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Wang L, Liu M, Qi Y, Wang J, Shi Q, Xie X, Zhou C, Ma L. hsdSA regulated extracellular vesicle-associated PLY to protect Streptococcus pneumoniae from macrophage killing via LAPosomes. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0099523. [PMID: 38018988 PMCID: PMC10783081 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00995-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE S. pneumoniae is a major human pathogen that undergoes a spontaneous and reversible phase variation that allows it to survive in different host environments. Interestingly, we found hsdSA , a gene that manipulated the phase variation, promoted the survival and replication of S. pneumoniae in macrophages by regulating EV production and EV-associated PLY. More importantly, here we provided the first evidence that higher EV-associated PLY (produced by D39) could form LAPosomes that were single membrane compartments containing S. pneumoniae, which are induced by integrin β1/NOX2/ROS pathway. At the same time, EV-associated PLY increased the permeability of lysosome membrane and induced an insufficient acidification to escape the host killing, and ultimately prolonged the survival of S. pneumoniae in macrophages. In contrast, lower EV-associated PLY (produced by D39ΔhsdSA ) activated ULK1 recruitment to form double-layered autophagosomes to eliminate bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengyuan Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixin Qi
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qixue Shi
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changlin Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingman Ma
- College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Jacobson PK, Lind L, Persson HL. Applying the Rome Proposal on Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Does Comorbid Chronic Heart Failure Matter? Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:2055-2064. [PMID: 37744733 PMCID: PMC10517701 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s425592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a common comorbidity among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Both exacerbations of COPD (ECOPDs) and exacerbations of CHF (ECHFs) display worsening of breathlessness at rest (BaR) and breathlessness at physical activity (BaPA). Comorbid CHF may have an impact on the vital signs assessed, when the Rome proposal (adopted by GOLD 2023) is applied on ECOPDs. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of comorbid CHF on ECOPDs severity, particularly focusing on the influence of comorbid CHF on BaR and BaPA. Methods We analysed data on COPD symptoms collected from the telehealth study The eHealth Diary. Patients with COPD (n = 43) and patients with CHF (n = 41) were asked to daily monitor BaR and BaPA, employing a digital pen and scales for BaR and BaPA (from 0 to 10). Twenty-eight patients of the COPD patients presented with comorbid CHF. Totally, 125 exacerbations were analysed. Results Exacerbations in the group with COPD patients and comorbid CHF were compared to the group with COPD patients without comorbid CHF and the group with CHF patients. Compared with GOLD 2022, the GOLD 2023 (the Rome proposal) significantly downgraded the ECOPD severity. Comorbid CHF did not interfere significantly on the observed difference. Comorbid CHF did not worsen BaR scores, assessed at inclusion and at the symptom peak of the exacerbations. Conclusion In the present study, we find no evidence that comorbid CHF would interfere significantly with the parameters included in the Rome proposal (GOLD 2023). We conclude that the Rome proposal can be safely applied even on COPD patients with very advanced comorbid CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kristina Jacobson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine in Linköping, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Leili Lind
- Department of Biomedical Engineering/Health Informatics, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Digital Systems Division, Unit Digital Health, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hans L Persson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine in Linköping, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Eriksson I, Vainikka L, Persson HL, Öllinger K. Real-Time Monitoring of Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization Using Acridine Orange. Methods Protoc 2023; 6:72. [PMID: 37623923 PMCID: PMC10459729 DOI: 10.3390/mps6040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of lysosomal membrane integrity results in leakage of lysosomal hydrolases to the cytosol which might harm cell function and induce cell death. Destabilization of lysosomes often precede apoptotic or necrotic cell death and occur during both physiological and pathological conditions. The weak base acridine orange readily enters cells and accumulates in the acidic environment of lysosomes. Vital staining with acridine orange is a well-proven technique to observe lysosomal destabilization using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. These analyses are, however, time consuming and only adapted for discrete time points, which make them unsuitable for large-scale approaches. Therefore, we have developed a time-saving, high-throughput microplate reader-based method to follow destabilization of the lysosomal membrane in real-time using acridine orange. This protocol can easily be adopted for patient samples since the number of cells per sample is low and the time for analysis is short.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Eriksson
- Experimental Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden; (L.V.); (K.Ö.)
| | - Linda Vainikka
- Experimental Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden; (L.V.); (K.Ö.)
| | - Hans Lennart Persson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine in Linköping, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden;
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Karin Öllinger
- Experimental Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 581 85 Linköping, Sweden; (L.V.); (K.Ö.)
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Persson HL, Sioutas A, Kentson M, Jacobson P, Lundberg P, Dahlqvist Leinhard O, Forsgren MF. Skeletal Myosteatosis is Associated with Systemic Inflammation and a Loss of Muscle Bioenergetics in Stable COPD. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4367-4384. [PMID: 35937916 PMCID: PMC9355337 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s366204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Common features among patients with more advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are systemic inflammation and a loss of both muscle mass and normal muscle composition. In the present study, we investigated COPD subjects to better understand how thigh muscle fat infiltration (MFI) and energy metabolism relate to each other and to clinical features of COPD with emphasis on systemic inflammation. Methods Thirty-two Caucasians with stable COPD were investigated using questionnaires, lung function tests, blood analysis and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for analysis of body- and thigh muscle composition. Bioenergetics in the resting thigh muscle, expressed as the PCr/Pi ratio, were analysed using 31phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS). Results Based on the combination of the MFI adjusted for sex (MFIa) and the thigh fat-tissue free muscle volume, expressed as the deviation from the expected muscle volume of a matched virtual control group (FFMVvcg), all COPD subjects displayed abnormally composed thigh muscles. Clinical features of increased COPD severity, including a decrease of blood oxygenation (r = −0.44, p < 0.05) and FEV1/FVC ratio, reflecting airway obstruction (r = −0.53, p < 0.01) and an increase of COPD symptoms (r = 0.37, p < 0.05) and breathing frequency at rest (r = 0.41, p < 0.05), were all associated with a raise of the PCr/Pi ratio in the thigh muscle. Increased MFIa of the thigh muscle correlated positively with markers of systemic inflammation (white blood cell count, r = 0.41, p < 0.05; fibrinogen, r = 0.44, p < 0.05), and negatively with weekly physical activity (r = −0.40, p < 0.05) and the PCr/Pi ratio in the resting thigh muscle (r = −0.41, p < 0.05). Conclusion The present study implies a link between systemic inflammation, excessive MFI and a loss of bioenergetics in subjects with stable COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Lennart Persson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine in Linköping, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Correspondence: Hans Lennart Persson; Apostolos Sioutas, Department of Respiratory Medicine in Linköping, Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 85, Sweden, Tel +46 0 13 1033621, Email ;
| | - Apostolos Sioutas
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine in Linköping, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Magnus Kentson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Pulmonology, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Petra Jacobson
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine in Linköping, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Lundberg
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Physics in Linköping, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Centre for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Centre for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- AMRA Medical AB, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mikael Fredrik Forsgren
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Centre for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- AMRA Medical AB, Linköping, Sweden
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