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Yu X, Xu R, Huang X, Chen H, Zhang Z, Wong I, Chen Z, Deng F. Size-Dependent Effect of Titania Nanotubes on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress to Re-establish Diabetic Macrophages Homeostasis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:4323-4335. [PMID: 38860558 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
In patients with diabetes, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is a crucial disrupting factor of macrophage homeostasis surrounding implants, which remains an obstacle to oral implantation success. Notably, the ERS might be modulated by the implant surface morphology. Titania nanotubes (TNTs) may enhance diabetic osseointegration. However, a consensus has not been achieved regarding the tube-size-dependent effect and the underlying mechanism of TNTs on diabetic macrophage ERS. We manufactured TNTs with small (30 nm) and large diameters (100 nm). Next, we assessed how the different titanium surfaces affected diabetic macrophages and regulated ERS and Ca2+ homeostasis. TNTs alleviated the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and ERS in diabetic macrophages. Furthermore, TNT30 was superior to TNT100. Inhibiting ERS abolished the positive effect of TNT30. Mechanistically, topography-induced extracellular Ca2+ influx might mitigate excessive ERS in macrophages by alleviating ER Ca2+ depletion and IP3R activation. Furthermore, TNT30 attenuated the peri-implant inflammatory response and promoted osseointegration in diabetic rats. TNTs with small nanodiameters attenuated ERS and re-established diabetic macrophage hemostasis by inhibiting IP3R-induced ER Ca2+ depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Yu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Ruogu Xu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiong Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Hongcheng Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zhengchuan Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Iohong Wong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zetao Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Feilong Deng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, PR China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
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Yang S, Jiang W, Ma X, Wang Z, Sah RL, Wang J, Sun Y. Nanoscale Morphologies on the Surface of 3D-Printed Titanium Implants for Improved Osseointegration: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4171-4191. [PMID: 37525692 PMCID: PMC10387278 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s409033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is serving as the most promising approach to fabricate personalized titanium (Ti) implants for the precise treatment of complex bone defects. However, the bio-inert nature of Ti material limits its capability for rapid osseointegration and thus influences the implant lifetime in vivo. Despite the macroscale porosity for promoting osseointegration, 3D-printed Ti implant surface morphologies at the nanoscale have gained considerable attention for their potential to improve specific outcomes. To evaluate the influence of nanoscale surface morphologies on osseointegration outcomes of 3D-printed Ti implants and discuss the available strategies, we systematically searched evidence according to the PRISMA on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane (until June 2022). The inclusion criteria were in vivo (animal) studies reporting the osseointegration outcomes of nanoscale morphologies on the surface of 3D-printed Ti implants. The risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE's) tool. The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines. (PROSPERO: CRD42022334222). Out of 119 retrieved articles, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria. The evidence suggests that irregular nano-texture, nanodots and nanotubes with a diameter of 40-105nm on the surface of porous/solid 3D-printed Ti implants result in better osseointegration and vertical bone ingrowth compared to the untreated/polished ones by significantly promoting cell adhesion, matrix mineralization, and osteogenic differentiation through increasing integrin expression. The RoB was low in 41.1% of items, unclear in 53.3%, and high in 5.6%. The quality of the studies achieved a mean score of 17.67. Our study demonstrates that nanostructures with specific controlled properties on the surface of 3D-printed Ti implants improve their osseointegration. However, given the small number of studies, the variability in experimental designs, and lack of reporting across studies, the results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Yang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weibo Jiang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, the China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuobin Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Robert L Sah
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Orthopedic Medical Center, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- Orthopedic Medical Center, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, People's Republic of China
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Wang H, Wu Q, Lai Y, Cai Y. Effect of graphene-oxide-modified osteon-like concentric microgrooved surface on the osteoclastic differentiation of macrophages. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2023; 41:165-174. [PMID: 37056182 PMCID: PMC10427261 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2023.2022354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effect of new biomimetic micro/nano surfaces on the osteoclastic differentiation of RAW264.7 macrophages by simulating natural osteons for the design of concentric circular structures and modifying graphene oxide (GO). METHODS The groups were divided into smooth titanium surface group (SS), concentric microgrooved titanium surface group (CMS), and microgroove modified with GO group (GO-CMS). The physicochemical properties of the material surfaces were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact-angle measurement, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, and Raman spectroscopy. The effect of the modified material surface on the cell biological behavior of RAW264.7 was investigated by cell-activity assay, SEM, and laser confocal microscopy. The effect on the osteoclastic differentiation of macrophages was investiga-ted by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) immunofluorescence staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) experiments. RESULTS Macrophages were arranged in concentric circles along the microgrooves, and after modification with GO, the oxygen-containing groups on the surface of the material increased and hydrophilicity increased. Osteoclasts in the GO-CMS group were small in size and number and had the lowest TRAP expression. Although it promoted the proliferation of macrophages in the GO-CMS group, the expression of osteoclastic differentiation-related genes was lower than that in the SS group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Concentric circular microgrooves restricted the fusion of osteoclasts and the formation of sealing zones. Osteomimetic concentric microgrooves modified with GO inhibited the osteoclastic differentiation of RAW 264.7 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Dept. of Stomatology, Xiamen Medical College & Engineering Research Center of Fujian University for Stomatological Biomaterials, Xiamen 361023, China
| | - Qinglin Wu
- Dept. of Stomatology, Xiamen Medical College & Engineering Research Center of Fujian University for Stomatological Biomaterials, Xiamen 361023, China
| | - Yingzhen Lai
- Dept. of Stomatology, Xiamen Medical College & Engineering Research Center of Fujian University for Stomatological Biomaterials, Xiamen 361023, China
| | - Yihuang Cai
- Dept. of Stomatology, Xiamen Medical College & Engineering Research Center of Fujian University for Stomatological Biomaterials, Xiamen 361023, China
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Xiao L, Sun Y, Liao L, Su X. Response of mesenchymal stem cells to surface topography of scaffolds and the underlying mechanisms. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:2550-2567. [PMID: 36852826 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01875f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) serve as essential components of regenerative medicine. Their destiny is influenced by the interaction of the cells with the external environment. In addition to the biochemical cues in a microenvironment, physical cues of the topography of the surrounding materials such as the extracellular matrix emerge as a crucial regulator of stem cell destiny and function. With recent advances in technologies of materials production and surface modification, surfaces with micro/nanotopographical characteristics can be fabricated to mimic the micro/nanoscale mechanical stimuli of the extracellular matrix environment and regulate the biological behavior of cells. Understanding the interaction of cells with the topography of a surface is conducive to the control of stem cell fate for application in regenerative medicine. However, the mechanisms by which topography affects the biological behavior of stem cells have not been fully elucidated. This review will present the effects of surface topography at the nano/micrometer scale on stem cell adhesion, morphology, proliferation, migration, and differentiation. It also focuses on discussing current theories about the sensing and recognition of surface topology cues, the transduction of the extracellular cues into plasma, and the final activation of related signaling pathways and downstream gene expression in MSCs. These insights will provide a theoretical basis for the future design of biomaterial scaffolds for application in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatrics & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yanping Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatrics & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatrics & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatrics & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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Titanium dioxide nanotubes increase purinergic receptor P2Y6 expression and activate its downstream PKCα-ERK1/2 pathway in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under osteogenic induction. Acta Biomater 2023; 157:670-682. [PMID: 36442823 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes can improve the osseointegration of pure titanium implants, but this exact mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The purinergic receptor P2Y6 is expressed in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and participates in the regulation of bone metabolism. However, it is unclear as to whether P2Y6 is involved in the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs induced by TiO2 nanotubes. TiO2 nanotubes were prepared on the surface of titanium specimens using the anodizing method and characterized their features. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to detect the expression of P2Y6, markers of osteogenic differentiation, and PKCα-ERK1/2. A rat femoral defect model was established to evaluate the osseointegration effect of TiO2 nanotubes combined with P2Y6 agonists. The results showed that the average inner diameter of the TiO2 nanotubes increased with an increase in voltage (voltage range of 30-90V), and the expression of P2Y6 in BMSCs could be upregulated by TiO2 nanotubes in osteogenic culture. Inhibition of P2Y6 expression partially inhibited the osteogenic effect of TiO2 nanotubes and downregulated the activity of the PKCα-ERK1/2 pathway. When using in vitro and in vivo experiments, the osteogenic effect of TiO2 nanotubes when combined with P2Y6 agonists was more pronounced. TiO2 nanotubes promoted the P2Y6 expression of BMSCs during osteogenic differentiation and promoted osteogenesis by activating the PKCα-ERK1/2 pathway. The combined application of TiO2 nanotubes and P2Y6 agonists may be an effective new strategy to improve the osseointegration of titanium implants. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes can improve the osseointegration of pure titanium implants, but this exact mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The purinergic receptor P2Y6 is expressed in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and participates in the regulation of bone metabolism. However, it is unclear as to whether P2Y6 is involved in the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs induced by TiO2 nanotubes. For the first time, this study revealed the relationship between TiO2 nanotubes and purine receptor P2Y6, and further explored its mode of action, which may provide clues as to the regulatory role of TiO2 nanotubes on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. These findings will help to develop novel methods for guiding material design and biosafety evaluation of nano implants.
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He Y, Gao Y, Ma Q, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Song W. Nanotopographical cues for regulation of macrophages and osteoclasts: emerging opportunities for osseointegration. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:510. [PMID: 36463225 PMCID: PMC9719660 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotopographical cues of bone implant surface has direct influences on various cell types during the establishment of osseointegration, a prerequisite of implant bear-loading. Given the important roles of monocyte/macrophage lineage cells in bone regeneration and remodeling, the regulation of nanotopographies on macrophages and osteoclasts has arisen considerable attentions recently. However, compared to osteoblastic cells, how nanotopographies regulate macrophages and osteoclasts has not been properly summarized. In this review, the roles and interactions of macrophages, osteoclasts and osteoblasts at different stages of bone healing is firstly presented. Then, the diversity and preparation methods of nanotopographies are summarized. Special attentions are paid to the regulation characterizations of nanotopographies on macrophages polarization and osteoclast differentiation, as well as the focal adhesion-cytoskeleton mediated mechanism. Finally, an outlook is indicated of coordinating nanotopographies, macrophages and osteoclasts to achieve better osseointegration. These comprehensive discussions may not only help to guide the optimization of bone implant surface nanostructures, but also provide an enlightenment to the osteoimmune response to external implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yide He
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Yuanxue Gao
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Qianli Ma
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Xige Zhang
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Wen Song
- grid.233520.50000 0004 1761 4404State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
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Shirazi S, Ravindran S, Cooper LF. Topography-mediated immunomodulation in osseointegration; Ally or Enemy. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121903. [PMID: 36410109 PMCID: PMC10148651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoimmunology is at full display during endosseous implant osseointegration. Bone formation, maintenance and resorption at the implant surface is a result of bidirectional and dynamic reciprocal communication between the bone and immune cells that extends beyond the well-defined osteoblast-osteoclast signaling. Implant surface topography informs adherent progenitor and immune cell function and their cross-talk to modulate the process of bone accrual. Integrating titanium surface engineering with the principles of immunology is utilized to harness the power of immune system to improve osseointegration in healthy and diseased microenvironments. This review summarizes current information regarding immune cell-titanium implant surface interactions and places these events in the context of surface-mediated immunomodulation and bone regeneration. A mechanistic approach is directed in demonstrating the central role of osteoimmunology in the process of osseointegration and exploring how regulation of immune cell function at the implant-bone interface may be used in future control of clinical therapies. The process of peri-implant bone loss is also informed by immunomodulation at the implant surface. How surface topography is exploited to prevent osteoclastogenesis is considered herein with respect to peri-implant inflammation, osteoclastic precursor-surface interactions, and the upstream/downstream effects of surface topography on immune and progenitor cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Shirazi
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Sriram Ravindran
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lyndon F Cooper
- School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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Lan G, Chu X, Li C, Zhang C, Miao G, Li W, Peng F, Zhao X, Li M. Surface modification of titanium with antibacterial porous N-halamine coating to prevent peri-implant infection. Biomed Mater 2022; 18. [PMID: 36317281 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac9e33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Peri-implant infection remains one of the greatest threats to orthopedics. The construction of bone implants with good antibacterial and osteogenic properties is beneficial for reducing the risk of implant-related infections and healing bone defects. In this study, N-halamine coating (namely N-Cl) was grafted onto alkali-heat treated titanium (Ti) using polydopamine to endow Ti-based orthopedic implants with strong bactericidal activity. Surface characterization revealed that the N-Cl coating has porous structure loaded with active chlorine (Cl+). The N-Cl coating also provided micro/nano-structured Ti surfaces with excellent antibacterial ability via transformation between N-H and N-Cl, and approximately 100% disinfection was achieved. Furthermore, the as-prepared N-Cl coating exhibited good biocompatibility and osteogenesis abilityin vitro. These results indicate that applying N-Cl coatings on Ti could prevent and treat peri-implant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobo Lan
- Department of Orthopedics, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528010, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Chu
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaohui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528010, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiqiang Miao
- Department of Orthopedics, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528010, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528010, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Peng
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Foshan Fosun Chancheng Hospital, Foshan 528010, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Li
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
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Karazisis D, Omar O, Petronis S, Thomsen P, Rasmusson L. Molecular Response to Nanopatterned Implants in the Human Jaw Bone. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5878-5889. [PMID: 34851620 PMCID: PMC8672355 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Implant surface modification by nanopatterning is an interesting route for enhancing osseointegration in humans. Herein, the molecular response to an intentional, controlled nanotopography pattern superimposed on screw-shaped titanium implants is investigated in human bone. When clinical implants are installed, additional two mini-implants, one with a machined surface (M) and one with a machined surface superimposed with a hemispherical nanopattern (MN), are installed in the posterior maxilla. In the second-stage surgery, after 6-8 weeks, the mini-implants are retrieved by unscrewing, and the implant-adherent cells are subjected to gene expression analysis using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Compared to those adherent to the machined (M) implants, the cells adherent to the nanopatterned (MN) implants demonstrate significant upregulation (1.8- to 2-fold) of bone-related genes (RUNX2, ALP, and OC). No significant differences are observed in the expression of the analyzed inflammatory and remodeling genes. Correlation analysis reveals that older patient age is associated with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and MCP-1) on the machined implants and decreased expression of pro-osteogenic factor (BMP-2) on the nanopatterned implants. Controlled nanotopography, in the form of hemispherical 60 nm protrusions, promotes gene expressions related to early osteogenic differentiation and osteoblastic activity in implant-adherent cells in the human jaw bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Karazisis
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Omar Omar
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarunas Petronis
- Chemistry, Biomaterials and Textiles, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, 501 15 Borås, Sweden
| | - Peter Thomsen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Rasmusson
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Maxillofacial Unit, Linköping University Hospital, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
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Abaricia JO, Whitehead AJ, Kandalam S, Shah AH, Hotchkiss KM, Morandini L, Olivares-Navarrete R. E-cigarette Aerosol Mixtures Inhibit Biomaterial-Induced Osseointegrative Cell Phenotypes. MATERIALIA 2021; 20:101241. [PMID: 34778733 PMCID: PMC8589285 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtla.2021.101241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Smoking is a known contributor to the failure of dental implants. Despite a decline in cigarette use, the popularity of e-cigarettes has exploded. However, little is known about how e-cigarettes affect the biologic response to implants. This study examines the effect of e-cigarette aerosol mixtures (ecig-AM) on macrophage activation and osteoblastogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in response to titanium (Ti) implant surfaces. METHODS Ecig-AMs were prepared by bubbling aerosol through PBS. Human-derived MSCs or murine-derived macrophages were plated on smooth, rough-hydrophobic, or rough-hydrophilic Ti surfaces in media supplemented with ecig-AM. In macrophages, expression of inflammatory markers was measured by qPCR and macrophage immunophenotype characterized by flow cytometry after 24 hours of exposure. In MSCs, expression of osteogenic markers and inflammatory cytokines was measured by qPCR and ELISA, while alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) was determined by colorimetric assay. RESULTS Ecig-AM polarized primary macrophages into a pro-inflammatory state with higher effect on ecig-AM with flavorants and nicotine. Metabolic activity of MSCs decreased in a concentration dependent fashion and was stronger in ecig-AM containing nicotine. MSCs reduced expression of osteogenic markers in response to ecig-AM, but increased RANKL secretion, particularly at the highest ecig-AM concentrations. The effect of ecig-AM exposure was lessened when macrophages or MSCs were cultured on rough-hydrophilic substrates. SIGNIFICANCE Ecig-AM activated macrophages into a pro-inflammatory phenotype and impaired MSC-to-osteoblast differentiation in response to Ti implant surfaces. These effects were potentiated by flavorants and nicotine, suggesting that e-cigarette use may compromise the osseointegration of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Suraj Kandalam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Arth H. Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Kelly M Hotchkiss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Lais Morandini
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Rene Olivares-Navarrete
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
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