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Zou B, Xiong Z, Yu Y, Shi S, Li X, Chen T. Rapid Selenoprotein Activation by Selenium Nanoparticles to Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis and Pathological Bone Loss. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2401620. [PMID: 38621414 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Osteoclast hyperactivation stands as a significant pathological factor contributing to the emergence of bone disorders driven by heightened oxidative stress levels. The modulation of the redox balance to scavenge reactive oxygen species emerges as a viable approach to addressing this concern. Selenoproteins, characterized by selenocysteine (SeCys2) as the active center, are crucial for selenium-based antioxidative stress therapy for inflammatory diseases. This study reveals that surface-active elemental selenium (Se) nanoparticles, particularly lentinan-Se (LNT-Se), exhibit enhanced cellular accumulation and accelerated metabolism to SeCys2, the primary active Se form in biological systems. Consequently, LNT-Se demonstrates significant inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, in vivo studies underscore the superior therapeutic efficacy of LNT-Se over SeCys2, potentially attributable to the enhanced stability and safety profile of LNT-Se. Specifically, LNT-Se effectively modulates the expression of the selenoprotein GPx1, thereby exerting regulatory control over osteoclastogenesis inhibition, and the prevention of osteolysis. In summary, these results suggest that the prompt activation of selenoproteins by Se nanoparticles serves to suppress osteoclastogenesis and pathological bone loss by upregulating GPx1. Moreover, the utilization of bioactive Se species presents a promising avenue for effectively managing bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binhua Zou
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zushuang Xiong
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yanzi Yu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Sujiang Shi
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Tianfeng Chen
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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2
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Dwivedi SD, Bhoi A, Pradhan M, Sahu KK, Singh D, Singh MR. Role and uptake of metal-based nanoconstructs as targeted therapeutic carriers for rheumatoid arthritis. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:142. [PMID: 38693915 PMCID: PMC11058151 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03990-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune systemic inflammatory disease that affects the joints and other vital organs and diminishes the quality of life. The current developments and innovative treatment options have significantly slowed disease progression and improved their quality of life. Medicaments can be delivered to the inflamed synovium via nanoparticle systems, minimizing systemic and undesirable side effects. Numerous nanoparticles such as polymeric, liposomal, and metallic nanoparticles reported are impending as a good carrier with therapeutic properties. Other issues to be considered along are nontoxicity, nanosize, charge, optical property, and ease of high surface functionalization that make them suitable carriers for drug delivery. Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) (such as silver, gold, zinc, iron, titanium oxide, and selenium) not only act as good carrier with desired optical property, and high surface modification ability but also have their own therapeutical potential such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic properties, making them one of the most promising options for RA treatment. Regardless, cellular uptake of MNPs is one of the most significant criterions for targeting the medication. This paper discusses the numerous interactions of nanoparticles with cells, as well as cellular uptake of NPs. This review provides the mechanistic overview on MNPs involved in RA therapies and regulation anti-arthritis response such as ability to reduce oxidative stress, suppressing the release of proinflammatory cytokines and expression of LPS induced COX-2, and modulation of MAPK and PI3K pathways in Kuppfer cells and hepatic stellate cells. Despite of that MNPs have also ability to regulates enzymes like glutathione peroxidases (GPxs), thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs) and act as an anti-inflammatory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Devi Dwivedi
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010 India
| | - Anita Bhoi
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G 492010 India
| | - Madhulika Pradhan
- Gracious College of Pharmacy, Abhanpur Raipur, Chhattisgarh 493661 India
| | - Keshav Kant Sahu
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, C.G 492010 India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010 India
| | - Manju Rawat Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010 India
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Zamani B, Taghvaee F, Akbari H, Mohtashamian A, Sharifi N. Effects of Selenium Supplementation on the Indices of Disease Activity, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: a Randomized Clinical Trial. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1457-1467. [PMID: 37477848 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03782-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of selenium supplementation on disease activity, inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial on 59 patients with RA. Participants were randomly divided to receive 200 μg/day of selenium or a placebo for 12 weeks. The disease activity score (DAS.CRP and DAS.ESR), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), fasting blood glucose, lipids, antibodies to cyclic citrullinated protein (anti-CCP), nitric oxide, glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity were assessed. The mean of DAS.CRP and DAS.ESR decreased significantly within both study groups after the intervention. However, the between-group comparisons revealed no significant differences. The CRP levels decreased significantly in the selenium group, and this decrease was near the significance level compared to the placebo (P = 0.05). However, after adjusting for baseline values, the observed difference between groups did not remain significant. In addition, the values of ESR and anti-CCP decreased significantly within the selenium group. Although, between-group comparison did not statistically significant, the change in ESR and anti-CCP in the selenium group was small clinically relevant compared to the placebo [the effect size (95% CI) for ESR: 0.38 (- 0.14, 0.89), and for anti-CCP: 0.32 (- 0.2, 0.83)]. Our study showed that selenium caused a small clinically relevant improvement in some RA biomarkers such as ESR and anti-CCP. Future studies that evaluate the effects of novel forms of supplements such as selenium nanoparticles on the clinical symptoms and biomarkers of RA are suggested. Trial Registration: At www.irct.ir as IRCT20190924044869N1 on 2020-06-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batool Zamani
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Taghvaee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hossein Akbari
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Abbas Mohtashamian
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Sharifi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Basic Science Research Institute, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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4
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Puri A, Mohite P, Maitra S, Subramaniyan V, Kumarasamy V, Uti DE, Sayed AA, El-Demerdash FM, Algahtani M, El-Kott AF, Shati AA, Albaik M, Abdel-Daim MM, Atangwho IJ. From nature to nanotechnology: The interplay of traditional medicine, green chemistry, and biogenic metallic phytonanoparticles in modern healthcare innovation and sustainability. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116083. [PMID: 38163395 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
As we navigate the modern era, the intersection of time-honoured natural remedies and contemporary scientific approaches forms a burgeoning frontier in global healthcare. For generations, natural products have been foundational to health solutions, serving as the primary healthcare choice for 80% to 85% of the world's population. These herbal-based, nature-derived substances, significant across diverse geographies, necessitate a renewed emphasis on enhancing their quality, efficacy, and safety. In the current century, the advent of biogenic phytonanoparticles has emerged as an innovative therapeutic conduit, perfectly aligning with principles of environmental safety and scientific ingenuity. Utilizing green chemistry techniques, a spectrum of metallic nanoparticles including elements such as copper, silver, iron, zinc, and titanium oxide can be produced with attributes of non-toxicity, sustainability, and economic efficiency. Sophisticated herb-mediated processes yield an array of plant-originated nanomaterials, each demonstrating unique physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. These attributes herald new therapeutic potentials, encompassing antioxidants, anti-aging applications, and more. Modern technology further accelerates the synthesis of natural products within laboratory settings, providing an efficient alternative to conventional isolation methods. The collaboration between traditional wisdom and advanced methodologies now signals a new epoch in healthcare. Here, the augmentation of traditional medicine is realized through rigorous scientific examination. By intertwining ethical considerations, cutting-edge technology, and natural philosophy, the realms of biogenic phytonanoparticles and traditional medicine forge promising pathways for research, development, and healing. The narrative of this seamless integration marks an exciting evolution in healthcare, where the fusion of sustainability and innovation crafts a future filled with endless possibilities for human well-being. The research in the development of metallic nanoparticles is crucial for unlocking their potential in revolutionizing fields such as medicine, catalysis, and electronics, promising groundbreaking applications with enhanced efficiency and tailored functionalities in future technologies. This exploration is essential for harnessing the unique properties of metallic nanoparticles to address pressing challenges and advance innovations across diverse scientific and industrial domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet Puri
- AETs St. John Institute of Pharmacy & Research, Palghar, Maharshtra 401404, India
| | - Popat Mohite
- AETs St. John Institute of Pharmacy & Research, Palghar, Maharshtra 401404, India.
| | - Swastika Maitra
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India; Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community and Educational Foundation, Hebasham, Australia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India..
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Daniel E Uti
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Federal University of Health Sciences, Otukpo, Benue State, Nigeria.
| | - Amany A Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Fatma M El-Demerdash
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Algahtani
- Department of Laboratory & Blood Bank, Security Forces Hospital, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damounhour University, Egypt
| | - Ali A Shati
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai Albaik
- Chemistry Department, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Item J Atangwho
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
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Heydarirad G, Mirzaei HR, Gharehgozlou R, Buentzel J, Namazi MR, Pasalar M. Exploring the Effectiveness of Ajwain Cream in Treating Taxane-induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Cancer Patients: A Pilot, Randomised and Double-blind Clinical Trial. Indian J Palliat Care 2024; 30:71-76. [PMID: 38633679 PMCID: PMC11021054 DOI: 10.25259/ijpc_32_2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a common disorder among cancer patients receiving various chemotherapeutic protocols. The present study aimed to explore the feasibility of ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi [L.] Sprague) cream in treating peripheral neuropathy symptoms triggered by taxane chemotherapeutic agents. Materials and Methods This was a pilot, double-blind, and randomised clinical trial on patients with peripheral neuropathy attributable to chemotherapy with taxane drugs during 2021-2022 in Tehran. Patients received ajwain or placebo cream for four weeks and filled out the chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy assessment tool (CIPNAT) at the start and end finale of the trial. Side effects were also noted. Results Thirty patients suffering from breast, lung, gastro-intestinal, or prostate cancer were allocated to each of the drug and placebo groups. The mean difference in CIPNAT score between the groups was 0.83, demonstrating the statistical ineffectiveness of the drug compared with the placebo (P = 0.372). The safety profile showed promising outcomes at the end of the trial. Conclusion Although the effectiveness of ajwain cream was unacceptable in treating chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy symptoms, multicentre controlled trials with ample sample size are mandatory for an all-inclusive inference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Heydarirad
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Gharehgozlou
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Judith Buentzel
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Mohammad Reza Namazi
- Molecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Pasalar
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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6
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Hosseinizadeh Z, Osanloo M, Alipour H, Heiran R, Shahriari-Namadi M, Moemenbellah-Fard MD. Nanoliposomal Trachyspermum ammi (L) sprague essential oil for effective control of malaria mosquito larvae, Anopheles stephensi Liston. Exp Parasitol 2023; 255:108644. [PMID: 37939823 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Controlling mosquito vectors at immature stages using larvicides is a practical strategy to stave off mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria. Developing nanoliposomes bearing essential oil is a promising approach to improving the efficacy and stability of EOs-derived larvicides. The main aim of this investigation was to assess the efficacy of nanoliposome containing Trachyspermum ammi L. EO (TAEO-NL) as a new potential formulation to control Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera, Culicidae) mosquito larvae. The chemical constituents of T. ammi L. essential oil (TAEO) were first investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis; its dominant component (48.22%) was thymol. TAEO-NL with a particle size of 54.6 ± 5 nm and zeta potential of -18 ± 0.5 mV were then prepared using the ethanol injection method. Besides, the successful loading of TAEO was confirmed using Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy analysis. A significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed in the efficacy of TAEO-NL and TAEO with lethal concentration 50% (LC50) values of 14.09 and 59.47 μg/mL against An. stephensi larvae. However, free nanoliposomes show negligible larvicidal effects (<5%). This nano-formulation could thus be suggested as a green product against insects to impede transmission of deadly infectious diseases with possible field applicability scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Hosseinizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - M Osanloo
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences (FUMS), Fasa, Iran.
| | - H Alipour
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS), Shiraz, Iran.
| | - R Heiran
- Estahban Higher Education Center- Shiraz University, Estahban, Iran.
| | - M Shahriari-Namadi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - M D Moemenbellah-Fard
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Biology and Control of Disease Vectors, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS), Shiraz, Iran.
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7
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Sarkar J, Mridha D, Davoodbasha MA, Banerjee J, Chanda S, Ray K, Roychowdhury T, Acharya K, Sarkar J. A State-of-the-Art Systemic Review on Selenium Nanoparticles: Mechanisms and Factors Influencing Biogenesis and Its Potential Applications. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:5000-5036. [PMID: 36633786 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03549-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is a trace element required for the active function of numerous enzymes and various physiological processes. In recent years, selenium nanoparticles draw the attention of scientists and researchers because of its multifaceted uses. The process involved in chemically synthesized SeNPs has been found to be hazardous in nature, which has paved the way for safe and ecofriendly SeNPs to be developed in order to achieve sustainability. In comparison to chemical synthesis, SeNPs can be synthesized more safely and with greater flexibility utilizing bacteria, fungi, and plants. This review focused on the synthesis of SeNPs utilizing bacteria, fungi, and plants; the mechanisms involved in SeNP synthesis; and the effect of various abiotic factors on SeNP synthesis and morphological characteristics. This article discusses the synergies of SeNP synthesis via biological routes, which can help future researchers to synthesize SeNPs with more precision and employ them in desired fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jit Sarkar
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, PIN-700019, India
| | - Deepanjan Mridha
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, PIN-700032, India
| | - Mubarak Ali Davoodbasha
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, PIN-600048, India
| | - Jishnu Banerjee
- Department of Botany, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Khardaha, West Bengal, PIN-700118, India
| | - Sumeddha Chanda
- Department of Botany, Scottish Church College, Kolkata, PIN-700006, India
| | - Kasturi Ray
- Department of Botany, North Campus, University of Delhi, University Road, Delhi, PIN-110007, India
| | - Tarit Roychowdhury
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, PIN-700032, India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, PIN-700019, India.
| | - Joy Sarkar
- Department of Botany, Dinabandhu Andrews College, Kolkata, PIN-700084, India.
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Kaiaty AM, Salib FA, El-Gameel SM, Abdel Massieh ES, Hussien AM, Kamel MS. Emerging alternatives to traditional anthelmintics: the in vitro antiparasitic activity of silver and selenium nanoparticles, and pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract against Haemonchus contortus. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:317. [PMID: 37737938 PMCID: PMC10516797 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03722-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal nematodes, causing health problems and economic losses in ruminants. Nanotechnology holds great promise as a field of science, with potential applications in veterinary medicine. This study investigated the in vitro anthelmintic activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), and pomegranate peel extract (Punica granatum; PPE) on different stages of H. contortus: eggs, larvae, and adults. The in vitro anthelmintic efficacy was evaluated using the egg hatching inhibition assay (EHA), the third larval stage paralysis assay (LPA), and the adult worm motility inhibition assay (WMI). Six dilutions of PPE were utilized for EHA, LPA, and WMI, ranging from 0.25 to 6 mg/ml. AgNPs dilutions ranged from 0.00001 to 1.0 μg/ml for EHA and LPA and 1 to 25 μg/ml for WMI. SeNPs were utilized at dilutions of 1, 5, 10, and 15 μg/ml for EHA, LPA, and WMI. The results showed that the lowest concentration of AgNPs, SeNPs, and PPE significantly inhibited egg hatching. To further assess larvicidal activity, AgNPs at the highest concentration of 1 μg/ml induced a strong larvicidal effect, as did SeNPs at the lowest concentration. On the contrary, PPE displayed a significant larvicidal effect at 1 mg/ml compared to the control. The percentage mortality of adult H. contortus was measured as follows (mortality (%) = the number of dead adult H. contortus/total number of adult H. contortus per test × 100). The death of the adult H. contortus was determined by the absence of motility. Adult H. contortus mortality percentage was also significantly affected by all three agents when compared to the control. The AgNPs, SeNPs, and PPE have effective antiparasitic activity on gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes. These results provide evidence of the excellent antiparasitic properties of AgNPs, SeNPs, and PPE, demonstrating their effectiveness in controlling eggs, larvae, and adult H. contortus in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Kaiaty
- General Organization for Veterinary Services, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fayez A Salib
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 11221, Egypt
| | - Sohila M El-Gameel
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 11221, Egypt
| | - Emil S Abdel Massieh
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 11221, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Hussien
- Toxicology & Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 11221, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 11221, Egypt.
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9
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Xiao X, Deng H, Lin X, Ali ASM, Viscardi A, Guo Z, Qiao L, He Y, Han J. Selenium nanoparticles: Properties, preparation methods, and therapeutic applications. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 378:110483. [PMID: 37044285 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are a unique type of nano-sized elemental selenium that have recently found wide application in biomedicine. It has been shown that the properties of SeNPs can be varied by different fabrication methods. Moreover, SeNPs have various therapeutic effects in medical applications due to their excellent biological and adaptable physical properties. At the same time, SeNPs can be used as a carrier medium for various therapeutic substances, which can bring out the full curative effects of the drugs. In this review, the differences in bioactivity properties of SeNPs prepared from different substances were reviewed; the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of SeNPs in cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, reproductive diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and other diseases were discussed; and the importance of the development of SeNPs was further emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiao
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
| | - Huan Deng
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
| | - Xue Lin
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
| | - Ahmed Sameir Mohamed Ali
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
| | - Angelo Viscardi
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
| | - Ziwei Guo
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
| | - Lichun Qiao
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
| | - Yujie He
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
| | - Jing Han
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, PR China.
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10
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Shen Q, Du Y. A comprehensive review of advanced drug delivery systems for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122698. [PMID: 36754181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic autoimmune disease, is characterized by articular pain and swelling, synovial hyperplasia, and cartilage and bone destruction. Conventional treatment strategies for RA involve the use of anti-rheumatic drugs, which warrant high-dose, frequent, and long-term administration, resulting in serious adverse effects and poor patient compliance. To overcome these problems and improve clinical efficacy, drug delivery systems (DDS) have been designed for RA treatment. These systems have shown success in animal models of RA. In this review, representative DDS that target RA through passive or active effects on inflammatory cells are discussed and highlighted using examples. In particular, DDS allowing controlled and targeted drug release based on a variety of stimuli, intra-articular DDS, and transdermal DDS for RA treatment are described. Thus, this review provides an improved understanding of these DDS and paves the way for the development of novel DDS for efficient RA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiying Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, 2318 Yu-HangTang Road, Hangzhou 311121, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-HangTang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yongzhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-HangTang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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11
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Han Y, Huang S. Nanomedicine is more than a supporting role in rheumatoid arthritis therapy. J Control Release 2023; 356:142-161. [PMID: 36863691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is an autoimmune disorder that affects the joints. Various medications successfully alleviate the symptoms of RA in clinical. Still, few therapy strategies can cure RA, especially when joint destruction begins, and there is currently no effective bone-protective treatment to reverse the articular damage. Furthermore, the RA medications now used in clinical practice accompany various adverse side effects. Nanotechnology can improve the pharmacokinetics of traditional anti-RA drugs and therapeutic precision through targeting modification. Although the clinical application of nanomedicines for RA is in its infancy, preclinical research is rising. Current anti-RA nano-drug studies mainly focus on the following: drug delivery systems, nanomedicines with anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties, biomimetic design with better biocompatibility and therapeutic features, and nanoparticle-dominated energy conversion therapies. These therapies have shown promising therapeutic benefits in animal models, indicating that nanomedicines are a potential solution to the current bottleneck in RA treatment. This review will summarize the present state of anti-RA nano-drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Shilei Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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12
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Zambonino MC, Quizhpe EM, Mouheb L, Rahman A, Agathos SN, Dahoumane SA. Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles in Biomedical Sciences: Properties, Current Trends, Novel Opportunities and Emerging Challenges in Theranostic Nanomedicine. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:424. [PMID: 36770385 PMCID: PMC9921003 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is an important dietary supplement and an essential trace element incorporated into selenoproteins with growth-modulating properties and cytotoxic mechanisms of action. However, different compounds of selenium usually possess a narrow nutritional or therapeutic window with a low degree of absorption and delicate safety margins, depending on the dose and the chemical form in which they are provided to the organism. Hence, selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are emerging as a novel therapeutic and diagnostic platform with decreased toxicity and the capacity to enhance the biological properties of Se-based compounds. Consistent with the exciting possibilities offered by nanotechnology in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases, SeNPs are useful tools in current biomedical research with exceptional benefits as potential therapeutics, with enhanced bioavailability, improved targeting, and effectiveness against oxidative stress and inflammation-mediated disorders. In view of the need for developing eco-friendly, inexpensive, simple, and high-throughput biomedical agents that can also ally with theranostic purposes and exhibit negligible side effects, biogenic SeNPs are receiving special attention. The present manuscript aims to be a reference in its kind by providing the readership with a thorough and comprehensive review that emphasizes the current, yet expanding, possibilities offered by biogenic SeNPs in the biomedical field and the promise they hold among selenium-derived products to, eventually, elicit future developments. First, the present review recalls the physiological importance of selenium as an oligo-element and introduces the unique biological, physicochemical, optoelectronic, and catalytic properties of Se nanomaterials. Then, it addresses the significance of nanosizing on pharmacological activity (pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics) and cellular interactions of SeNPs. Importantly, it discusses in detail the role of biosynthesized SeNPs as innovative theranostic agents for personalized nanomedicine-based therapies. Finally, this review explores the role of biogenic SeNPs in the ongoing context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and presents key prospects in translational nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie C. Zambonino
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hacienda San José s/n, San Miguel de Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Ernesto Mateo Quizhpe
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hacienda San José s/n, San Miguel de Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Lynda Mouheb
- Laboratoire de Recherche de Chimie Appliquée et de Génie Chimique, Hasnaoua I, Université Mouloud Mammeri, BP 17 RP, Tizi-Ouzou 15000, Algeria
| | - Ashiqur Rahman
- Center for Midstream Management and Science, Lamar University, 211 Redbird Ln., Beaumont, TX 77710, USA
| | - Spiros N. Agathos
- Earth and Life Institute, Catholic University of Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Si Amar Dahoumane
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, C.P. 6079, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3A7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, 18, Ave Antonine-Maillet, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
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Lu H, Mei L, Guo Z, Wu K, Zhang Y, Tang S, Zhu Y, Zhao B. Hematological and Histopathological Effects of Subacute Aconitine Poisoning in Mouse. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:874660. [PMID: 35464374 PMCID: PMC9020262 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.874660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aconitine is the principal toxic ingredient of Aconitum, which can cause systemic poisoning involving multiple organs and systems after animal ingestion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aconitine on hematological indices and histological changes in mice. One hundred twenty mice were divided into a control group (normal saline), low-dose group (0.14 μmol/L), middle-dose group (0.28 μmol/L) and high-dose group (0.56 μmol/L), which were continuously lavaged for 30 days. The blood of 10 mice were collected randomly and analyzed by group at the 10th, 20th, and 30th days, and some tissues were collected and stained with hematoxylin-eosin to observe histological changes at the 30th day. Compared with the control group, the organ coefficient (%) of liver, spleen, lungs, and brain of the high-dose group were significantly increased (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). WBC and Gran initially decreased and then increased in each poisoning group, with significant differences in the high-dose group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). RBC, HGB, HCT, and PLT decreased continuously in all groups except the low-dose group at the 20th and 30th days (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Moreover, BUN, ALT and AST increased in each poisoning group, in comparison with the control group, with significant differences except for the low-dose group (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). CRE initially increased and then decreased, the TP and ALB decreased, with significant differences observed in the high-dose and middle-dose groups (p < 0.05). All the mice in the poison-treated groups showed varying degrees of histopathological changes such as degeneration and necrosis of tissues, especially heart and cerebellum. Our data suggest that different doses of aconitine have remarkable effects on hematological and histopathological changes in mice, in a significant time and dose-effect relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Li Mei
- College of Landscape and Architecture and Art, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Ziyu Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Kexin Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yunhao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Shiyu Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yiru Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
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14
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Rehman A, John P, Bhatti A. Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles: Potential Solution to Oxidative Stress Mediated Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Associated Complications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2005. [PMID: 34443836 PMCID: PMC8401564 DOI: 10.3390/nano11082005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic inflammation-mediated disorder having systematic complications. RA triggers a self-directed inflammatory and immunological cascade that culminates in joint destruction. Though a range of treatment options are available, none of them are without adverse effects and this has led researchers to search for alternative solutions. Nanomedicine has emerged as a powerful therapeutic alternative, and selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient trace element that has a crucial role in human health and disease. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) derived from biological sources, such as plants, bacteria, fungi, and proteins, have exhibited remarkable candidate properties and toxicological profiles, and hence have shown potential to be used as antirheumatic agents. The potential of SeNPs can be attributed to the effect of functional groups bound to them, concentration, and most importantly to their nano range size. The antirheumatic effect of SeNPs is considerable due to its potential in amelioration of oxidative stress-mediated inflammation via downregulation of radical and nonradical species, markers of inflammation, and upregulation of inherent antioxidant defenses. The size and concentration impact of SeNPs has been shown in the subsequent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, the article emphasizes the role of these biogenic SeNPs as a notable option in the nanomedicine arena that needs to be further studied as a prospective remedial alternative to cure RA and medication-related adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter John
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (A.R.); (A.B.)
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15
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Ferro C, Florindo HF, Santos HA. Selenium Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: From Development and Characterization to Therapeutics. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100598. [PMID: 34121366 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential element to human health that can be obtained in nature through several sources. In the human body, it is incorporated into selenocysteine, an amino acid used to synthesize several selenoproteins, which have an active center usually dependent on the presence of Se. Although Se shows several beneficial properties in human health, it has also a narrow therapeutic window, and therefore the excessive intake of inorganic and organic Se-based compounds often leads to toxicity. Nanoparticles based on Se (SeNPs) are less toxic than inorganic and organic Se. They are both biocompatible and capable of effectively delivering combinations of payloads to specific cells following their functionalization with active targeting ligands. Herein, the main origin of Se intake, its role on the human body, and its primary biomedical applications are revised. Particular focus will be given to the main therapeutic targets that are explored for SeNPs in cancer therapies, discussing the different functionalization methodologies used to improve SeNPs stability, while enabling the extensive delivery of drug-loaded SeNP to tumor sites, thus avoiding off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudio Ferro
- Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
- Research Institute for Medicines iMed.ULisboa Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon 1649‐003 Portugal
| | - Helena F. Florindo
- Research Institute for Medicines iMed.ULisboa Faculty of Pharmacy Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon 1649‐003 Portugal
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Drug Research Program Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) University of Helsinki Helsinki FI‐00014 Finland
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16
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Qamar N, John P, Bhatti A. Emerging role of selenium in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: An insight on its antioxidant properties. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 66:126737. [PMID: 33740479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis is an inflammatory disease primarily involves the inflamed synovium, affecting about 0.5-1 % population worldwide. It is the assumption from many years that oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of inflammatory disorders like RA and many others. The significance of micronutrients in arthritis is linked to their role as a cofactor for the activation of selenoenzymes. Dietary interventions can manage the clinical symptoms of RA like pain, swelling and tenderness of joints and their associated disability along the progression of disease. This review highlights the antioxidant potential of selenium in treatment of RA along with the scientific evidence that Se supplementation can reduce disease progression by managing its clinical symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Qamar
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Peter John
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Attya Bhatti
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Sector H-12, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
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17
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Urbankova L, Skalickova S, Pribilova M, Ridoskova A, Pelcova P, Skladanka J, Horky P. Effects of Sub-Lethal Doses of Selenium Nanoparticles on the Health Status of Rats. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9020028. [PMID: 33546233 PMCID: PMC7913318 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are fast becoming a key instrument in several applications such as medicine or nutrition. Questions have been raised about the safety of their use. Male rats were fed for 28 days on a monodiet containing 0.5, 1.5, 3.0 and 5.0 mg Se/kg. Se content in blood and liver, liver panel tests, blood glucose, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were analysed. Liver and duodenum were subjected to histopathology examination. The weight gain of rats showed no differences between tested groups. Se content in blood was higher in all treated groups compared to the control group. The liver concentration of Se in the treated groups varied in the range from 222 to 238 ng/g. No differences were observed in the activity of AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and TAS (total antioxidant status). A significant decrease in ALT activity compared to the control group was observed in the treated groups. GPx activity varied from 80 to 88 U/mL through tested groups. SOD activity in liver was decreased in the SeNP-treated group with 5 mg Se/kg (929 ± 103 U/mL). Histopathological examination showed damage to the liver parenchyma and intestinal epithelium in a dose-dependent manner. This study suggests that short-term SeNP supplementation can be safe and beneficial in Se deficiency or specific treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Urbankova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (J.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Sylvie Skalickova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (J.S.); (P.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Magdalena Pribilova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (J.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Andrea Ridoskova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (P.P.)
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Pelcova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (A.R.); (P.P.)
| | - Jiri Skladanka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (J.S.); (P.H.)
| | - Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (L.U.); (M.P.); (J.S.); (P.H.)
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