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de Arruda GT, Driusso P, de Godoy AG, de Sousa AP, Avila MA. Measurement properties of patient-reported outcome measures for women with dysmenorrhea: A systematic review. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:4167-4183. [PMID: 38797927 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysmenorrhea, or menstrual pain, is a subjective experience, and can only be assessed by patient-reported outcomes. These instruments should be reliable, valid and responsive. AIM To identify and critically appraise the available evidence for the measurement properties of specific patient-reported outcome measures used for dysmenorrhea. METHODS The PRISMA statement was used to report this systematic review. Databases searched were PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar (April 2021; updated on February 2023). Original studies with primary data collection, with no restriction on language and publication date that reported psychometric properties of one or more dysmenorrhea-related patient-reported outcome measure. The literature searches, selection of studies, data extraction and assessment of the risk of bias were performed independently by two reviewers and followed the COSMIN guidelines. RESULTS Thirty studies were analysed in this review, and 19 patient-reported outcome measures were evaluated. The instruments varied in relation to the measured construct and measurement properties (validity, reliability and responsiveness). The methodological quality of the studies and the quality of evidence of the patient-reported outcome measures were variable. Among the 13 studies that reported the development of patient-reported outcome measures, most had inadequate methodological quality, and the overall rating was insufficient or inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS The Dysmenorrhea Symptom Interference (DSI) scale was the only identified patient-reported outcome measure that has the potential to be recommended because of its sufficient rating combined with moderate quality of evidence for content validity. Future studies should further evaluate the measurement properties of the existing patient-reported outcome measures, or develop new patient-reported outcome measures following the COSMIN methodology. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION Not applicable as this is a systematic review. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO protocol: CRD42021244410. Registration on April 22, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Tavares de Arruda
- Study Group on Chronic Pain (NEDoC), Laboratory of Research on Electrophysical Agents (LAREF), Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program and Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Patricia Driusso
- Laboratory of Research on Women's Health (LAMU), Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program and Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Amanda Garcia de Godoy
- Study Group on Chronic Pain (NEDoC), Laboratory of Research on Electrophysical Agents (LAREF), Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program and Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Sousa
- Study Group on Chronic Pain (NEDoC), Laboratory of Research on Electrophysical Agents (LAREF), Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program and Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Mariana Arias Avila
- Study Group on Chronic Pain (NEDoC), Laboratory of Research on Electrophysical Agents (LAREF), Physical Therapy Post-Graduate Program and Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
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Amin SM, El-Sayed MM, El-Monshed AH, Khedr MA, Atta MHR. The hidden link: dysmenorrhea, emotion regulation, and attitudes toward marriage in female nursing students. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:721. [PMID: 39379878 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-02341-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menstrual pain, or dysmenorrhea, can cause physical discomfort and mood swings, potentially impacting the attitudes of female nursing students toward marriage. Effective emotion regulation strategies are essential for managing stress and shaping their perspectives on marriage. This study sought to investigate the relationship between dysmenorrhea, emotional regulation skills, and attitudes toward marriage among female nursing students. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a stratified sample of 504 female nursing students from four academic years. The study used a combination of the Working Ability, Location, Intensity, Days of Pain, Dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) Questionnaire, the Marital Attitude Scale, and the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire to assess various factors among the participants. The Pearson correlation coefficient was utilized to examine the relationships among the three primary variables. Additionally, linear regression analysis was employed to forecast attitudes toward marriage based on factors such as dysmenorrhea, residence, family type, regularity of the menstrual cycle, and age at menarche. RESULTS The findings of the study are significant, revealing a negative correlation between dysmenorrhea and marital attitudes (r = -0.105, p = 0.019). Dysmenorrhea exhibited minimal and non-significant correlations with emotion regulation strategies, including cognitive reappraisal (r = -0.006, p = 0.898) and expressive suppression (r = 0.013, p = 0.774). In contrast, marital attitudes significantly influenced emotion regulation (β = -0.169, p < 0.001). Moderation analyses indicated significant effects of various factors on marital attitudes, including residence (β = -0.5136, p = 0.0478), family type (β = 5.9923, p = 0.0060), regularity of the menstrual cycle (β = 6.1262, p = 0.0014), and age at menarche (β = 1.5521, p = 0.0491). CONCLUSION A significant negative correlation between dysmenorrhea and certain attitudes, specifically optimistic and realistic marital attitudes, was found. This indicates that higher levels of dysmenorrhea are associated with less favorable perspectives in these domains. Additionally, the study demonstrates that negative marital attitudes were linked to poorer emotional regulation. This suggests that individuals with more pessimistic views about marriage may face challenges in effectively managing their emotions. These results underscore the intricate connections between physical health, attitudes, and emotional well-being. They highlight the need to address dysmenorrhea within nursing education and practice, considering its broader psychological impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Mohamed Amin
- Lecturer of Community Health Nursing Faculty of Nursing, Damanhour University, Damanhour City, Egypt.
| | - Mona Metwally El-Sayed
- Assistant Professor of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hashem El-Monshed
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Nursing, College of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Bahrain, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Mahmoud Abdelwahab Khedr
- Assistant Professor of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hussein Ramadan Atta
- Assistant Professor of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria City, Egypt
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Yadav S, Joshi S, Punia S. Efficacy of combined exercise training during different menstrual phases in young students with primary dysmenorrhoea. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 29:e2131. [PMID: 39298689 DOI: 10.1002/pri.2131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to compare the effectiveness of combined exercise training during different menstrual phases on pain, quality of life and menstrual symptoms. METHODS A total of 72 participants for the study were randomly assigned into three groups: Group 1 (N = 24), Group 2 (N = 24) and Group 3 (N = 24) which had undergone combined exercise training during the follicular, luteal and bleeding phases of their menstrual cycle, respectively. The treatment programme included combined exercise training involving deep breathing exercises, Kegel exercises, core strengthening exercises and stretching exercises. Exercises were repeated 5 times with hold duration of 15 s with total of 30-40 min session with 5-10 min of warm-up and cooldown sessions. Demographic data and outcome measures (Visual Analogue Scale [VAS], Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire [MSQ], and Working ability, Location, Intensity, Days, Duration [WaLIDD]) were assessed at baseline and assessed again during the first menstrual cycle after the completion of the treatment programme. One-way ANOVA was used for between-group comparisons of the normally distributed data. RESULTS Within-group comparison of the outcome variables except VAS in group 3 showed a statistically significant difference in all groups. Comparison of post-intervention results of the outcome measures of all the groups revealed a statistically significant difference for the VAS, while there was no statistically significant difference for in between the comparison of the WaLIDD and MSQ scoring. CONCLUSION Combined exercise training is effective in reducing pain only when performed during follicular and luteal phases and significantly improve quality of life and menstrual symptoms in all phases of the menstrual cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Yadav
- Department of Physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Shabnam Joshi
- Department of Physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
| | - Sonu Punia
- Department of Physiotherapy, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India
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Bou Haidar PS, Alam DN, Obeid S, Malaeb D, Dabbous M, Sakr F, El Khatib S, Hallit R, Fekih-Romdhane F, Hallit S. Validation of the Working Ability, Location, Intensity, Days of Pain and Dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) Scale in Arabic-Speaking Young Female Adults. Int J Womens Health 2024; 16:1565-1571. [PMID: 39359901 PMCID: PMC11445652 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s468803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dysmenorrhea, characterized by painful menstrual cramps, significantly impacts the well-being of women globally. Despite its prevalence and adverse effects, dysmenorrhea is often underdiagnosed and inadequately treated. This study aims to validate the Arabic version of the Working ability, Location, Intensity, Days of pain, and Dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) scale among Lebanese female university students aged 18-45. Methods This cross-sectional study, involving 729 participants, utilized a translated WaLIDD scale and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-8). Results Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) confirmed the one-factor structure of the WaLIDD scale, demonstrating excellent fit indices, with good internal reliability. Concurrent validity analysis revealed significant associations between higher WaLIDD scores and elevated levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea in the study was estimated at 7.3%. Conclusion The study underscores the importance of the WaLIDD scale as a reliable and valid tool for assessing dysmenorrhea among Arabic-speaking populations. The successful validation of the Arabic version facilitates its application in Lebanon and potentially other Arab regions, providing a universal tool to predict and assess dysmenorrhea and its impact. Further research is encouraged to explore the scale's applicability in clinical settings and tailor interventions for improved women's well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Desiree N Alam
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- School of Arts and Sciences, Social and Education Sciences Department, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Diana Malaeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mariam Dabbous
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fouad Sakr
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sami El Khatib
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Bekaa, Lebanon
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Gulf University for Science and Technology (GUST), Hawally, Kuwait
| | - Rabih Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Department of Infectious Disease, Bellevue Medical Center, Mansourieh, Lebanon
- Department of Infectious Disease, Notre Dame des Secours, University Hospital Center, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry “Ibn Omrane”, Razi Hospital, Manouba, 2010, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities, Effat University, Jeddah, 21478, Saudi Arabia
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Gopal SR, Premkumar M, Kavitha S, Shipnu P. Benefits of core stability exercise and relaxation technique for primary dysmenorrhea in an unmarried girl: A case report. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2024; 13:252. [PMID: 39309985 PMCID: PMC11414855 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_1629_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea denotes the onset of recurrent lower abdominal pain and uterine contractions throughout the bleeding phase of menstruation in the absence of any underlying pelvic pathology. Core stability exercise is considered a beneficial exercise program for managing several health problems. Various relaxation techniques can be used in womanhood with primary dysmenorrhea for relief of pain and improving their quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study was to learn and understand the benefits of core stabilization exercise along with relaxation techniques for primary dysmenorrhea in an unmarried girl. This single-case study was planned to analyze the effect of core stability exercise along with relaxation techniques in the management of primary dysmenorrhea symptoms. Relaxation exercises along with core stability exercises were given to subjectswith primary dysmenorrhea for 20 sessions of 30 minutes spanned for 5 weeks, four sessions a week. Along with the demographic profile, pre- and post -intervention value of pain in the visual analog scale (VAS) and Working Ability, Location, Intensity, Days of Pain, Dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) score was obtained, recorded, and analyzed. This single-case study results showed significant improvement in the outcome of pain in the VAS and WaLIDD score after the intervention of core stability exercise along with relaxation exercise for the primary dysmenorrhea patients. Pre- and post-intervention of core stability exercise along with Mitchell's relaxation exercises, measurements of VAS, and dysmenorrhea severity in WaLIDD scores revealed an effective reduction in pain and severity using core stability training and relaxation training in an unmarried girl diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Radhika Gopal
- Institute of Physiotherapy, Srinivas University, City Campus, Pandeshwar, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - M Premkumar
- Institute of Physiotherapy, Srinivas University, City Campus, Pandeshwar, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - S Kavitha
- Institute of Physiotherapy, Srinivas University, City Campus, Pandeshwar, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Outpatient, Santosh of Physiotherapy, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Shipnu
- Institute of Physiotherapy, Srinivas University, City Campus, Pandeshwar, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Mackenzie ACL, Chung S, Hoppes E, Mickler AK, Cartwright AF. Measurement of changes to the menstrual cycle: A transdisciplinary systematic review evaluating measure quality and utility for clinical trials. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306491. [PMID: 39052601 PMCID: PMC11271926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of menstruation and the menstrual cycle to health, human rights, and sociocultural and economic wellbeing, the study of menstrual health suffers from a lack of funding, and research remains fractured across many disciplines. We sought to systematically review validated approaches to measure four aspects of changes to the menstrual cycle-bleeding, blood, pain, and perceptions-caused by any source and used within any field. We then evaluated the measure quality and utility for clinical trials of the identified instruments. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and four instrument databases and included peer-reviewed articles published between 2006 and 2023 that reported on the development or validation of instruments assessing menstrual changes using quantitative or mixed-methods methodology. From a total of 8,490 articles, 8,316 were excluded, yielding 174 articles reporting on 94 instruments. Almost half of articles were from the United States or United Kingdom and over half of instruments were only in English, Spanish, French, or Portuguese. Most instruments measured bleeding parameters, uterine pain, or perceptions, but few assessed characteristics of blood. Nearly 60% of instruments were developed for populations with menstrual or gynecologic disorders or symptoms. Most instruments had fair or good measure quality or clinical trial utility; however, most instruments lacked evidence on responsiveness, question sensitivity and/or transferability, and only three instruments had good scores of both quality and utility. Although we took a novel, transdisciplinary approach, our systematic review found important gaps in the literature and instrument landscape, pointing towards a need to examine the menstrual cycle in a more comprehensive, inclusive, and standardized way. Our findings can inform the development of new or modified instruments, which-if used across the many fields that study menstrual health and within clinical trials-can contribute to a more systemic and holistic understanding of menstruation and the menstrual cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia C. L. Mackenzie
- Global Health and Population, FHI 360, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Chung
- Global Health and Population, FHI 360, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Emily Hoppes
- Global Health and Population, FHI 360, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Alexandria K Mickler
- Research, Technology and Utilization Division, United States Agency for International Development and the Public Health Institute, Office of Population and Reproductive Health, Bureau for Global Health, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America
| | - Alice F. Cartwright
- Global Health and Population, FHI 360, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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Abdelrahman AY, El-Kosery SM, Abbassy AH, Botla AM. Effect of aquatic exercise versus aerobic exercise on primary dysmenorrhea and quality of life in adolescent females: A randomized controlled trial. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 29:e2095. [PMID: 38767193 DOI: 10.1002/pri.2095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary dysmenorrhea leads to significant gynecological consultations, school absenteeism, disrupted daily activities, and adversely affects overall quality of life (QOL). PURPOSE This study compared the effects of aquatic exercise versus aerobic exercise on primary dysmenorrhea and QOL in adolescent females. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sixty adolescent females suffering from primary dysmenorrhea with moderate to severe intensity were distributed randomly and equally into two groups was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06129708) the Registration Date, November 13, 2023; group A was treated by aquatic exercise for 12 weeks, while group B was treated by aerobic exercise for 12 weeks. Assessment of both groups before and after treatment involved evaluating dysmenorrhea severity using the WaLIDD Score, measuring pain intensity with the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), determining pressure pain threshold (PPT) with an algometry, and evaluating the QOL using EuroQol-5 Dimension-3 Level (EQ-5D-3L) and EuroQol-visual analog scale (EQ-VAS). RESULTS Both groups, A and B, experienced significant reductions in the WaLIDD score, NPRS, and all domains of EQ-5D-3L (p < 0.05), coupled with significant increases in PPT and EQ-VAS (p < 0.05). Posttreatment comparisons between the groups showed insignificant differences in WaLIDD score, NPRS, and PPT (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant decrease in EQ-5D-3L and a significant increase in EQ-VAS, favoring group A (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Both aquatic and aerobic exercises are effective methods in primary dysmenorrhea management and QOL improvement in adolescent females, with a better effect of aquatic exercise in enhancing QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soheir M El-Kosery
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Department of Physical Therapy for Woman's Health, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amr H Abbassy
- Reproductive Health and Family Planning Department, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Afaf M Botla
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Department of Physical Therapy for Woman's Health, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Lv D, Xie Y, Xu H, Li F, He M, Fan Y, Li X, Jallow F, Li W, Lin X, Ye F, Deng D. Association of the Verbal Rating Scale-Measured Dysmenorrhea with Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy: A Retrospective Cohort Study. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2024; 46:102406. [PMID: 38331093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2024.102406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) is a common condition that reduces the quality of life by negatively affecting work and family life, physical and mental health, and economic well-being. However, its risk factors remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between NVP and verbal rating scale (VRS)-measured dysmenorrhea and to explore potential protective factors. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted from June 2018 to December 2020 at Tongji Hospital in Wuhan. Information on baseline characteristics, pregnancy-related history, periconceptional micronutrient supplementation, and obstetric outcomes were collected. The severity of dysmenorrhea was assessed using VRS. RESULTS A total of 443 pregnant women were recruited and divided into the NVP group (n = 76) and the control group (n = 367). A significant association was observed between NVP and VRS-measured dysmenorrhea (c2=10.038, P = 0.007). After adjusting for covariates, the association between moderate/severe dysmenorrhea and NVP remained significant (OR 2.384; 95% CI 1.104-5.148, P = 0.004). First-trimester docosahexaenoic acid supplement (OR 0.443; 95% CI 0.205-0.960, P = 0.039) may be beneficial in reducing the risk of NVP. CONCLUSIONS Women with moderate to severe dysmenorrhea have a higher risk of experiencing NVP during the first trimester. Periconceptional docosahexaenoic acid supplementation may play a protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Lv
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Xie
- Department of Obstetrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Heze Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fanfan Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengzhou He
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Fan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xufang Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fatoumata Jallow
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingguang Lin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongrui Deng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Hennegan J, Hasan MT, Jabbar A, Jalil T, Kennedy E, Hunter E, Kaiser A, Akter S, Zaman A, Rahman MU, Dunstan L, Head A, Scott N, Weiss HA, Win TM, Melendez-Torres GJ, Than KK, Hughes CL, Grover S, Hasan M, Rashid SF, Azzopardi P. Protocol for the Adolescent Menstrual Experiences and Health Cohort (AMEHC) Study in Khulna, Bangladesh: A Prospective cohort to quantify the influence of menstrual health on adolescent girls' health and education outcomes. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e079451. [PMID: 38604626 PMCID: PMC11015194 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menstrual health is essential for gender equity and the well-being of women and girls. Qualitative research has described the burden of poor menstrual health on health and education; however, these impacts have not been quantified, curtailing investment. The Adolescent Menstrual Experiences and Health Cohort (AMEHC) Study aims to describe menstrual health and its trajectories across adolescence, and quantify the relationships between menstrual health and girls' health and education in Khulna, Bangladesh. METHODS AND ANALYSIS AMEHC is a prospective longitudinal cohort of 2016 adolescent girls recruited at the commencement of class 6 (secondary school, mean age=12) across 101 schools selected through a proportional random sampling approach. Each year, the cohort will be asked to complete a survey capturing (1) girls' menstrual health and experiences, (2) support for menstrual health, and (3) health and education outcomes. Survey questions were refined through qualitative research, cognitive interviews and pilot survey in the year preceding the cohort. Girls' guardians will be surveyed at baseline and wave 2 to capture their perspectives and household demographics. Annual assessments will capture schools' water, sanitation and hygiene, and support for menstruation and collect data on participants' education, including school attendance and performance (in maths, literacy). Cohort enrolment and baseline survey commenced in February 2023. Follow-up waves are scheduled for 2024, 2025 and 2026, with plans for extension. A nested subcohort will follow 406 post-menarche girls at 2-month intervals throughout 2023 (May, August, October) to describe changes across menstrual periods. This protocol outlines a priori hypotheses regarding the impacts of menstrual health to be tested through the cohort. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION AMEHC has ethical approval from the Alfred Hospital Ethics Committee (369/22) and BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health Institutional Review Board (IRB-06 July 22-024). Study materials and outputs will be available open access through peer-reviewed publication and study web pages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Hennegan
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Md Tanvir Hasan
- BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdul Jabbar
- BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tasfiyah Jalil
- BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Elissa Kennedy
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Population Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Erin Hunter
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University College of Behavioral Social and Health Sciences, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Adrita Kaiser
- BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sabina Akter
- BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Afreen Zaman
- BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Laura Dunstan
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Melboune, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexandra Head
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nick Scott
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Anne Weiss
- MRC International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Thin Mar Win
- Myanmar Country Program, Burnet Institute, Yangon, Myanmar
| | | | - Kyu Kyu Than
- Myanmar Country Program, Burnet Institute, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Chad L Hughes
- Disease Elimination Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sonia Grover
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Sabina Faiz Rashid
- BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Peter Azzopardi
- Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Bala NS, Vesely SK, Bonny AE, Chisholm JC, Sezgin E, Beeman C, McCracken K, O'Brien SH. Mobile Application Measurement of Menstrual Cycle Characteristics and Their Association with Dysmenorrhea and Activity Limitation in Early Adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2024; 37:126-131. [PMID: 37863175 PMCID: PMC11253899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Real-time tracking of menstrual bleeding is a barrier to research due to limitations with traditional data collection tools. This prospective cohort study utilized a mobile application (TDot app) in young adolescents aged 10-14 years to assess the relationship between heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), dysmenorrhea, and activity limitation. METHODS Menstrual cycles were captured over six months in real-time using the Pictorial Blood loss Assessment Chart (PBAC). A median PBAC score of >100 was used to identify participants with HMB. Participants also completed a modified WaLIDD (Working ability, Location, Intensity, Days of pain, Dysmenorrhea) scale. Impact of menses on daily activities was collected for each cycle. RESULTS A total of 160 participants enrolled and 100 (63%) participants with ≥3 cycles recorded in the mobile app were analyzed. HMB was noted in 41% of participants. Median modified WaLIDD score was significantly higher in participants with HMB than those without HMB (p=0.01). No significant differences were found in activity limitations between participants with and without HMB (p=0.34). Median modified WaLIDD score for participants with activity limitation was significantly higher than those without activity limitation (p=0.01). CONCLUSION Utilizing mobile app technology, we were able to gather real-time menstrual outcome data from young adolescents on heaviness of flow, dysmenorrhea and activity limitations. While we did not find that patients with HMB were more likely to have activity limitations, we did find that those with limitations had modestly higher dysmenorrhea scores. Future studies should focus on identifying additional variables that impact activity limitation during menstruation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha S Bala
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sara K Vesely
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Hudson College of Public Health, The University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Andrea E Bonny
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jennifer C Chisholm
- Center for Child Health Equity and Outcomes Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Emre Sezgin
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Chase Beeman
- Center for Child Health Equity and Outcomes Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kate McCracken
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Sarah H O'Brien
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio; Center for Child Health Equity and Outcomes Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
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11
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Avila MA, de Arruda GT, de Godoy AG, Driusso P. Translation, cross-cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese and measurement properties of the WaLIDD score. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GINECOLOGIA E OBSTETRÍCIA 2024; 46:e-rbgo16. [PMID: 38765510 PMCID: PMC11075383 DOI: 10.61622/rbgo/2024ao16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Dysmenorrhea is the pain related to menstruation; to screen for the symptoms, a working ability, location, intensity of days of pain, and dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) score was created. The purpose of this work was to culturally adapt and assess the measurement properties of the WaLIDD score for dysmenorrhea in Brazilian women. Methods In this cross-sectional online study, we evaluated women with and without dysmenorrhea. Criterion validity and construct validity were assessed, respectively, by the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve and correlations with the bodily pain and social functioning domains of medical outcomes study 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36), self-report of absenteeism and Stanford Presenteeism Scale for presenteeism. Test-retest reliability and measurement errors were assessed, respectively, by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland and Altman Graph. Results 430 women completed the test, 238 (55.4%) women had dysmenorrhea, and 199 (46.3%) answered the questionnaire twice for the retest. The cutoff points ≥4, ≥5, and ≥5 could discriminate between women with and without dysmenorrhea, absenteeism, and presenteeism related to dysmenorrhea, respectively. Correlations between SF-36 - pain and social functioning domains and WaLIDD score were weak to strong and negative. For WaLIDD total Score, ICC was 0.95 and the limits of agreement were -1.54 and 1.62. Conclusion WaLIDD score is a short, valid and reliable instrument to screen and predict dysmenorrhea and could predict absenteeism and presenteeism related to dysmenorrhea in Brazilian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Arias Avila
- Universidade Federal de São CarlosSão CarlosSPBrazilUniversidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Tavares de Arruda
- Universidade Federal de São CarlosSão CarlosSPBrazilUniversidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Garcia de Godoy
- Universidade Federal de São CarlosSão CarlosSPBrazilUniversidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Patricia Driusso
- Universidade Federal de São CarlosSão CarlosSPBrazilUniversidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Ghandour R, Hammoudeh W, Stigum H, Giacaman R, Fjeld H, Holmboe-Ottesen G. The hidden burden of dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls in Palestine refugee camps: a focus on well-being and academic performance. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:726. [PMID: 38448826 PMCID: PMC10918951 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) is a condition that may have a profound effect on adolescent girls' health status and well-being. It can impede their engagement in daily activities and hamper their regular school attendance. This study aims to explore the relationship between dysmenorrhea, well-being, and academic performance among adolescent girls living in Palestine refugee camps in the West Bank and Jordan. METHODS We conducted a household survey between June and September 2019, with a total sample of 2737 adolescent girls 15 to 18 years old. Dysmenorrhea severity was assessed using the Working Ability, Location, Intensity, Duration of pain Dysmenorrhea scale (WaLIDD). The WHO-5 scale was used to evaluate the girls' overall well-being. Menstrual academic disruption (MAD) was measured using a self-reported scale. Multiple linear regression models were employed to evaluate the association between dysmenorrhea, well-being, and academic performance. Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) were employed to identify variables for control in regression models. RESULTS The mean dysmenorrhea score was 6.6 ± 2.6, with 37.9% and 41.2% expressing moderate and severe symptoms, respectively. The mean WHO-5 score was 58.7 ± 25.1, and 34.9% reported a low well-being status. The mean MAD score was 3.1 ± 3.3. 26% reported missing school due to dysmenorrhea, 36% said dysmenorrhea impacted their ability to concentrate, and 39% were unable to study for tests, and complete homework. The first regression analysis showed a reduction of 1.45 units in WHO-5 score for each unit increase in dysmenorrhea. The second regression analysis showed a non-linear increase in MAD score for increasing dysmenorrhea. For each dysmenorrhea score less than 4 (mild) there was a modest increase in MAD scores (coefficient 0.08, p-value = 0.006), and for each dysmenorrhea score above 4 there was a stronger increase in MAD scores (coefficient 0.95, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Dysmenorrhea poses significant challenges to the well-being and academic performance of adolescent girls living in Palestine refugee camps. Collaborative efforts and multifaceted approaches are crucial to address dysmenorrhea effectively. This involves research, targeted interventions, culturally sensitive strategies, and fostering a supportive environment that empowers girls to thrive academically and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rula Ghandour
- Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Occupied Palestinian territory (oPt) Said Khoury Building for Development Studies, Birzeit, P.O. Box 14, Palestine.
- Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Postboks 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Weeam Hammoudeh
- Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Occupied Palestinian territory (oPt) Said Khoury Building for Development Studies, Birzeit, P.O. Box 14, Palestine
| | - Hein Stigum
- Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Postboks 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rita Giacaman
- Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Occupied Palestinian territory (oPt) Said Khoury Building for Development Studies, Birzeit, P.O. Box 14, Palestine
| | - Heidi Fjeld
- Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Postboks 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gerd Holmboe-Ottesen
- Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Postboks 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
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Gammoh O, Al Rob OA, Alqudah A, Al-Smadi A, Dobain MO, Zeghoul R, Aljabali AAA, Alsous M. Risk factors for severe dysmenorrhea in Arab women: A focus on war displacement and mental health outcomes. AIMS Public Health 2024; 11:209-222. [PMID: 38617411 PMCID: PMC11007414 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2024010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dysmenorrhea is wide spread gynecological disorder among that affect the quality of life of women world wide. The current study aims to examine whether war displacement, mental health symptoms, and other clinical factors are associated with dysmenorrhea severity. Methods This is a cross-sectional case-control study recruiting two groups: displaced Syrian women and un-displaced local Jordanian women. Demographics and clinical details were recorded. The severity of dysmenorrhea was assessed using WaLIDD scale, the PHQ-9 scale was emplyed to assess depressive symptoms, anxiety was assessed using the GAD-7 scale, and insomnia was assessed using the ISI-A scale. Predictors of severe dysmenorrhea in females using multivariate binary logistic regression. Results Out of 808 of the total participants, 396 (49%) were Syrian displaced war refugees, 424 (42.5%) reported using paracetamol, 232 (23.2%) were using NSAIDs, and 257 (25.9%) using herbal remedies. Severe dysmenorrhea was associated with war displacement (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.49-3.08, p < 0.001), not using NSAIDs (OR = 2.75, 95% CI = 1.91-3.95, p < 0.001), not using herbal remedies (OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.13-3.60, p = 0.01), depression (OR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.40-3.29, p < 0.001), and insomnia (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.14-2.42, p = 0.009). Conclusions War displacement, type of analgesic, depression, and insomnia are risk factors for severe dysmenorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Gammoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 21163, Jordan
| | - Osama Abo Al Rob
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 21163, Jordan
| | - Abdelrahim Alqudah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Al-Smadi
- Adult Health Nursing, Prince Salma College, Al Al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
| | | | - Reham Zeghoul
- Adult Health Nursing, Prince Salma College, Al Al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
| | - Alaa A. A. Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Mervat Alsous
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, 21163, Jordan
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Gammoh O, Ennab W. Depression, anxiety, insomnia and dysmenorrhea in stressed fingolimod-treated women with multiple sclerosis. Int J Psychiatry Med 2024; 59:50-64. [PMID: 37465938 DOI: 10.1177/00912174231190455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and dysmenorrhea in stressed fingolimod-treated women with multiple sclerosis. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited female patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis and high stress scores from Al-Bashir Hospital in Jordan. Depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9); anxiety by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale; insomnia by the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI-A) scale; and dysmenorrhea severity by a measure assessing working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, and miscellaneous dysmenorrhea symptoms (WaLIDD). RESULTS A total of 129 patients were recruited for the study. Severe depression was reported in 55.8%, severe anxiety in 62.0%, severe insomnia in 36.4%, and severe dysmenorrhea in 23.3%. Multivariate analyses revealed that depressive symptoms were associated with dysmenorrhea (OR = 3.55, 95% CI = 1.56-8.12, p = 0.003); anxiety symptoms with "not using dysmenorrhea analgesics" (OR = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.16-6.46, p = 0.02) and dysmenorrhea symptoms (OR = 4.74, 95% CI = 1.94-11.59, p = 0.001); insomnia symptoms with age above 30 years (OR = 4.34, 95% CI = 1.64-11.51, p = 0.003); and dysmenorrhea symptoms with the presence of chronic diseases (OR = 4.21, 95% CI = 1.28-13.92, p = 0.02), anxiety symptoms (OR = 3.03, 95% CI = 1.18-7.73, p = 0.02), and insomnia symptoms (OR = 3.00, 95% CI = 1.18-7.64, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION Stressed women with multiple sclerosis in Jordan experience high rates of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and dysmenorrhea. Characteristics related to these conditions may help clinicians to identify those at risk. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine the causal nature of these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Gammoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Wail Ennab
- Department of Neurology, Al-Bashir Hospital, Amman, Jordan
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Gammoh OS. Dysmenorrhea severity in war refugees with hypertension: a cross-talk with antihypertensives and analgesics. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:432-437. [PMID: 38974256 PMCID: PMC11225439 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i4.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological condition among women of reproductive age. Investigating the cross-talk between hypertension and dysmenorrhea is attractive and understudied, moreover, menstrual health is poorly studied in refugees. Objectives The present study aims at examining the association between dysmenorrhea severity and antihypertensives and analgesics namely acetaminophen and Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) used by traumatized Syrian war refugees with hypertension. Methods This is a cross-sectional study recruiting Syrian female refugees with hypertension. A structured questionnaire probed their demographics and clinical data. Dysmenorrhea severity was assessed using the WaLIDD (working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, dysmenorrhea) self-report scale. Results Data were analysed from 125 patients, almost half were diabetic, 47 (37.6%) had dyslipidemia, 59 (47%) reported using β-blockers, 56 (44.8%) reported using ACEIs/ARBs, 43 (34.2) reported using CCBs and 30 (25%) were using diuretics. According to the multivariate binary logistic regression, severe dysmenorrhea was associated with acetaminophen OR 6.5, 95%CI (1.39-30.55), p=0.02 and NSAIDs use OR 2.97, 95%CI (1.28-6.89), p=0.02. Antihypertensive drugs were not associated with dysmenorrhea severity. Conclusion Determinants of severe dysmenorrhea in patients with hypertension need more study, herein we report that analgesics but not antihypertensives are not associated with dysmenorrhea severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Salem Gammoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University -Irbid, Jordan
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Mohamad Bakro R, Farrukh MJ, Rajagopal M, Kristina SA, Ramatillah DL, Ming LC, Paneerselvam GS, Hadi MA. Assessment of prevalence, knowledge and health-related practices of dysmenorrhea among Malaysian women in Kuala Lumpur: a cross-sectional survey. Ann Med 2023; 55:2281655. [PMID: 38010360 PMCID: PMC10763855 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2281655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menstruation is a natural phenomenon considered an important indicator of women's health, reflecting their endocrine function. Women in low middle income countries face substantial menstrual hygiene management challenges. Data on the knowledge of dysmenorrhea and health-related practices among Malaysian women are scarce. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dysmenorrhea among Malaysian women in Kuala Lumpur and its association with socio-demographic factors, knowledge level, and general practices. METHOD A cross-sectional study was carried out among Malaysian women in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 362 unmarried women, nulliparous and aged between 18 and 25 years old, were included in this study. Participants were conveniently recruited through online platforms as well as face to face using a self-administered questionnaire with five sections consisting of demographics, menstrual characteristics, Working ability, Location, Intensity, Days of pain, Dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) score for diagnosing and assessing the severity of dysmenorrhea as well as an evaluation of respondents' general knowledge and practices towards dysmenorrhea. The collected data were analysed using the SPSS tool, a descriptive statistic was used to report demographic characteristics. Inferential statistics was used to report the differentiation, association, and correlations of the variables. RESULTS The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea was 73.2%. It was found that the majority of the respondents had poor knowledge (60%) and poor practices (61.88%) of dysmenorrhea. The most common preventive practices among the respondents were using dietary supplements, and herbs, taking a rest and exercising. The findings also indicated that dysmenorrhea among the respondents was significantly associated with family history of dysmenorrhea (p = 0.002), monthly income (p = 0.001), and knowledge level (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Dysmenorrhea has a high prevalence among women in Malaysia in Kula Lumpur driven by low knowledge and lack of evidence-based practices among these women. Thus, it is critical for Government and healthcare authorities to promote education related to women health among Malaysian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Mohamad Bakro
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Mogana Rajagopal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Susi Ari Kristina
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
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Gammoh O, Durand H, Abu-Shaikh H, Alsous M. Post-traumatic stress disorder burden among female Syrian war refugees is associated with dysmenorrhea severity but not with the analgesics. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Dysmenorrhea association with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has not been studied in refugees. We aimed to examine the associations between dysmenorrhea severity, dysmenorrhea analgesics self-medications, and PTSD in a cohort of Syrian war refugees residing in Jordan.<br />
This is a cross-sectional study based on predetermined inclusion criteria held at Caritas primary care centers in Jordanian districts between September and October 2022. The participants’ demographics and analgesic self-medication type were recorded through a structured questionnaire. The dysmenorrhea severity was measured by (working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, and dysmenorrhea) WaLiDD scale, PTSD was measured by Davidson trauma scale (DTS)-DSM-IV.<br />
Data from 347 Syrian female war refugees were analyzed. The multivariate analysis showed that dysmenorrhea severity demonstrated significantly higher estimates for PTSD (10.48 [6.72-14.23], p=0.001), however, the analgesic type was not associated with PTSD burden.<br />
In conclusion, dysmenorrhea severity, but not self-medication, was associated with a higher PTSD burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Gammoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, JORDAN
| | - Hannah Durand
- Division of Psychology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, SCOTLAND
| | | | - Mervat Alsous
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, JORDAN
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Ghandour R, Hammoudeh W, Stigum H, Giacaman R, Fjeld H, Holmboe-Ottesen G. Menstrual characteristics and dysmenorrhea among Palestinian adolescent refugee camp dwellers in the West Bank and Jordan: a cross-sectional study. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:47. [PMID: 36998019 PMCID: PMC10061948 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women and girls experience menstruation throughout their reproductive years. Normal adolescent menstrual cycles gauge current and future reproductive health. Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation) is the most prevalent menstrual disturbance in adolescents that can be debilitating. This study examines the menstrual characteristics of adolescent girls living in Palestinian refugee camps in the West Bank of the Israeli-occupied Palestinian territory and Jordan, including estimates of dysmenorrhea levels and associated factors. METHODS A household survey of 15 to 18-year-old adolescent girls was conducted. Trained field workers collected data on general menstrual characteristics and dysmenorrhea level using Working ability, Location, Intensity, Days of pain Dysmenorrhea scale (WaLIDD), in addition to demographic, socio-economic, and health characteristics. The link between dysmenorrhea and other participant characteristics was assessed using a multiple linear regression model. Additionally, data on how adolescent girls cope with their menstrual pain was collected. RESULTS 2737 girls participated in the study. Mean age was 16.8 ± 1.1 years. Mean age-at-menarche was 13.1 ± 1.2; mean bleeding duration was 5.3 ± 1.5 days, and mean cycle length was 28.1 ± 6.2 days. Around 6% of participating girls reported heavy menstrual bleeding. High dysmenorrhea levels were reported (96%), with 41% reporting severe symptoms. Higher dysmenorrhea levels were associated with older age, earlier age-at-menarche, longer bleeding durations, heavier menstrual flow, skipping breakfast regularly, and limited physical activity patterns. Eighty nine percent used non-pharmacological approaches to ease menstrual pain and 25% used medications. CONCLUSION The study indicates regular menstrual patterns in terms of length, duration, and intensity of bleeding and a slightly higher age-at-menarche than the global average. However, an alarmingly high prevalence of dysmenorrhea among participants was found that tends to vary with different population characteristics, some of which are modifiable and can be targeted for better menstrual health.This research emphasizes the need for integrated efforts to assist adolescents with menstrual challenges such as dysmenorrhea and irregular periods to achieve informed recommendations and effective actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rula Ghandour
- grid.22532.340000 0004 0575 2412Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Said Khoury Building for Development Studies, Birzeit, P.O.Box 14, occupied Palestinian territory
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Weeam Hammoudeh
- grid.22532.340000 0004 0575 2412Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Said Khoury Building for Development Studies, Birzeit, P.O.Box 14, occupied Palestinian territory
| | - Hein Stigum
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rita Giacaman
- grid.22532.340000 0004 0575 2412Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, Said Khoury Building for Development Studies, Birzeit, P.O.Box 14, occupied Palestinian territory
| | - Heidi Fjeld
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gerd Holmboe-Ottesen
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Alateeq D, Binsuwaidan L, Alazwari L, Algarni M, Al Hussain M, Alzahrani R, Aljohani R. Dysmenorrhea and depressive symptoms among female university students: a descriptive study from Saudi Arabia. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2022; 58:106. [PMID: 36090615 PMCID: PMC9447356 DOI: 10.1186/s41983-022-00542-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dysmenorrhea has significantly increased in prevalence. There is also evidence of the coexistence of dysmenorrhea and psychological disorders. This study aims to explore the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and investigate its correlation with depressive symptoms among Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (PNU) students. All participants (N = 487) in this cross-sectional study provided sociodemographic data, menstrual and medical history, and completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scale and (working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, dysmenorrhea [WaLIDD]) scale on a self-administered online questionnaire. Results The mean age of the females was 20.64 ± 2.38 years, and 40.7% were from health colleges. Severe dysmenorrhea requiring medical attention and pain killers or herbs was reported by 30.8% of the students. Significant predictors of severe dysmenorrhea were: younger age, earlier menarche, pain killers and herbs used for menstrual pain, a doctor visit for menstrual pain, and depression. In addition, significant protective factors of depression were: later menarche age, having a regular menstrual cycle, and longer duration. Conclusions Students with severe dysmenorrhea have a higher risk of depression than other students. The findings stress the importance of awareness, education, a multidisciplinary approach to women's health, and early detection to prevent future complications.
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Abubakar U, Zulkarnain AI, Samri F, Hisham SR, Alias A, Ishak M, Sugiman H, Ghozali T. Use of complementary and alternative therapies for the treatment of dysmenorrhea among undergraduate pharmacy students in Malaysia: a cross sectional study. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:285. [PMID: 32948163 PMCID: PMC7501717 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysmenorrhea is a common problem that affects female students’ quality of life and academic activities. Complementary and alternative therapies (CATs) are used for the treatment of dysmenorrhea. This study investigated the practices and perceptions of female undergraduate students with dysmenorrhea towards CATs. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted among undergraduate pharmacy students in a public university in Malaysia using a validated and pre-tested self-administered questionnaire. The study was conducted in November and December 2019. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results Of the 318 female undergraduate students invited, 219 completed the questionnaire (response rate: 68.9%) with 52% aged between 21 and 23 years. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 72.1%, and the prevalence of ever-use and current use of CATs was 70.3 and 54.4%, respectively. Bed rest (71.5%), hot compress/heating pad (47.5%) and massage (43.0%) were the most common CATs used by the respondents. The most common reasons for using CAT were to reduce the need for analgesics (61.4%), efficacy (37.3%) and recommendation by others (32.9%). About 23 and 9% of the respondents believed that CATs were equally “effective” and “more effective” than analgesics, respectively. Reducing the need for analgesics (AOR: 4.066, 95% CI: 2.136–7.739) and those who agreed that CATs are effective (AOR: 2.701, 95% CI: 1.337–5.457) were independently associated with the current use CATs for the treatment of menstrual pain. Conclusion The prevalence of ever-use and current use of CATs is high among female undergraduate pharmacy students. Bed rest and heat applications are the most common CATs used. Reducing the need for analgesics and efficacy are the factors associated with the current use of CATs. Students should be educated about the safe and effective use of CATs to reduce adverse effects and improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Abubakar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kulliyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Amni Izzati Zulkarnain
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kulliyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Fatihah Samri
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kulliyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Sabrina Ros Hisham
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kulliyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Anis Alias
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kulliyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Ishak
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kulliyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Hajarah Sugiman
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kulliyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Taufik Ghozali
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Kulliyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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Chen CX, Murphy T, Ofner S, Yahng L, Krombach P, LaPradd M, Bakoyannis G, Carpenter JS. Development and Testing of the Dysmenorrhea Symptom Interference (DSI) Scale. West J Nurs Res 2020; 43:364-373. [PMID: 32680445 DOI: 10.1177/0193945920942252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dysmenorrhea affects most reproductive-age women and increases the risk of future pain. To evaluate dysmenorrhea interventions, validated outcome measures are needed. In this two-phase study, we developed and tested the dysmenorrhea symptom interference scale. During the scale-development phase (n = 30), we created a nine-item scale based on qualitative data from cognitive interviews. During the scale-testing phase (n = 686), we evaluated reliability, validity, and responsiveness to change. The scale measures how dysmenorrhea symptoms interfere with physical, mental, and social activities. Internal consistency was strong with Cronbach's α > 0.9. Test-retest reliability was acceptable (r = 0.8). The scale showed satisfactory content validity, construct validity (supported by confirmatory factor analysis), concurrent validity, and responsiveness to change. The minimally important difference was 0.3 points on a scale with a possible total score ranging from 1 to 5. This new psychometrically sound scale can be used in research and clinical practice to facilitate the measurement and management of dysmenorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen X Chen
- Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tabitha Murphy
- Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Susan Ofner
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Lilian Yahng
- Indiana University Center for Survey Research, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Peter Krombach
- Indiana University School of Nursing, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michelle LaPradd
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Giorgos Bakoyannis
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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