Primary Osteosarcoma of the Breast with Extensive Chondroid Matrix in a Teenager Female Patient: The Paradoxical Diagnosis in Breast Mastopathy

Invasive ductal carcinoma of breast in a 73-year old male: A rare case report and literature review

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE

Male breast cancers despite being similar to female breast cancers in various aspects; however, they have important distinctive characteristics such as molecular biology, increased tendency for axillary lymph node metastasis and late age at presentation.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

We present the case of a 73-year old indigenous African male who had a 3-year history of right breast swelling which was associated with episodes of pain and tenderness. The assigned clinical stage for the patient was T2aNoMo. The mass was histologically confirmed to be invasive ductal carcinoma, not specified type (NST) without axillary lymph node involvement or distant metastasis. Immunohistochemistry also showed positive results for ER and PR hormonal receptors but negative for HER2.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION

Considering the rarity nature of male breast cancers, this contributes to lack of evidence of the specific treatment approaches despite the noticeable difference in clinical presentation and even biological characteristics of male breast cancers, which are more likely to contribute to poor prognosis.

CONCLUSION

The prevalence of male breast cancers has been reported to be less than 1 % of all male cancers. This contributes to the lack of analytical large studies that address the comprehensive data regarding the clinical outcomes of breast cancer among men and their predictors. Therefore, having prospective multicenter studies in future would help in providing high level of evidence on prognosis.

Primary breast osteosarcoma in a patient previously treated for ipsilateral invasive ductal carcinoma: An unusual case report with clinical and genomic features

Primary breast osteosarcoma is a rare subtype of breast malignancy with limited clinical evidence, inadequate biological understanding, and unmet treatment consensus. Here, we report an unusual case of primary breast osteosarcoma developing in the same quadrant of the breast 2 years after initial dissection and radiation of invasive ductal carcinoma. Thorough evaluations of imaging and pathology were conducted while genomic alterations of both primary and secondary tumors, as well as peripheral blood samples, were explored through the next-generation sequencing technique. A comprehensive review of the current literature was also performed on this rare malignancy.

Primary breast osteosarcoma: A case report and review of the literature

Primary breast osteosarcoma (PBOS) is an extremely rare and poor prognostic malignancy that has not a definitive treatment guideline. Here, we presented a successfully treated case of PBOS and provided a comprehensive review of the literature which revealed the divergence of opinions regarding the histogenesis and management of this malignancy.

Metaplastic carcinoma of breast: a report of two cases

The pathogenesis of metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is still debatable and it has been hypothesized that MBC develops as a result of transformation of epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells along with formation of a favorable tumor microenvironment. This favorable tumor microenvironment helps the transformed cells to undergo further mutations and clonal expansion. Case 1 was a 42-year old female with a 1-year history of a right breast fungating mass which was histologically confirmed to be matrix-producing type of MBC. Case 2 was a 47-year old female who presented with a recurrent left breast mass. Histologically, the tumor was confirmed to be carcinosarcomatous type of MBC. MBC is a rare, heterogeneous tumor with poor prognosis due to its aggressive behavior. It is more likely to mimic other benign breast conditions, therefore contributing to delay of diagnosis as it was for both of our patients herein presented.

Diagnosis of primary osteosarcoma of the urinary bladder in a resource-limited setting: a case report and review of the literature

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma is a rare malignant mesenchymal soft tissue tumor without attachment to the bone and is able to produce osteoid or cartilaginous matrix. Rendering a definitive diagnosis may pose a challenge particularly in a resource-limited setting. We report a case of primary osteosarcoma of the urinary bladder presenting with hematuria, dysuria and positive history of schistosomal contact. Computed tomography intravenous urogram revealed a large heterogeneous mass at the right superolateral aspect of the urinary bladder. Morphological evaluation of the biopsy and a minimal panel of immunohistochemical antibodies of vimentin and cytokeratin 20 ruled out potential differentials and thus confirmed the diagnosis of osteosarcoma.