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Xu C, Xie Y, Wang B. Genetically modified mesenchymal stromal cells: a cell-based therapy offering more efficient repair after myocardial infarction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:323. [PMID: 39334266 PMCID: PMC11438184 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03942-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a serious complication of coronary artery disease. This condition is common worldwide and has a profound impact on patients' lives and quality of life. Despite significant advances in the treatment of heart disease in modern medicine, the efficient treatment of MI still faces a number of challenges. Problems such as scar formation and loss of myocardial function after a heart attack still limit patients' recovery. Therefore, the search for a new therapeutic tool that can promote repair and regeneration of myocardial tissue has become crucial. In this context, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted much attention as a potential therapeutic tool. MSCs are a class of adult stem cells with multidirectional differentiation potential, derived from bone marrow, fat, placenta and other tissues, and possessing properties such as self-renewal and immunomodulation. The application of MSCs may provide a new direction for the treatment of MI. These stem cells have the potential to differentiate into cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells in damaged tissue and to repair and protect myocardial tissue through anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic and pro-neovascularization mechanisms. However, the clinical results of MSCs transplantation for the treatment of MI are less satisfactory due to the limitations of the native function of MSCs. Genetic modification has overcome problems such as the low survival rate of transplanted MSCs in vivo and enhanced their functions of promoting neovascularization and differentiation into cardiomyocytes, paving the way for them to become an effective tool for repair therapy after MI. In previous studies, MSCs have shown some therapeutic potential in experimental animals and preliminary clinical trials. This review aims to provide readers with a comprehensive and in-depth understanding to promote the wider application of engineering MSCs in the field of MI therapy, offering new hope for recovery and improved survival of cardiac patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congwang Xu
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese, Medicine321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese, Medicine321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210000, People's Republic of China.
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Pan Q, Xu J, Wen CJ, Xiong YY, Gong ZT, Yang YJ. Nanoparticles: Promising Tools for the Treatment and Prevention of Myocardial Infarction. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6719-6747. [PMID: 34621124 PMCID: PMC8491866 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s328723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite several recent advances, current therapy and prevention strategies for myocardial infarction are far from satisfactory, owing to limitations in their applicability and treatment effects. Nanoparticles (NPs) enable the targeted and stable delivery of therapeutic compounds, enhance tissue engineering processes, and regulate the behaviour of transplants such as stem cells. Thus, NPs may be more effective than other mechanisms, and may minimize potential adverse effects. This review provides evidence for the view that function-oriented systems are more practical than traditional material-based systems; it also summarizes the latest advances in NP-based strategies for the treatment and prevention of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cen-Jin Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Ting Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Non-Viral Gene Delivery Systems for Treatment of Myocardial Infarction: Targeting Strategies and Cardiac Cell Modulation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091520. [PMID: 34575595 PMCID: PMC8465433 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Conventional therapies involving surgery or pharmacological strategies have shown limited therapeutic effects due to a lack of cardiac tissue repair. Gene therapy has opened an avenue for the treatment of cardiac diseases through manipulating the underlying gene mechanics. Several gene therapies for cardiac diseases have been assessed in clinical trials, while the clinical translation greatly depends on the delivery technologies. Non-viral vectors are attracting much attention due to their safety and facile production compared to viral vectors. In this review, we discuss the recent progress of non-viral gene therapies for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, with a particular focus on myocardial infarction (MI). Through a summary of delivery strategies with which to target cardiac tissue and different cardiac cells for MI treatment, this review aims to inspire new insights into the design/exploitation of non-viral delivery systems for gene cargos to promote cardiac repair/regeneration.
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Functionally Improved Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Better Treat Myocardial Infarction. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:7045245. [PMID: 30622568 PMCID: PMC6286742 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7045245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is considered a promising approach and has made significant progress in preclinical studies and clinical trials for treating MI. However, hurdles including poor survival, retention, homing, and differentiation capacity largely limit the therapeutic effect of transplanted MSCs. Many strategies such as preconditioning, genetic modification, cotransplantation with bioactive factors, and tissue engineering were developed to improve the survival and function of MSCs. On the other hand, optimizing the hostile transplantation microenvironment of the host myocardium is also of importance. Here, we review the modifications of MSCs as well as the host myocardium to improve the efficacy of MSC-based therapy against MI.
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Kankala RK, Zhu K, Sun XN, Liu CG, Wang SB, Chen AZ. Cardiac Tissue Engineering on the Nanoscale. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:800-818. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ning Sun
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Guang Liu
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Bin Wang
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Zheng Chen
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
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Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells for Treating Diabetic Neuropathy in Metabolic Syndrome. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8945310. [PMID: 29098161 PMCID: PMC5643093 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8945310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common and serious complications of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. The current therapy strategies, including glucose control and pain management, are not effective for most patients. Growing evidence suggests that infiltration of inflammation factors and deficiency of local neurotrophic and angiogenic factors contribute significantly to the pathologies of diabetic neuropathy. Experimental and clinical studies have shown that bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMCs) therapy represents a novel and promising strategy for tissue repair through paracrine secretion of multiple cytokines, which has a potential to inhibit inflammation and promote angiogenesis and neurotrophy in diabetic neuropathy. In this review, we discuss the clinical practice in diabetic neuropathy and the therapeutic effect of BMC. We subsequently illustrate the functional impairment of autologous BMCs due to the interrupted bone marrow niche in diabetic neuropathy. We anticipate that the functional restoration of BMCs could improve their therapeutic effect and enable their wide applications in diabetic neuropathy.
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Zhu K, Liu D, Lai H, Li J, Wang C. Developing miRNA therapeutics for cardiac repair in ischemic heart disease. J Thorac Dis 2016; 8:E918-E927. [PMID: 27747027 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.08.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) families have been found to be powerful regulators in a wide variety of diseases, which enables the possible use of miRNAs in therapeutic strategies for cardiac repair after ischemic heart disease. This review provides some general insights into miRNAs modulation for development of current molecular and cellular therapeutics in cardiac repair, including endogenous regeneration, endogenous repair, stem cells transplantation, and reprogramming. We also review the delivery strategies for miRNAs modulation, and briefly summarize the current bench and clinical efforts that are being made to explore miRNAs as the future therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dingqian Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hao Lai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai 200032, China
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Nanoparticles-Assisted Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:1384658. [PMID: 26839552 PMCID: PMC4709699 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1384658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has attracted increasing attention as a promising treatment strategy for cardiac repair in ischemic heart disease. Nanoparticles (NPs), with their superior physical and chemical properties, have been widely utilized to assist stem cell therapy. With the help of NPs, stem cells can be genetically engineered for enhanced paracrine profile. To further understand the fate and behaviors of stem cells in ischemic myocardium, imaging NPs can label stem cells and be tracked in vivo under multiple modalities. Besides that, NPs can also be used to enhance stem cell retention in myocardium. These facts have raised efforts on the development of more intelligent and multifunctional NPs for cellular application. Herein, an overview of the applications of NPs-assisted stem cell therapy is given. Key issues and future prospects are also critically addressed.
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