Pakyurek M, Badawy M, Ugalde IT, Ishimine P, Chaudhari PP, McCarten-Gibbs K, Nobari O, Kuppermann N, Holmes JF. Does attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder increase the risk of minor blunt head trauma in children?
JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2022;
35:356-361. [PMID:
35962779 PMCID:
PMC9637762 DOI:
10.1111/jcap.12390]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM
It is unclear if attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) increases the risk of head trauma in children.
METHODS
We conducted a multicenter prospective observational study of children with minor blunt head trauma. Guardians were queried, and medical records were reviewed as to whether the patient had previously been diagnosed with ADHD. Enrolled patients were categorized based on their mechanism of injury, with a comparison of those with motor vehicle collision (MVC) versus non-MVC mechanisms.
FINDINGS
A total of 3410 (84%) enrolled children had ADHD status available, and 274 (8.0%; 95% confidence interval, CI: 7.1, 9.0%) had been diagnosed with ADHD. The mean age was 9.2 ± 3.5 years and 64% were males. Rates of ADHD for specific mechanisms of injury were: assaults: 23/131 (17.6%; 95% CI 11.5, 25.2%), automobile versus pedestrian 23/173 (13.3%; 95% CI: 8.6, 19.3%), bicycle crashes 26/148 (17.6%; 95% CI: 11.8, 24.7%), falls 107/1651 (6.5%; 95% 5.3, 7.8%), object struck head 31/421 (7.4%; 5.1, 10.3%), motorized vehicle crashes (e.g., motorcycle, motor scooter) 11/148 (7.4%; 3.8, 12.9%), and MVCs 46/704 (6.5%; 95% CI: 4.8, 8.6%).
CONCLUSION
Children with ADHD appear to be at increased risk of head trauma from certain mechanisms of injury including assaults, auto versus pedestrian, and bicycle crashes but are not at an increased risk for falls.
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