is highly advantageous in view of the paucity of new antibiotics in the pipeline.
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Cyclodextrin derivatives as anti-infectives. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2013; 13:717-25. [PMID: 24011515 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrin derivatives can be utilized as anti-infectives with pore-forming proteins as the targets. The highly efficient selection of potent inhibitors was achieved because per-substituted cyclodextrins have the same symmetry as the target pores. Inhibitors of several bacterial toxins produced by Bacillus anthracis, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium botulinum, and Clostridium difficile were identified from a library of ∼200 CD derivatives. It was demonstrated that multi-targeted inhibitors can be found using this approach and could be utilized for the development of broad-spectrum drugs against various pathogens.
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Wang Z, Chen B, Quan G, Li F, Wu Q, Dian L, Dong Y, Li G, Wu C. Increasing the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble carbamazepine using immediate-release pellets supported on SBA-15 mesoporous silica. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:5807-18. [PMID: 23209366 PMCID: PMC3509994 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s37650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND METHODS The aim of this study was to develop an immediate-release pellet formulation with improved drug dissolution and adsorption. Carbamazepine, a poorly water-soluble drug, was adsorbed into mesoporous silica (SBA-15-CBZ) via a wetness impregnation method and then processed by extrusion/spheronization into pellets. Physicochemical characterization of the preparation was carried out by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption, small-angle and wide-angle x-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. Flowability and wettability of the drug-loaded silica powder were evaluated by bulk and tapped density and by the angle of repose and contact angle, respectively. The drug-loaded silica powder was formulated into pellets to improve flowability. RESULTS With maximum drug loading in SBA-15 matrices determined to be 20% wt, in vitro release studies demonstrated that the carbamazepine dissolution rate was notably improved from both the SBA-15 powder and the corresponding pellets as compared with the bulk drug. Correspondingly, the oral bioavailability of SBA-15-CBZ pellets was increased considerably by 1.57-fold in dogs (P < 0.05) compared with fast-release commercial carbamazepine tablets. CONCLUSION Immediate-release carbamazepine pellets prepared from drug-loaded silica provide a feasible approach for development of a rapidly acting oral formulation for this poorly water-soluble drug and with better absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouhua Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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