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Yuan X, Sun X, Zhou B, Zhao S, Li Y, Ming H. HSPA4 regulated glioma progression via activation of AKT signaling pathway. Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 102:159-168. [PMID: 37339521 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2022-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is still an incurable disease with high invasiveness. Heat shock 70 kDa protein 4 (HSPA4) is a member of the HSP110 family, and is associated with the development and progression of various cancers. In the current study, we assessed the expression of HSPA4 in clinical samples, and found that HSPA4 was up-regulated in glioma tissues and correlated with tumor recurrence and grade. Survival analyses demonstrated that glioma patients with high HSPA4 expression had lower overall survival and disease-free survival times. In vitro knockdown of HSPA4 inhibited glioma cell proliferation, mediated cell cycle arrest at G2 phase and apoptosis, and reduced the migration ability. In vivo, the growth of HSPA4-knockdown xenografts was markedly suppressed compared to the tumors formed by HSPA4-positive control cells. Additionally, Gene set enrichment analyses disclosed that HSPA4 was associated with the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The regulatory effect of the AKT activator SC79 on cell proliferation and apoptosis was suppressed by HSPA4 knockdown, indicating that HSPA4 is capable of promoting glioma development. In summary, these data showed that HSPA4 is likely to play a pivotal role in the progression of glioma, and consequently may be a promising therapeutic target for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jinling Hospital of Nanjing University, No.305, Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210002, China
| | - Xiangdong Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jinling Hospital of Nanjing University, No.305, Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210002, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jinling Hospital of Nanjing University, No.305, Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210002, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jinling Hospital of Nanjing University, No.305, Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210002, China
| | - Yikun Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jinling Hospital of Nanjing University, No.305, Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210002, China
| | - Haolang Ming
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No.154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
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Sun R, Liu M, Lu J, Chu B, Yang Y, Song B, Wang H, He Y. Bacteria loaded with glucose polymer and photosensitive ICG silicon-nanoparticles for glioblastoma photothermal immunotherapy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5127. [PMID: 36050316 PMCID: PMC9433534 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria can bypass the blood-brain barrier (BBB), suggesting the possibility of employment of bacteria for combating central nervous system diseases. Herein, we develop a bacteria-based drug delivery system for glioblastoma (GBM) photothermal immunotherapy. The system, which we name as ‘Trojan bacteria’, consists of bacteria loaded with glucose polymer and photosensitive ICG silicon-nanoparticles. In an orthotopic GBM mouse model, we demonstrate that the intravenously injected bacteria bypass the BBB, targeting and penetrating GBM tissues. Upon 808 nm-laser irradiation, the photothermal effects produced by ICG allow the destruction of bacterial cells and the adjacent tumour cells. Furthermore, the bacterial debris as well as the tumour-associated antigens promote antitumor immune responses that prolong the survival of GBM-bearing mice. Moreover, we demonstrate the residual bacteria are effectively eliminated from the body, supporting the potential therapeutic use of this system. Different blood-brain barrier permeable systems, such as bacteria loaded with chemotherapy, have been proposed to treat glioblastoma. Here, the authors generate bacteria loaded with glucose polymer and photosensitive ICG silicon-nanoparticles to eliminate bacteria-infected glioblastoma cells and induce an anti-tumour immune response upon photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Sun
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jianping Lu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Binbin Chu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yunmin Yang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Bin Song
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Houyu Wang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Yao He
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Wanjale MV, Sunil Jaikumar V, Sivakumar KC, Ann Paul R, James J, Kumar GSV. Supramolecular Hydrogel Based Post-Surgical Implant System for Hydrophobic Drug Delivery Against Glioma Recurrence. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:2203-2224. [PMID: 35599751 PMCID: PMC9122075 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s348559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The brain, protected by the cranium externally and the blood–brain barrier (BBB) internally, poses challenges in chemotherapy of aggressive brain tumors. Maximal tumor resection followed by radiation and chemotherapy is the standard treatment protocol; however, a substantial number of patients suffer from recurrence. Systemic circulation of drugs causes myelodysplasia and other side effects. To address these caveats, we report facile synthesis of a polyester-based supramolecular hydrogel as a brain biocompatible implant for in situ delivery of hydrophobic drugs. Methods Polycaprolactone-diol (PCL) was linked to polyethyleneglycol-diacid (PEG) via an ester bond. In silico modeling indicated micelle-based aggregation of PCL-PEG co-polymer to form a supramolecular hydrogel. Brain biocompatibility was checked in Sprague Dawley rat brain cortex with MRI, motor function test, and histology. Model hydrophobic drugs carmustine and curcumin entrapment propelled glioma cells into apoptosis-based death evaluated by in vitro cytotoxicity assays and Western blot. In vivo post-surgical xenograft glioma model was developed in NOD-SCID mice and evaluated for efficacy to restrict aggressive regrowth of tumors. Results 20% (w/v) PCL-PEG forms a soft hydrogel that can cover the uneven and large surface area of a tumor resection cavity and maintain brain density. The PCL-PEG hydrogel was biocompatible, and well-tolerated upon implantation in rat brain cortex, for a study period of 12 weeks. We report for the first time the combination of carmustine and curcumin entrapped as model hydrophobic drugs, increasing their bioavailability and yielding synergistic apoptotic effect on glioma cells. Further in vivo study indicated PCL-PEG hydrogel with a dual cargo of carmustine and curcumin restricted aggressive regrowth post-resection significantly compared with control and animals with intravenous drug treatment. Conclusion PCL-PEG soft gel-based implant is malleable compared with rigid wafers used as implants, thus providing larger surface area contact. This stable, biocompatible, supramolecular gel without external crosslinking can find wide applications by interchanging formulation of various hydrophobic drugs to ensure and increase site-specific delivery, avoiding systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrunal Vitthal Wanjale
- Nano Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS), Cancer Biology Division, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P.O, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
- Research Scholar, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences & Technology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695581, India
| | - Vishnu Sunil Jaikumar
- Animal Research Facility, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P.O, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - K C Sivakumar
- Distributed Information Sub-Centre (Bioinformatics Centre), Bio-Innovation Center (BIC), Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - Riya Ann Paul
- Research Scholar, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences & Technology, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695581, India
- Neuro-Stem Cell Biology Lab, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P.O, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - Jackson James
- Neuro-Stem Cell Biology Lab, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P.O, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - G S Vinod Kumar
- Nano Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS), Cancer Biology Division, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thycaud P.O, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
- Correspondence: GS Vinod Kumar, Tel +91 471 2781217, Fax +91 471 2348096, Email
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Fabrication and Modelling of a Reservoir-Based Drug Delivery System for Customizable Release. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040777. [PMID: 35456611 PMCID: PMC9025308 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Localized therapy approaches have emerged as an alternative drug administration route to overcome the limitations of systemic therapies, such as the crossing of the blood–brain barrier in the case of brain tumor treatment. For this, implantable drug delivery systems (DDS) have been developed and extensively researched. However, to achieve an effective localized treatment, the release kinetics of DDS needs to be controlled in a defined manner, so that the concentration at the tumor site is within the therapeutic window. Thus, a DDS, with patient-specific release kinetics, is crucial for the improvement of therapy. Here, we present a computationally supported reservoir-based DDS (rDDS) development towards patient-specific release kinetics. The rDDS consists of a reservoir surrounded by a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannel membrane. By tailoring the rDDS, in terms of membrane porosity, geometry, and drug concentration, the release profiles can be precisely adapted, with respect to the maximum concentration, release rate, and release time. The release is investigated using a model dye for varying parameters, leading to different distinct release profiles, with a maximum release of up to 60 days. Finally, a computational simulation, considering exemplary in vivo conditions (e.g., exchange of cerebrospinal fluid), is used to study the resulting drug release profiles, demonstrating the customizability of the system. The establishment of a computationally supported workflow, for development towards a patient-specific rDDS, in combination with the transfer to suitable drugs, could significantly improve the efficacy of localized therapy approaches.
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Applying Synthetic Biology with Rational Design to Nature’s Greatest Challenges: Bioengineering Immunotherapeutics for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. IMMUNO 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/immuno2010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvements in bioengineering methodology and tools have allowed for significant progress in the development of therapeutics and diagnostics in medicine, as well as progress in many other diverse industries, such as materials manufacturing, food and agriculture, and consumer goods. Glioblastomas present significant challenges to adequate treatment, in part due to their immune-evasive and manipulative nature. Rational-design bioengineering using novel scaffolds, biomaterials, and inspiration across disciplines can push the boundaries in treatment development to create effective therapeutics for glioblastomas. In this review, we will discuss bioengineering strategies currently applied across diseases and disciplines to inspire creative development for GBM immunotherapies.
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