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Fayez Hassan N, Khaled Ibrahim M, Yousef El Tablawy S, Abd Allah Farrag H. Characterization of Biofilm Producer Nanobacteria Isolated from Kidney Stones of Some Egyptian Patients. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:953-970. [PMID: 34585548 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.953.970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Nanobacteria (NB) appear to contribute to many calcifying diseases including kidney stones which represent a common problem with inadequate prevention exist. NB framing itself with a mineral coat that assists as a primary defence shield against the immune system, antibiotics. This study aims to collect and detect nanobes from different kidney stones from patients with active urolithiasis then investigated the anti-nano-bacterial activity of some antibiotics alone or in combination with extracts of irradiated herbs of certain medicinal plants which will represent a new approach to therapy for patients with kidney stones. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Total of 32 nanobes were isolated from 54 kidney stones. Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that calcium and phosphate are the main components of stones. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), showed that nanobes were Gram-ve cocci with size ranged from (375:600 nm). The biofilm production ability of nanobes was estimated qualitatively and quantitatively. <b>Results:</b> The results revealed that all were strong biofilm producers. Further, the antibiotic susceptibility test indicates their resistance towards most of the tested antibiotics. Molecular identification of the strong biofilm producer isolates by ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) revealed that it is indicated by 85.37% to <i>Bartonella apis</i> strain PEB0122. <b>Conclusion:</b> The findings of the current study evidenced that combination treatment between Doxycycline (DO) and water extract of khella exhibited a significant reduction in biofilm formation ability of the strongest producers nanobes. Therefore, this treatment can play a role in enhancing public health, especially with patients who suffer from recurrent kidney stone formation.
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Shook LL, Buhimschi CS, Dulay AT, McCarthy ME, Hardy JT, Duzyj Buniak CM, Zhao G, Buhimschi IA. Calciprotein particles as potential etiologic agents of idiopathic preterm birth. Sci Transl Med 2017; 8:364ra154. [PMID: 27831903 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aah4707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality and is often preceded by preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) without an identifiable cause. Pathological calcification, the deposition of hydroxyapatite (HA) in nonskeletal tissues, has been implicated in degenerative diseases including atherosclerosis and aneurism rupture. Among pathogenic mechanisms, the aberrant aggregation of HA into calciprotein particles (CPPs) and the HA-induced differentiation of mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts (ectopic osteogenesis) have been implicated. We explored the hypothesis that CPPs form in human amniotic fluid (AF), deposit in fetal membranes, and are linked mechanistically to pathogenic pathways favoring PTB. We demonstrated that fetal membranes from women with idiopathic PPROM frequently show evidence of ectopic calcification and expression of osteoblastic differentiation markers. Concentrations of fetuin-A, an endogenous inhibitor of ectopic calcification, were decreased in AF of idiopathic PPROM cases, which reflected their reduced functional capacity to inhibit calcification. Using long-term cultures of sterile AF, we demonstrated coaggregation of HA with endogenous proteins, including fetuin-A. The fetuin-HA aggregates exhibited progressive growth in vitro in a pattern similar to CPPs. When applied to amniochorion explants, AF-derived CPPs induced structural and functional pathological effects recapitulating those noted for PPROM. Our results demonstrate that disruption of protein-mineral homeostasis in AF stimulates the formation and deposition of CPPs, which may represent etiologic agents of idiopathic PPROM. Therapeutic or dietary interventions aimed at maintaining the balance between endogenous HA formation and fetuin reserve in pregnant women may therefore have a role in preventing PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia L Shook
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Catalin S Buhimschi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Antonette T Dulay
- Center for Perinatal Research, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
| | - Megan E McCarthy
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - John T Hardy
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Christina M Duzyj Buniak
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Guomao Zhao
- Center for Perinatal Research, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
| | - Irina A Buhimschi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. .,Center for Perinatal Research, Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
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Lin XC, Gao X, Lu GS, Song B, Zhang QH. Role of calcifying nanoparticles in the development of testicular microlithiasis in vivo. BMC Urol 2017; 17:99. [PMID: 29084530 PMCID: PMC5663083 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-017-0289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcifying nanoparticles (NPs) have been proven to be associated with a variety of pathological calcification and previously detected in semen samples from patients with testicular microlithiasis (TM). The present study was designed to test the hypothesis if human-derived NPs could invade the seminiferous tubules and induce TM phenotype. METHODS The animals were divided into three groups. Normal saline (0.2 mL) was injected into the proximal right ductus deferens in group A as a control group. The experimental groups, B and C received Escherichia coli (106 cfu/mL, 0.2 mL) and human-derived NPs suspension (0.2 mL), respectively. Rats were euthanized in 2 batches at 2 and 4 weeks. Testicular pathology, ultrastructure and inflammatory mediators were assessed. RESULTS Chronic inflammatory changes were observed at 2 weeks in both groups B and C. Moreover, the innermost layer of sperm cells were structurally impaired and a zone of concentrically layered collagen fibers around the human NPs body was formed in the lumen of the seminiferous tubule in group C only, in which TM phenotype of remarkable calcification surrounded by cellular debris within the seminiferous tubules was built at 4 weeks. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained from our study suggested a potential pathogenic effect of NPs in the development of calcification within the seminiferous tubules, which should be addressed in the future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Cong Lin
- Department of Urology, the 175th Hospital of PLA (Dongnan Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University), Zhangzhou, Fujian, 363000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen-Sheng Lu
- Urological Research Institute of PLA, Southwest hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Song
- Urological Research Institute of PLA, Southwest hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Hua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
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Vordos N, Giannakopoulos S, Gkika DA, Nolan JW, Kalaitzis C, Bandekas DV, Kontogoulidou C, Mitropoulos AC, Touloupidis S. Kidney stone nano-structure - Is there an opportunity for nanomedicine development? Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1521-1529. [PMID: 28130156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney stone analysis techniques are well-established in the field of materials characterization and provide information for the chemical composition and structure of a sample. Nanomedicine, on the other hand, is a field with an increasing rate of scientific research, a big budget and increasingly developing market. The key scientific question is if there is a possibility for the development of a nanomedicine to treat kidney stones. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The main calculi characterization techniques such as X-ray Diffraction and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy can provide information about the composition of a kidney stone but not for its nanostructure. On the other hand, Small Angle X-ray Scattering and Nitrogen Porosimetry can show the nanostructural parameters of the calculi. The combination of the previously described parameters can be used for the development of nano-drugs for the treatment of urolithiasis, while no such nano-drugs exist yet. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE In this study, we focus on the most well-known techniques for kidney stone analysis, the urolithiasis management and the search for possible nanomedicine for the treatment of kidney stone disease. We combine the results from five different analysis techniques in order to represent a three dimensional model and we propose a hypothetical nano-drug with gold nanoparticles. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Recent Advances in Bionanomaterials" Guest Editor: Dr. Marie-Louise Saboungi and Dr. Samuel D. Bader.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Vordos
- Hephaestus Advanced Laboratory, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology, 65404, St. Lucas, Kavala, Greece; Department of Electrical Engineering, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology.
| | - S Giannakopoulos
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - D A Gkika
- University of Antwerp, Applied Economics, Department of Engineering Management, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - J W Nolan
- Hephaestus Advanced Laboratory, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology, 65404, St. Lucas, Kavala, Greece.
| | - Ch Kalaitzis
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - D V Bandekas
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology
| | - C Kontogoulidou
- University of Piraeus, Department of Business Administration, Piraeus, Greece
| | - A Ch Mitropoulos
- Hephaestus Advanced Laboratory, Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology, 65404, St. Lucas, Kavala, Greece
| | - S Touloupidis
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Dragana, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Cenizo Revuelta N, González-Fajardo J, Bratos Pérez M, Álvarez Gago T, Aguirre Gervás B, Vaquero Puerta C. Nanopartículas calcificantes como factor etiológico del desarrollo de hiperplasia y calcificación vascular. ANGIOLOGIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.angio.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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6
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Yaghobee S, Bayani M, Samiei N, Jahedmanesh N. What are the nanobacteria? BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2015.1052761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
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Abrol N, Panda A, Kekre NS, Devasia A. Nanobacteria in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis: Myth or reality? Indian J Urol 2015; 31:3-7. [PMID: 25624568 PMCID: PMC4300568 DOI: 10.4103/0970-1591.134235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Stone formation in the urinary tract is a common phenomenon with associated morbidity. The exact physicochemical factors responsible for stone formation are not clearly known. Over the past decade considerable interest has been generated in defining the role of nanobacteria in urinary stone formation. A review of the available literature has been carried out to give insights into their nature and outline their role in stone formation. The two aspects of nanobacteria that need to be considered include its biological nature and the other merely as mineralo-protein complexes. Though the current literature favors the concept of mineralo-protein particles, further research is needed to clearly define their nature. Whether living or nonliving, these apatite forming nanoparticles appear to play role in kidney stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Abrol
- Department of Urology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arabind Panda
- Department of Urology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nitin S Kekre
- Department of Urology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Antony Devasia
- Department of Urology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zhang M, Yang J, Shu J, Fu C, Liu S, Xu G, Zhang D. Cytotoxicity induced by nanobacteria and nanohydroxyapatites in human choriocarcinoma cells. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:616. [PMID: 25411570 PMCID: PMC4236216 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We explored the cytotoxic effects of nanobacteria (NB) and nanohydroxyapatites (nHAPs) against human choriocarcinoma cells (JAR) and the mechanisms of action underlying their cytotoxicity. JAR cells were co-cultured with NB and nHAPs for 48 h, and ultrastructural changes were more readily induced by NB than nHAPs. Autophagy in the plasma of JAR cells were observed in the NB group. The rate of apoptosis induced by NB was higher than that for nHAPs. The expression of Bax and FasR proteins in the NB group was stronger than that for the nHAP group. NB probably resulted in autophagic formation. Apoptosis was possibly activated via FasL binding to the FasR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Zhang
- Molecular Medicine and Tumor Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinmei Yang
- Molecular Medicine and Tumor Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Shu
- Molecular Medicine and Tumor Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changhong Fu
- The First People’s Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengnan Liu
- Molecular Medicine and Tumor Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge Xu
- Electron Microscopy Group, Department of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dechun Zhang
- Molecular Medicine and Tumor Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400016, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Sakai Y, Nemoto E, Kanaya S, Shimonishi M, Shimauchi H. Calcium Phosphate Particles Induce Interleukin-8 Expression in a Human Gingival Epithelial Cell Line via the Nuclear Factor-κB Signaling Pathway. J Periodontol 2014; 85:1464-73. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.130709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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10
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Chabrière E, Gonzalez D, Azza S, Durand P, Shiekh FA, Moal V, Baudoin JP, Pagnier I, Raoult D. Fetuin is the key for nanon self-propagation. Microb Pathog 2014; 73:25-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Oda E. Overweight and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein are weakly associated with kidney stone formation in Japanese men. Int J Urol 2014; 21:1005-11. [PMID: 24910395 DOI: 10.1111/iju.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate longitudinal relationships between obesity/inflammation and kidney stone formation in a population where obesity is not prevalent. METHODS Using Cox regression models, associations between kidney stone formation and body mass index, waist circumference, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and other possible risk factors were retrospectively examined in a health screening Japanese population including 1726 men and 992 women. RESULTS During 4 years of follow up (mean 3.2 years), kidney stones were formed in 238 men (34.5 per 1000 person-years) and 82 women (20.7 per 1000 person-years). In men, when the possible risk factors were separately examined as continuous parameters, body mass index (P = 0.030) and waist circumference (P = 0.025) were significantly, and log C-reactive protein (P = 0.092) were marginally, associated with kidney stone formation. However, none of these parameters was independently associated with kidney stone formation after fully adjusted. In women, none of the aforementioned three parameters was associated with kidney stone formation. As a categorical parameter, the higher two quintiles of C-reactive protein were significantly associated with kidney stone formation compared with the lower two quintiles in men (P = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Overweight and C-reactive protein are weakly associated with kidney stone formation in Japanese men. Inflammation might be an underlying mechanism of the association between obesity and kidney stone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Oda
- Medical Check-up Center, Tachikawa Medical Center, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan
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12
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Kutikhin AG, Yuzhalin AE, Borisov VV, Velikanova EA, Frolov AV, Sakharova VM, Brusina EB, Golovkin AS. Calcifying nanoparticles: one face of distinct entities? Front Microbiol 2014; 5:214. [PMID: 24904533 PMCID: PMC4033009 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anton G Kutikhin
- Division of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Kemerovo, Russia ; Department of Epidemiology, Kemerovo State Medical Academy Kemerovo, Russia ; Central Research Laboratory, Kemerovo State Medical Academy Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Arseniy E Yuzhalin
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford Oxford, UK
| | - Vadim V Borisov
- Division of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Elena A Velikanova
- Division of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Alexey V Frolov
- Division of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Vera M Sakharova
- Division of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Elena B Brusina
- Division of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Kemerovo, Russia ; Department of Epidemiology, Kemerovo State Medical Academy Kemerovo, Russia
| | - Alexey S Golovkin
- Division of Experimental and Clinical Cardiology, Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases under the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Kemerovo, Russia
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13
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Zhang MJ, Liu SN, Xu G, Guo YN, Fu JN, Zhang DC. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by nanobacteria in human breast cancer cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 9:265-71. [PMID: 24403832 PMCID: PMC3883551 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s54906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The existing evidence that nanobacteria (NB) are closely associated with human disease is overwhelming. However, their potential toxicity against cancer cells has not yet been reported. The objective of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of NB and nanohydroxyapatites (nHAPs) against human breast cancer cells and to elucidate the mechanisms of action underlying their cytotoxicity. Methodology/principal findings NB were isolated from calcified placental tissue, and nHAPs were artificially synthesized. The viability of the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line was tested by using the Kit-8 cell counting kit assay. Apoptosis was examined by transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry. The endocytosis of NB and nHAPs by MDA-MB-231 cells was initially confirmed by microscopy. Although both NB and nHAPs significantly decreased MDA-MB-231 cell viability and increased the population of apoptotic cells, NB were more potent than nHAPs. After 72 hours, NB also caused ultrastructural changes typical of apoptosis, such as chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation, nuclear dissolution, mitochondrial swelling, and the formation of apoptotic bodies. Conclusion/significance In MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells, NB and nHAPs exerted cytotoxic effects that were associated with the induction of apoptosis. The effects exerted by NB were more potent than those induced by nHAPs. NB cytotoxicity probably emerged from toxic metabolites or protein components, rather than merely the hydroxyapatite shells. NB divided during culturing, and similar to cells undergoing binary fission, many NB particles were observed in culture by transmission electron microscopy, suggesting they are live microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-jun Zhang
- Molecular Medicine and Tumor Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-nan Liu
- Molecular Medicine and Tumor Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Xu
- Electron Microscopy Group, Department of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-nan Guo
- Molecular Medicine and Tumor Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-nan Fu
- First People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - De-chun Zhang
- Molecular Medicine and Tumor Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, People's Republic of China
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14
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Alenazy MS, Mosadomi HA. Clinical implications of calcifying nanoparticles in dental diseases: a critical review. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 9:27-31. [PMID: 24376354 PMCID: PMC3865087 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s51538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unknown cell-culture contaminants were described by Kajander and Ciftçioğlu in 1998. These contaminants were called nanobacteria initially and later calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs). Their exact nature is unclear and controversial. CNPs have unique and unusual characteristics, which preclude placing them into any established evolutionary branch of life. AIM The aim of this systematic review was to assess published data concerning CNPs since 1998 in general and in relation to dental diseases in particular. MATERIALS AND METHODS The National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Society of Photographic Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) electronic and manual searches were conducted. Nanobacteria and calcifying nanoparticles were used as keywords. The search yielded 135 full-length papers. Further screening of the titles and abstracts that followed the review criteria resulted in 43 papers that met the study aim. CONCLUSION The review showed that the existence of nanobacteria is still controversial. Some investigators have described a possible involvement of CNPs in pulpal and salivary gland calcifications, as well as the possible therapeutic use of CNPs in the treatment of cracked and/or eroded teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Alenazy
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hezekiah A Mosadomi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Wu CY, Young L, Young D, Martel J, Young JD. Bions: a family of biomimetic mineralo-organic complexes derived from biological fluids. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75501. [PMID: 24086546 PMCID: PMC3783384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineralo-organic nanoparticles form spontaneously in human body fluids when the concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions exceed saturation. We have shown previously that these mineralo-organic nanoparticles possess biomimetic properties and can reproduce the whole phenomenology of the so-called nanobacteria-mineralized entities initially described as the smallest microorganisms on earth. Here, we examine the possibility that various charged elements and ions may form mineral nanoparticles with similar properties in biological fluids. Remarkably, all the elements tested, including sodium, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, strontium, and barium form mineralo-organic particles with bacteria-like morphologies and other complex shapes following precipitation with phosphate in body fluids. Upon formation, these mineralo-organic particles, which we term bions, invariably accumulate carbonate apatite during incubation in biological fluids; yet, the particles also incorporate additional elements and thus reflect the ionic milieu in which they form. Bions initially harbor an amorphous mineral phase that gradually converts to crystals in culture. Our results show that serum produces a dual inhibition-seeding effect on bion formation. Using a comprehensive proteomic analysis, we identify a wide range of proteins that bind to these mineral particles during incubation in medium containing serum. The two main binding proteins identified, albumin and fetuin-A, act as both inhibitors and seeders of bions in culture. Notably, bions possess several biomimetic properties, including the possibility to increase in size and number and to be sub-cultured in fresh culture medium. Based on these results, we propose that bions represent biological, mineralo-organic particles that may form in the body under both physiological and pathological homeostasis conditions. These mineralo-organic particles may be part of a physiological cycle that regulates the function, transport and disposal of elements and minerals in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yeu Wu
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Lena Young
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - David Young
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jan Martel
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - John D. Young
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Kumon H, Matsuura E, Nagaoka N, Yamamoto T, Uehara S, Araki M, Matsunami Y, Kobayashi K, Matsumoto A. Ectopic calcification: importance of common nanoparticle scaffolds containing oxidized acidic lipids. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2013; 10:441-50. [PMID: 24028895 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The term nanobacteria, sometimes referred to as nanobacteria-like particles (NLPs), is presently recognized as a misnomer for inert calcified nanoparticles. However, misinterpretation of its propagation as a living organism still continues. Ultrastructural and elemental analyses, combining immuno-electron microscopy with an original NLP isolate (P-17) derived from urinary stones, and an IgM monoclonal antibody (CL-15) raised against P-17 have now revealed that, oxidized lipids with acidified functional groups were key elements in NLP propagation. Lamellar structures composed of acidic/oxidized lipids provided structural scaffolds for carbonate apatite crystals. During in vitro culture, lipid peroxidation induced by γ-irradiation of FBS was a major cause of accelerated NLP propagation. In pathological tissue samples from hyperlipidemic atherosclerosis-prone mice, CL-15 co-localized with fatty plaques, macrophage infiltrates and osteocalcin staining of aortic valve lesions. These observations indicate that naturally occurring NLP composed of mineralo-oxidized lipids complexes are generated as by-products rather than etiological agents of chronic inflammation. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR The term "nanobacteria-like particles (NLPs)" is presently recognized as a misnomer for inert calcified nanoparticles as opposed to living organisms. This study convincingly demonstrates that naturally occurring NLPs composed of mineralo-oxidized lipid complexes are generated as by-products rather than etiological agents of chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Kumon
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Eiji Matsuura
- Department of Cell Chemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagaoka
- Department of Oral Morphology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshio Yamamoto
- Department of Oral Morphology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinya Uehara
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Motoo Araki
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yukana Matsunami
- Department of Cell Chemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuko Kobayashi
- Department of Cell Chemistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumoto
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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17
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Abstract
The pathophysiology of the various forms of urinary stone disease remains a complex topic. Epidemiologic research and the study of urine and serum chemistries have created an abundance of data to help drive the formulation of pathophysiologic theories. This article addresses the associations of urinary stone disease with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and other disease states. Findings regarding the impact of dietary calcium and the formation of Randall's plaques are also explored and their implications discussed. Finally, further avenues of research are explored, including genetic analyses and the use of animal models of urinary stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman Singh Bagga
- Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0738, USA.
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18
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Jin X, Zhang ZH, Sun E, Qian Q, Tan XB, Jia XB. Preparation of a nanoscale baohuoside I-phospholipid complex and determination of its absorption: in vivo and in vitro evaluations. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:4907-16. [PMID: 23028219 PMCID: PMC3446837 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s35965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Baohuoside I is a potential anticancer drug for a variety of malignancies and has been approved for in vitro use. However, baohuoside I has very poor oral absorption. Methods In the present study, we prepared baohuoside I-phospholipid complexes of different diameters and determined their physicochemical properties using transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The in vitro absorption of baohuoside I and baohuoside I-phospholipid complexes of different sizes were compared using the Caco-2 cell culture model, and subsequently, the bioavailability of baohuosidel and its complexes were estimated in vivo. Results Compared with the large-sized phospholipid complexes, a nanoscale phospholipid complex improved the oral bioavailability of baohuoside I. In addition, our results suggest that the smaller the particle size, the faster the complexes crossed the Caco-2 monolayer and the faster they were resorbed after oral administration in rats. The relative oral bioavailability of a nanoscale size 81 ± 10 nm baohuoside I-phospholipid complex (area under the concentration-time curve [AUC]0–∞) was 342%, while that of baohuoside I and a 227.3 ± 65.2 μm baohuoside I-phospholipid complex was 165%. Conclusion We enhanced the oral bioavailability of baohuoside I by reducing the particle size of the phospholipid complex to the nanometer range, thereby improving its potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Delivery System of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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