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Ahmed T. Lipid nanoparticle mediated small interfering RNA delivery as a potential therapy for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2915-2954. [PMID: 38622050 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that exhibits a gradual decline in cognitive function and is prevalent among a significant number of individuals globally. The use of small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules in RNA interference (RNAi) presents a promising therapeutic strategy for AD. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been developed as a delivery vehicle for siRNA, which can selectively suppress target genes, by enhancing cellular uptake and safeguarding siRNA from degradation. Numerous research studies have exhibited the effectiveness of LNP-mediated siRNA delivery in reducing amyloid beta (Aβ) levels and enhancing cognitive function in animal models of AD. The feasibility of employing LNP-mediated siRNA delivery as a therapeutic approach for AD is emphasized by the encouraging outcomes reported in clinical studies for other medical conditions. The use of LNP-mediated siRNA delivery has emerged as a promising strategy to slow down or even reverse the progression of AD by targeting the synthesis of tau phosphorylation and other genes linked to the condition. Improvement of the delivery mechanism and determination of the most suitable siRNA targets are crucial for the efficacious management of AD. This review focuses on the delivery of siRNA through LNPs as a promising therapeutic strategy for AD, based on the available literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvir Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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2
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Liao L, Cen B, Li G, Wei Y, Wang Z, Huang W, He S, Yuan Y, Ji A. A bivalent cyclic RGD-siRNA conjugate enhances the antitumor effect of apatinib via co-inhibiting VEGFR2 in non-small cell lung cancer xenografts. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:1432-1442. [PMID: 34236267 PMCID: PMC8274511 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1937381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) is considered to be a pivotal target for anti-tumor therapy against angiogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, effective and low-toxicity targeted therapies to inhibit VEGFR2 are still lacking. Here, biRGD–siVEGFR2 conjugate comprising murine VEGFR2 siRNA and [cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Lys)-Ahx]2-Glu-PEG-MAL (biRGD) peptide which selectively binds to integrin αvβ3 receptors expressing on neovascularization endothelial cell was synthesized. The anti-tumor activity and renal toxicity of biRGD–siVEGFR2 or its combination therapy with low-dose apatinib were investigated on NSCLC xenografts. The immunogenicity of biRGD–siVEGFR2 was also evaluated in C57BL/6J mice. In vivo, intravenously injected biRGD–siVEGFR2 substantially inhibited NSCLC growth with a marked reduction of vessels and a down-regulation of VEGFR2 in tumor tissue. Furthermore, biRGD–siVEGFR2 in combination with low-dose apatinib achieved powerful anti-tumor effect with less nephrotoxicity compared with the regular dose of apatinib. Besides, no obvious immunogenicity of biRGD–siVEGFR2 was found. These findings demonstrate that biRGD–siVEGFR2 conjugate can be used as a new candidate for the treatment of NSCLC and its combination therapy with apatinib may also provide a novel strategy for cancer treatment in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumin Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Bohong Cen
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoxian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyi Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuai He
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yawei Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aimin Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
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Fukunaga K, Tsutsumi H, Mihara H. Self-Assembling Peptides as Building Blocks of Functional Materials for Biomedical Applications. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuto Fukunaga
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259 B-40, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsutsumi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259 B-40, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Mihara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259 B-40, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
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4
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Jiao Y, Yin J, He H, Peng X, Gao Q, Duan C. Conformationally Induced Off-On Cell Membrane Chemosensor Targeting Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases for in Vivo and in Vitro Fluorescence Imaging of Cancers. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:5882-5885. [PMID: 29595259 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Molecules capable of monitoring receptor protein-tyrosine kinase expression could potentially serve as useful tools for cancer diagnosis due to the overexpression of tyrosine kinases during tumor growth and metastasis. In this work, a conformationally induced "off-on" tyrosine kinase cell membrane fluorescent sensor (SP1) was designed and evaluated for the detection and imaging of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases in vivo and in vitro. SP1 consists of sunitinib and pyrene linked via hexamethylenediamine and displays quenched fluorescence as a dimer. The fluorescence of SP1 is restored in the presence of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases upon strong interaction with SP1 at the target terminal. The unique signal response mechanism enables SP1 use for fluorescence microscopy imaging of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases in the cell membranes of living cells, allowing for the rapid differentiation of cancer cells from normal cells. SP1 can be used to visualize the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane and mouse model tumors, suggesting its possible application for early cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , People's Republic of China.,College of Chemistry , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiqiu Yin
- College of Chemistry , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qianmiao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , People's Republic of China
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5
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Gelofusine Attenuates Tubulointerstitial Injury Induced by cRGD-Conjugated siRNA by Regulating the TLR3 Signaling Pathway. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 11:300-311. [PMID: 29858065 PMCID: PMC5889698 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Integrin αvβ3, which is selectively targeted by cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) peptides, is significantly upregulated in tumors. Previous studies showed that small interfering RNA (siRNA) modified with cRGD (cRGD-siRNA) could significantly inhibit tumor growth through RNAi with oncogene expression. However, cRGD-siRNA is partially reabsorbed and trapped in the kidneys, causing renal injury in an unpredictable manner. This study aimed to investigate the influence of Gelofusine on tubulointerstitial injury induced by cRGD-siRNA in vitro and in vivo. The effect of Gelofusine on the distribution of cRGD-siRNA in tumor-bearing nude mice and wild-type mice was also explored. We found that Gelofusine inhibited apoptosis and activation of the innate immune response of human tubular epithelial cells induced by cRGD-siRNA in vitro. In addition, co-injection of Gelofusine efficiently reduced renal retention of cRGD-siRNA without affecting its tumor targeting in vivo. Further in vivo studies indicated that Gelofusine significantly attenuated tubulointerstitial injury induced by cRGD-siRNA through regulating Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-mediated activation of the nuclear factor κ B (NF-κB) and caspase-3 apoptotic pathway. In conclusion, Gelofusine, acting as a novel and effective renal protective agent, could form a compound preparation with siRNA drugs for future clinical applications.
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Su H, Wang Y, Gu Y, Bowman L, Zhao J, Ding M. Potential applications and human biosafety of nanomaterials used in nanomedicine. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 38:3-24. [PMID: 28589558 PMCID: PMC6506719 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, potential applications of nanomaterials in medicine have been widely researched in recent years. Nanomaterials themselves can be used as image agents or therapeutic drugs, and for drug and gene delivery, biological devices, nanoelectronic biosensors or molecular nanotechnology. As the composition, morphology, chemical properties, implant sites as well as potential applications become more and more complex, human biosafety of nanomaterials for clinical use has become a major concern. If nanoparticles accumulate in the human body or interact with the body molecules or chemical components, health risks may also occur. Accordingly, the unique chemical and physical properties, potential applications in medical fields, as well as human biosafety in clinical trials are reviewed in this study. Finally, this article tries to give some suggestions for future work in nanomedicine research. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Su
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial
Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, School of Medicine,
Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Yafei Wang
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial
Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, School of Medicine,
Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanliang Gu
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial
Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, School of Medicine,
Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Linda Bowman
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects
Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Jinshun Zhao
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial
Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, School of Medicine,
Ningbo University, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315211,
People’s Republic of China
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects
Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Min Ding
- Toxicology and Molecular Biology Branch, Health Effects
Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
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He S, Cen B, Liao L, Wang Z, Qin Y, Wu Z, Liao W, Zhang Z, Ji A. A tumor-targeting cRGD-EGFR siRNA conjugate and its anti-tumor effect on glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:471-481. [PMID: 28181832 PMCID: PMC8241002 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1267821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important anti-tumor target. The development of novel molecular-targeted anti-tumor drugs that can target the interior of tumor cells and specifically silence EGFR expression is valuable and promising. In this work, a promising anti-tumor conjugate comprising methoxy-modified EGFR siRNA and cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) peptides, which selectively bind to αvβ3 integrins, was synthesized and examined. To prepare cRGD-EGFR siRNA (cRGD-siEGFR), cRGD was covalently conjugated to the 5'-end of an siRNA sense strand using a thiol-maleimide linker. The cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of cRGD-siEGFR in vitro were tested using an αvβ3-positive U87MG cell line. In vivo bio-distribution, anti-tumor activity, immunogenicity and toxicity were investigated in a nude mouse tumor model through repeated i.v. administration of cRGD-siEGFR (7 times over a 48 h interval). Analyses of in vitro data showed that cRGD-siEGFR silenced EGFR expression effectively, with high tumor targeting ability. Administration of cRGD-siEGFR to tumor-bearing nude mice led to significant inhibition of tumor growth, obvious reduction of EGFR expression and down-regulation of EGFR mRNA and protein in tumor tissue. Furthermore, serum biochemistry and pathological section evaluation did not indicate any serious toxicity of cRGD-siEGFR in vivo. cRGD-siEGFR is likely a promising candidate with high targeting ability, substantial anti-tumor effects and low toxicity in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai He
- a Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China and.,b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Bohong Cen
- a Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China and
| | - Lumin Liao
- a Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China and
| | - Zhen Wang
- a Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China and
| | - Yixin Qin
- a Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China and
| | - Zhuomin Wu
- a Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China and
| | - Wenjie Liao
- a Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China and
| | - Zhongyi Zhang
- a Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China and
| | - Aimin Ji
- a Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China and.,b Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China
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Zheng J, Zhao S, Yu X, Huang S, Liu HY. Simultaneous targeting of CD44 and EpCAM with a bispecific aptamer effectively inhibits intraperitoneal ovarian cancer growth. Theranostics 2017; 7:1373-1388. [PMID: 28435472 PMCID: PMC5399600 DOI: 10.7150/thno.17826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CD44 and EpCAM play crucial roles in intraperitoneal ovarian cancer development. In this study, we developed an RNA-based bispecific CD44-EpCAM aptamer that is capable of blocking CD44 and EpCAM simultaneously by fusing single CD44 and EpCAM aptamers with a double stranded RNA adaptor. With the aid of a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines, we found that bispecific CD44-EpCAM aptamer was much more effective than either single CD44 or EpCAM aptamer in the ability to inhibit cell growth and to induce apoptosis. When these aptamers were tested in intraperitoneal ovarian cancer xenograft model, bispecific CD44-EpCAM aptamer suppressed intraperitoneal tumor outgrowth much more significantly than single CD44 and EpCAM aptamer either alone or in combination. The enhanced efficacy of bispecific CD44-EpCAM aptamer is most likely to be attributed to its increased circulation time over the single aptamers. Moreover, we showed that bispecific CD44-EpCAM aptamer exhibited no toxicity to the host and was unable to trigger innate immunogenicity. Our study suggests that bispecific CD44-EpCAM aptamer may represent a promising therapeutic agent against advanced ovarian cancer.
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Influential Factors and Synergies for Radiation-Gene Therapy on Cancer. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2015; 2015:313145. [PMID: 26783511 PMCID: PMC4689877 DOI: 10.1155/2015/313145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-gene therapy, a dual anticancer strategy of radiation therapy and gene therapy through connecting radiation-inducible regulatory sequence to therapeutic gene, leading to the gene being induced to express by radiation while radiotherapy is performed and finally resulting in a double synergistic antitumor effect of radiation and gene, has become one of hotspots in the field of cancer treatment in recent years. But under routine dose of radiation, especially in the hypoxia environment of solid tumor, it is difficult for this therapy to achieve desired effect because of low activity of radiation-inducible regulatory elements, low level and transient expression of target gene induced by radiation, inferior target specificity and poor biosecurity, and so on. Based on the problems existing in radiation-gene therapy, many efforts have been devoted to the curative effect improvement of radiation-gene therapy by various means to increase radiation sensitivity or enhance target gene expression and the expression's controllability. Among these synergistic techniques, gene circuit, hypoxic sensitization, and optimization of radiation-induced sequence exhibit a good application potential. This review provides the main influential factors to radiation-gene therapy on cancer and the synergistic techniques to improve the anticancer effect of radiation-gene therapy.
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Tang Q, Lu M, Chen D, Liu P. Combination of PEI-Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles and pHsp 70-HSV-TK/GCV with magnet-induced heating for treatment of hepatoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:7129-43. [PMID: 26604760 PMCID: PMC4655962 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s92179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To explore a new combination of thermal treatment and gene therapy for hepatoma, a heat-inducible herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (HSV-TK/GCV) gene therapy system was developed in which thermal energy generated by Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 nanoparticles (MZF-NPs) under an alternating magnetic field was used to activate gene expression. Methods First, a recombinant eukaryotic plasmid, pHsp 70-HSV-TK, was constructed as a target gene for therapy. This recombinant plasmid was used to transfect SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells and the gene expression was evaluated. Magnet-induced heating was then applied to cells to assess the antihepatoma effects of the polyethylenimine (PEI)-MZF-NPs/pHsp 70-HSV-TK/GCV complex, in vitro and in vivo. Results The results showed that cells were successfully transfected with pHsp 70-HSV-TK and that expression levels of HSV-TK remained stable. Both in vitro and in vivo results indicated that the combination of gene therapy and heat treatment resulted in better therapeutic effects than heating-alone group. The rates of apoptosis and necrosis in the combined treatment group were 49.0% and 7.21%, respectively. The rate of inhibition of cell proliferation in the combined treatment group was significantly higher (87.5%) than that in the heating-alone group (65.8%; P<0.01). The tumor volume and mass inhibition rates of the combined treatment group were 91.3% and 87.91%, respectively, and were significantly higher than the corresponding rates of the heating-alone group (70.41% and 57.14%; P<0.01). The expression levels of Stat3 and Bcl-xL messenger RNA and p-Stat3 and Bcl-xL protein in the combined treatment group were significantly lower than those in the other groups (P<0.01). The expression levels of Bax messenger RNA and protein in the recombinant plasmid group were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P<0.01). Conclusion It can therefore be concluded that the combined application of heat treatment and gene therapy has a synergistic and complementary effect and that PEI-MZF-NPs can simultaneously act both as a nonviral gene vector and a magnet-induced source of heat, thereby representing a viable approach for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiusha Tang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mudan Lu
- Genetic Laboratory, Wuxi Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Daozhen Chen
- Genetic Laboratory, Wuxi Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Peidang Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Barrón EV, Roman-Bassaure E, Sánchez-Sandoval AL, Espinosa AM, Guardado-Estrada M, Medina I, Juárez E, Alfaro A, Bermúdez M, Zamora R, García-Ruiz C, Gomora JC, Kofman S, Pérez-Armendariz EM, Berumen J. CDKN3 mRNA as a Biomarker for Survival and Therapeutic Target in Cervical Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137397. [PMID: 26372210 PMCID: PMC4570808 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 3 (CDKN3) gene, involved in mitosis, is upregulated in cervical cancer (CC). We investigated CDKN3 mRNA as a survival biomarker and potential therapeutic target for CC. CDKN3 mRNA was measured in 134 CC and 25 controls by quantitative PCR. A 5-year survival study was conducted in 121 of these CC patients. Furthermore, CDKN3-specific siRNAs were used to investigate whether CDKN3 is involved in proliferation, migration, and invasion in CC-derived cell lines (SiHa, CaSki, HeLa). CDKN3 mRNA was on average 6.4-fold higher in tumors than in controls (p = 8 x 10−6, Mann-Whitney). A total of 68.2% of CC patients over expressing CDKN3 gene (fold change ≥ 17) died within two years of diagnosis, independent of the clinical stage and HPV type (Hazard Ratio = 5.0, 95% CI: 2.5–10, p = 3.3 x 10−6, Cox proportional-hazards regression). In contrast, only 19.2% of the patients with lower CDKN3 expression died in the same period. In vitro inactivation of CDKN3 decreased cell proliferation on average 67%, although it had no effect on cell migration and invasion. CDKN3 mRNA may be a good survival biomarker and potential therapeutic target in CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eira Valeria Barrón
- Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/ Hospital General de México, México City, México
- Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | | | - Ana Laura Sánchez-Sandoval
- Departamento de Neuropatología Molecular, División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Ana María Espinosa
- Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/ Hospital General de México, México City, México
| | - Mariano Guardado-Estrada
- Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/ Hospital General de México, México City, México
| | - Ingrid Medina
- Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/ Hospital General de México, México City, México
| | - Eligia Juárez
- Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/ Hospital General de México, México City, México
| | - Ana Alfaro
- Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/ Hospital General de México, México City, México
| | - Miriam Bermúdez
- Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/ Hospital General de México, México City, México
| | - Rubén Zamora
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera en México Hospital Dr. Luis Sánchez-Bulnes, México City, México
| | - Carlos García-Ruiz
- Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/ Hospital General de México, México City, México
| | - Juan Carlos Gomora
- Departamento de Neuropatología Molecular, División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Susana Kofman
- Servicio de Genética, Hospital General de México/Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - E. Martha Pérez-Armendariz
- Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
| | - Jaime Berumen
- Unidad de Medicina Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/ Hospital General de México, México City, México
- Departamento de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México
- * E-mail:
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