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Brazel D, Zhang S, Nagasaka M. Spotlight on Tepotinib and Capmatinib for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutation. LUNG CANCER (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2022; 13:33-45. [PMID: 35592355 PMCID: PMC9113513 DOI: 10.2147/lctt.s360574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) receptor tyrosine kinase is overexpressed, amplified, or mutated in 1–20% of NSCLC. MET dysregulation is associated with a poor prognosis. Recently, development of targeted therapies against MET exon 14 mutations has demonstrated efficacy and tolerability in early trials. Here we focus on tepotinib and capmatinib in regards to molecular characteristics, early preclinical and clinical data, and the emerging role in future studies and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Brazel
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Shannon Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Misako Nagasaka
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA.,Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Orange, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
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Sun D, Tao J, Yan W, Zhu J, Zhou H, Sheng Y, Xue C, Li H, Hou H. Optimal Treatments for NSCLC Patients Harboring Primary or Acquired MET Amplification. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221128414. [PMID: 36148917 PMCID: PMC9511535 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221128414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring MET mutations, MET-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been proven to achieve a good response. However, the relative efficacy of different therapeutics in primary NSCLC patients with MET amplification and the treatment options for patients harboring acquired MET amplification after the failure of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-TKIs remain unclear. Methods: In total, 33 patients harboring primary MET amplification and 9 patients harboring acquired MET alterations identified by next-generation sequencing were enrolled. A retrospective analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy of different therapeutics. In addition, studies reporting various treatments for patients harboring MET alterations were included in the meta-analysis. Results: In our cohort of patients harboring primary MET amplification, crizotinib displayed better efficacy than immunotherapy and chemotherapy, as demonstrated both in first-line (P = .0378) and second-line treatment regimens (P = .0181). The disease control rates for crizotinib, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy were 81.8%, 72.7%, and 63.6%, respectively. In particular, the median progression-free survival (PFS) time after immunotherapy in patients harboring MET amplification and high programed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression (>50%) was only 77.5 days. The meta-analysis revealed that the median PFS times after crizotinib and immunotherapy were 4.57 and 2.94 months, respectively. In patients harboring acquired MET amplification, chemotherapy plus bevacizumab had superior efficacy (310.0 days vs 73.5 days, P = .0360) compared with MET-TKIs ± EGFR-TKIs. Conclusions: Immunotherapy showed a low response in patients harboring MET alterations, even those with concurrent high PD-L1 expression. MET-TKIs might be an optional treatment with worth-expecting efficacy. However, chemotherapy plus bevacizumab could benefit the subpopulation of patients harboring acquired MET amplification after the failure of EGFR-TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dantong Sun
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junyan Tao
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, 235960The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Weihua Yan
- 235960Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingjuan Zhu
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, 235960The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, 235960The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yingying Sheng
- Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chaofan Xue
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Huangdao District, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Helei Hou
- Precision Medicine Center of Oncology, 235960The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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